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Economy & Market

Continuing upward streak

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Prices continuing to spike, steeply at times, for the last four months is highlighting the pricing power of the industry, but their sustainability at these levels is being doubted.

Cement prices are spiralling up continuing their rising streak in May 2019, that had a nascent beginning in February 2019, though some pressure points are visible in certain regions later in May 2019.

The ET Cement Index that tracks cement price movements across the country was up by 5.83 per cent to 2431.1 points in end- May 2019 from 2297.2 at the beginning of May 2019, close on the heels of supernormal rise of 13.07 per cent seen in April. The price momentum upwards continued to firm up since February 2019, setting a clear tone for the prices.

Sharp pricing recovery since February 2019 has already aided cement companies to report healthier operational performance in the quarter ended March 2019, as well as in ensuing quarters, say analysts.

After the underperformance in 2018, cement stocks are up 10-30 per cent year to date (YTD/May 29, 2019) (vs +10 per cent for Nifty) led by cement pricing rebound; factors such as strong demand, stable government and lower inputs are also helping. 4QFY19 (January-March quarter of 2018-19) was the sixth consecutive quarter of double-digit volume growth. While realisations missed forecasts, lower costs helped,’ says Vivek Maheshwari, Investment Analyst of the leading broking firm CLSA. The readings are limited to the group of stocks that CLSA is tracking in its portfolio.

"With exit prices higher, 1QFY20 seems like a blockbuster, but our checks suggest higher discounts in the last two weeks due to weak construction activity. With elections behind, a clear picture should now emerge," Maheshwari added.

Volume growth momentum stayed strong and for the sixth-quarter in a row remained in double digits at 11 per cent in 4QFY19, while for the full-year volume growth too was in double digits. Despite a high volume base, industry feedback on volume growth stayed positive led by government’s focus on infrastructure along with affordable housing, says CLSA.

Sabyasachi Majumdar, Senior Vice President, ICRA has predicted that the domestic cement demand is likely to grow by eight per cent during the current fiscal. The demand push will result in the capacity utilisation rising to 71 per cent from 65 per cent in FY18 (2017-18), ICRA said in a report. It also predicted that the growth in demand will be driven by a likely 18-20 million tonnes per annum (MTPA) of additional production capacity during the fiscal.

Though the cement prices have made a big leap matching the decadal levels achieved before 2010, it may not match in terms of capacity utilisation which was in the range of 85-90 per cent a decade ago, mainly because of huge supplies available at the current juncture.

The cement demand has been improving across the country and as a result cement prices have been heading north. Cement production was higher by around 13 per cent year-on-year (YoY) in FY19, up from 6 per cent YoY growth in FY18. "The double-digit growth rate is likely to get moderated in FY20 to 7-8 per cent," ICRA said.

The recent elections have disrupted construction activity on the ground due to factors like lack of workers and tight liquidity, resulting in higher discounts and rebates offered by channels and players in a bid to clear inventory. "Now that the election is over, we believe a clear trend will emerge on demand as well as pricing as the activity starts to pick-up again," says CLSA.

Markets-wise, Delhi and Bengaluru saw muted demand in May 2019, resulting in easing of wholesale prices by Rs 4-5/bag of 50kg, while on the other hand, demand in Mumbai was good and as such there has been no recent decline in wholesale prices of the building material, according to cement dealers.

Cement prices were hiked twice in Delhi in April, resulting in a huge hike of Rs 60/bag. However, the prices have been on the rise since the beginning of April in Mumbai, with overall hike of Rs 30 in the month. The industry has also witnessed another benefit coming its way in Q4 for stocks in the coverage of CLSA ? Unit costs have declined 4 per cent quarter-on-quarter (QoQ) and stayed flat year-on-year (YoY) at aggregate level, showering benefits even in energy costs. The Q4 exit cement prices were higher than quarter average, signalling a strong 1QFY20, CLSA added.

– Markets-wise, Delhi and Bengaluru saw muted demand in May 2019, resulting in easing of wholesale prices by Rs 4-5/bag of 50kg, while on the other hand, demand in Mumbai was good.

– ICRA said that the industry will also benefit from easing of freight expenses, owing to the increase in the truck axle load norms from Q2, which will result in relatively higher operating profitability for cement companies in the near-term.

Many analysts are predicting that incremental demand will come from the proposed "housing for all" scheme and construction activities of Metro/irrigation projects, besides other infrastructure projects.

