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Limiting the damage

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World Environment Day on 5th June was ushered in with a greater gusto in India than ever before. In keeping with the theme of this year’s celebration, ‘Only One Earth,’ the Government of India has also taken substantial steps such as banning single use plastic among others.

Considering the urgency with which the cement sector is moving towards decarbonisation, here are some facts that are propelling cement players to take immediate action:

  • The steel and cement sectors would see a three-to-four-fold increase in demand and a near tripling of sectoral CO2 emissions by 2050, making the industrial sector the single largest source of CO2 emissions in India, as per an estimate by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) and World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD).
  • More than half of all CO2 emissions since 1751 have been emitted in the last 30 years, says a study by Institute for European Environmental Policy (IEEP).
  • The 20 big companies that contributed to almost 33 per cent of world-historic emissions are from the energy and cement sectors.
  • The per capita consumption of cement in India is 195 kg, which is far less than the world average of 500 kg and 1000 kg of China, as per Bureau of Energy Efficiency.

Decarbonisation of the cement industry cannot be achieved without technology. Using state-of-the-art technology, cement companies should aim at…

  • Making their processes more energy efficient
  • Using renewable energy sources
  • Shifting to alternative fuels
  • Investing in carbon capture and storage
  • Utilising other industrial waste as raw material
  • Exploring alternative cementitious materials
  • Recycling waste and having circular processes

Technology and R&D are the two tools that will enable the cement sector to harness alternative energy such as solar thermal power, make improvements in the usage of biomass and green hydrogen and increase material circularity.
A significant achievement in India has been the substitution of part of the limestone with by-products from other processes in the form of industrial wastes like slag from steel plants and fly ash from thermal power plants. This blending has greatly contributed to helping the Indian cement industry perform better than global players in terms of specific emissions of CO2 per tonne of cement. Slag Cement can substitute 70-80 per cent of OPC in various grades of concrete mixtures, while it can be used 100% in massive mass concrete projects and other industrial structures. Achieving higher thermal efficiencies helps conserve the use of coal. Equally noteworthy has been the gainful utilisation of industrial, municipal and agricultural wastes and biomass to serve as alternative fuels that replace fossil fuels.
We see a lot of constructive initiatives undertaken by the government, too, in this journey towards decarbonisation. For instance, last year, India and the United Kingdom announced the Industrial Deep Decarbonization Initiative (IDDI). It is one of the largest and most diverse coalitions of governments and the private sector to create net-zero carbon industrial products. Over the next three years, the governments will work towards decarbonisation of heavy industries, including, of course, cement. While the sentiment is in the right place here, only time will tell if the efforts match up to the expected outcome.

Pratap Padode, Founder and Editor-in-chief

Concrete

Lokesh Lays Stone For Rs 31 Billion Cement Unit In Kadapa

Line-2 expansion to make Kadapa a major cement hub

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Andhra Pradesh Education and IT Minister Nara Lokesh on Wednesday laid the foundation stone for the Line-2 expansion of Dalmia Bharat Cement at Chinnakomerla village in Mylavaram Mandal in Kadapa district. The project carries an investment of Rs 31 billion (bn) and is slated for completion by the third quarter of the financial year 2028. The expansion is intended to boost industrial growth and employment generation across the Rayalaseema region.

Once commissioned, the Kadapa facility will become Dalmia Bharat’s largest integrated cement manufacturing ecosystem in southern India, creating over 1,000 direct and indirect jobs and opening new business avenues for regional micro, small and medium enterprises and transport operators. Lokesh said the expansion signalled growing corporate confidence in the state and reflected the practical ease of doing business that secured repeat investment.

He placed the project within the government’s wider economic targets and recalled the Yuvagalam padayatra commitment to generate two million (mn) jobs within five years, noting that the state would cultivate talent while industry created opportunities. Lokesh highlighted Andhra Pradesh’s competitive pursuit of major manufacturing accounts, mentioning past successes and a personal initiative to engage global investors when persuading them to anchor expansion in the state.

The plant will leverage Kadapa’s abundant limestone reserves to scale production and sustainability. Clinker capacity is planned to rise from two point five million tonnes per annum (mn tpa) to six point one mn tpa, while overall cement output will increase from three point six mn tpa to nine point six mn tpa. The unit is designed to operate on over eighty per cent renewable energy and deploy waste heat recovery, zero liquid discharge, water recycling and advanced AI systems to optimise efficiency. Industries Minister TG Bharat, BC Welfare Minister S. Savitha and Jammalamadugu MLA C. Adinarayana Reddy attended the ceremony.

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Concrete

Cement Prices to Stay Flat in Q2 FY27 as Costs Squeeze Margins

HDFC Securities warns monsoon slowdown and higher fuel costs

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HDFC Securities has said the cement industry is unlikely to register a sequential increase in prices in Q2