"The continued focus on the housing sector and rural economy in the Union Budget for 2019-20 is likely to have a positive impact on the cement industry. On the infrastructure side, the continued thrust on the roads and railways is likely to push cement demand. While the healthy demand is likely to support the recent price increase, the supply side pressure on prices in some regions cannot be ruled out completely," Majumdar of ICRA said.

Though there is every reason to believe that demand would be outpacing supply in the months to come, some stakeholders are keeping their fingers crossed over the sustainability of prices at such high levels, particularly citing a price hike of Rs 30-50/bag in a single month – in April 2019, which they claim is unusual.

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Concrete

Nuvoco Vistas, CleanMax Partner for Wind-Solar Hybrid Project in Rajasthan

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The project – comprising 20 MW of wind and 26.4 MWdc of solar capacity – will support Nuvoco’s cement operations with cleaner power while strengthening its renewable energy and decarbonisation strategy.

Mumbai, September 29, 2026

Nuvoco Vistas Corp Ltd, part of Nirma Group and one of India’s leading cement companies, has partnered with Clean Max Enviro Energy Solutions Limited (CleanMax), a renewable energy solutions provider for the commercial and industrial (C&I) sector, to develop a 46.4 MW wind-solar hybrid renewable energy project in Rajasthan.

The project will support Nuvoco’s cement operations with cleaner power while strengthening its renewable energy and decarbonisation strategy. It is expected to increase the share of renewable energy in Nuvoco’s power mix, reducing fossil fuel consumption and associated emissions.

Developed by CleanMax, an Independent Power Producer (IPP), at Bhikamkhore, Rajasthan, the project will comprise 20 MW of wind capacity and 26.4 MWdc of solar capacity, along with a 2-MWh Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). Power generated from the facility will be supplied to Nuvoco through the State Transmission Utility (STU) Open Access network.

The hybrid project is expected to generate approximately 100 million units (MU) of renewable electricity annually and help avoid around 1,25,485 tonnes of CO₂ emissions every year across Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions.

The initiative supports Nuvoco’s ongoing efforts to reduce the carbon intensity of its manufacturing operations through renewable energy adoption, Waste Heat Recovery Systems (WHRS), energy-efficiency measures and increased use of alternative fuels. It also aligns with the company’s DIRE (Digitalisation, Innovation and Renewables) agenda, which focuses on climate action, renewable energy transition, water stewardship, circularity and biodiversity conservation across its manufacturing ecosystem.

Commenting on the initiative, Jayakumar Krishnaswamy, Managing Director, Nuvoco Vistas Corp Ltd, said, “This marks an important step in advancing Nuvoco’s journey towards more sustainable and resilient operations. Our collaboration with CleanMax will increase the share of renewable energy across our Rajasthan operations, strengthening our energy mix while improving long-term cost efficiency and reducing our dependence on conventional power sources. Initiatives such as these reinforce our commitment to operational excellence and responsible growth, while supporting our vision of Building a Safer, Smarter and Sustainable World.”

Kuldeep Jain, Founder and Managing Director, CleanMax, said, “Cement plants run continuously, so the power behind them has to be dependable for decades, not years. We’re seeing manufacturing industries view clean energy as an integral part of their core operations and long-term strategy. Our partnership with Nuvoco reflects that shift, and we’re pleased to support its decarbonisation journey. This wind-solar hybrid project is designed to deliver long-term cost certainty while supporting the Company’s transition to cleaner power.”

Nuvoco has been advancing its sustainability initiatives through renewable energy, operational efficiency and technology-driven solutions. The company operates across Cement, Ready-Mix Concrete (RMX) and Modern Building Materials (MBM) segments, with a presence across East, North and West India.

The company began operations in 2014 with a greenfield cement plant in Nimbol, Rajasthan, and later acquired Lafarge India Limited, which entered India in 1999, along with Emami Cement Ltd in 2020 and Vadraj Cement Limited in April 2025. With planned expansion initiatives, including a new grinding mill at the Arasmeta Cement Plant and multiple debottlenecking projects, Nuvoco aims to achieve a cement capacity of 35 MMTPA.

The company reported total income of Rs 113.62 billion in FY 2025-26, reflecting its continued growth trajectory. Its cement portfolio includes Concreto, Duraguard, Double Bull, PSC, Nirmax and Infracem brands, while its RMX business offers products under Concreto, Artiste, InstaMix, X-Con and Ecodure brands. Nuvoco also provides construction solutions under its Zero M range of modern building materials.

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Concrete

UltraTech Cement achieves 100% green energy milestone at Chhattisgarh plant

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UltraTech Cement’s Kukurdih Works becomes its first integrated unit to meet 100 per cent electricity needs through green energy every month.

Raipur (Chhattisgarh)

UltraTech Cement Limited, the world’s largest cement company outside China, has achieved a significant decarbonisation milestone, with its Kukurdih Cement Works integrated unit in Chhattisgarh meeting 100 per cent of its electricity requirement through green energy every month since April 2026.

Commissioned in 2024, Kukurdih Cement Works has an installed grey cement capacity of 3.3 million tonnes per annum. The unit achieved this milestone through a combination of renewable power sourcing and Waste Heat Recovery Systems (WHRS), which now collectively meet its entire electricity demand while ensuring operational reliability.

Since April 2026, nearly one-third of UltraTech’s 76 manufacturing units in India have maintained green energy utilisation above 50 per cent of their electricity requirements. Five units, including Kukurdih, have exceeded 95 per cent green energy utilisation. The company is also progressively deploying Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) across its network to enable deeper renewable energy integration.

As part of its decarbonisation strategy, UltraTech has not invested in additional captive thermal power capacity for greenfield projects or brownfield expansions at its integrated units for over a decade.

As of Q1FY27, the company’s captive green energy capacity stood at 1,897 MW, comprising 1,463 MW of renewable energy capacity from solar, wind and hybrid sources, along with 434 MW of WHRS capacity. Under its RE100 commitment, UltraTech aims to increase the share of green power in its total energy mix to 85 per cent by 2030 and achieve 100 per cent by 2050.

UltraTech Cement Ltd, the cement flagship company of the Aditya Birla Group, is a $10-billion building solutions company and the largest cement producer globally by sales volume outside China. The company has a total grey cement capacity of 210.1 MTPA and white cement/putty capacity of 3.5 MTPA. It is a signatory to the GCCA Climate Ambition 2050 and has committed to the Net Zero Concrete roadmap announced by GCCA.

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Economy & Market

From First Mile to Last Mile

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Praveen Vashistha, Founder, Gxpress Solutions, speaks about building a holistic logistics network that encompasses latest technology and current challenges faced by logistics service providers.

Logistics may seem to only entail transporting a package from one location to another. However, there is more to this term than just that. Logistics refers to the entire process of controlling all movement, transfers and decisions in the correct way at the right time and cost and with the desired level of visibility.

People nowadays want to receive more than just the delivery. They want quick, efficient, reliable and transparent logistics service. On the other hand, companies are facing higher operating costs, broken supply chains, congested cities, changing habits of consumers and growing complexity of logistics services. In this situation, a full logistics package is gaining importance not only as a competitive advantage but also as a necessity for a successful business.

The main challenge lies in uniting the first mile, the middle mile and the last mile into one seamless process.

The journey begins before the package moves

First-mile logistics may be the least recognised part of the logistics chain, but they have a crucial influence on all that follows.

This stage starts from the moment the shipment leaves the manufacturer, supplier, farm, warehouse or distribution centre. Depending on the industry, first-mile logistics may involve grouping shipments from multiple suppliers, compiling paperwork and checking the inventory before sending the shipments to a central hub.

Flaws in first-mile logistics produce effects later down the supply chain. Delays in cargo pickup can affect warehouse operations; improper packaging can damage goods in transit; and incorrect inventory information may cause stockholding or unnecessary replenishments.

This is why building a reliable network involves simplifying the operations done at the beginning of the supply chain.

Companies require accurate demand forecasts, supplier visibility, standard procedures, and software to capture information from the moment a shipment enters the supply chain. Route planning and fleet management are also important at this stage, especially as it may involve contacting multiple suppliers.

The main goal is simply to make the first mile predictable.

The middle mile: Where scale meets complexity

When products leave the original site, they travel through the ‘middle mile,’ which connects fulfilment centres, warehouses, sorting centres, and regional distribution points. In this phase, logistics networks begin operating on a large scale. A shipment can pass through several facilities before reaching the final destination. Each additional transfer entails the risk of delay or damage and information losses. Accordingly, the ideal solution is not to minimise the number of transfers but rather to optimise them. The use of hub-and-spoke networks, regional distribution centres, and strategically placed distribution centres can help companies shorten transportation routes and optimise distribution costs. Besides, data can be used to determine the optimal placement of inventories.

For instance, a retailer may find that it takes more time and is more expensive to deliver goods to customers if everything is stored in a central warehouse. Meanwhile, regional distribution helps meet the customer’s needs quicker and more efficiently.

The last mile is where the customer judges you

When it comes to the logistics experience, the customer experience comes down to the delivery. While the last mile might comprise a small part of the entire journey in actual distance, it could also entail expensive and difficult processes. Delivery runs through densely populated cities, through traffic jams, through unsuccessful delivery attempts, and through changing consumer preferences and narrowed time frames.

Customers want to have control over their delivery. Delivery means that customers expect to know the exact moment when their order is delivered. They need to receive current updates about their orders and the ability to decide whether they want scheduled deliveries, or whether they want their order to be dropped off at a designated location far from their house.

As a result, last-mile logistics must incorporate both efficiency and experience. The technology may be used to ensure timely and accurate delivery, through such products as route optimisation and real-time delivery tracking.

However, technology is not enough to guarantee success in terms of last-mile delivery. Knowledge of the local area is still an important aspect that contributes to successful delivery.

One network, not three separate operations

First, the common mistake that organisations can make is treating the first mile, the middle, and the last mile separately.

An effective first mile of logistics does not matter much if the shipment waits in a hub for many hours. A perfectly working warehouse does not make a happy customer if the last-mile delivery fails. Therefore, even the fastest last-mile delivery can become an expensive operation if the supply is not well geographically positioned.

The three moments should work together as one whole system.

This implies having a common view on inventory, transport capacities, shipment statuses and demand. The Transportation Management System, Warehouse Management System and order management system should give information to each other instead of acting like separate islands.

That is where real-time information comes into play!

If something happens, such as a vehicle gets delayed, the company has to know that from the start. If not, someone from Customer Service should be informed about the situation.

Visibility is the new infrastructure

Previously, companies had to rely on physical assets, such as warehouses, trucks, and sorting facilities, to create their logistics networks. Today, they have an additional layer of technology providing visibility.

Command-and-control systems now include GPS tracking, Internet of Things devices, bar-coding, RFID, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and analytics, which allow companies to know what the goods are doing, how well they are doing, and what is going to happen next.

Predictive analytics reveal possible delays. AI-powered forecasting increases availability. Digital dashboards enable the manager to monitor all operations in one place. The efficiency of such technologies is not measured in the amount of information they gather, but rather in their capability of converting data into knowledge.

Logistics managers should be able to answer the following questions: Where is it? When is it supposed to arrive? What causes the delay? What impact does it have? Can it be delivered some other way? How much will it cost?

The sooner the answers are given, the more resilient the logistics system is.

Resilience must be designed into the network

The events of recent years have highlighted the vulnerability of interconnected supply chains. Geopolitical tensions, bad weather, a lack of labour, poorly developed infrastructure and an unexpected spike in demand are some events that can cause problems for logistics systems without prior notice. Thus, companies should create an end-to-end network not just for normal times but also capable of functioning quickly in problematic situations. In order to create such a network, it is necessary to find alternative suppliers, use several means of transportation, create several routes of delivery, and establish inventory. It is also important to use scenario planning to define what to do if the main hub becomes unavailable or any means of transportation is blocked.

Sustainability: Part of the delivery equation

The future of logistics will also be shaped by environmental considerations.

As delivery volumes rise, businesses are under increasing pressure to reduce emissions without compromising service. Better route planning, load optimisation, electric vehicles, alternative fuels, renewable-energy-powered warehouses and consolidated deliveries can all contribute. The most sustainable shipment is often the one that does not require unnecessary movement in the first place.

Better demand forecasting and inventory placement can reduce empty miles and avoid repeated transportation. Consolidating deliveries can improve vehicle utilisation. Reverse logistics can ensure that products, packaging and materials return efficiently instead of becoming waste.

Sustainability, therefore, should not be treated as a separate initiative. It should be incorporated into network design itself.

The future belongs to connected logistics

An end-to-end logistics network ultimately seeks to close existing gaps between various processes.

Every mile of the process should be interconnected with the other miles. Warehouses should be aware of the restraints imposed by transportation. Delivery crews should be able to know at every moment the inventory at their disposal. Clients must have access to this useful information.

Companies that will be successful in this area will not necessarily be the ones with the biggest fleets or the most warehouses. They will simply be the ones that can employ their resources in the most effective manner.

The future of logistics will be represented by an ecosystem consisting of the combination of the physical aspect, digital intelligence, and personnel decisions. Every mile in the process of delivery is important. However, the key advantage here is getting those miles to work together.

For companies, it means having minimal resistance, enhancing their efficiency and improving customer care. For clients, it means simply having the right product delivered at the right time.

About the author: Praveen Vashistha, Founder, Gxpress Solutions,

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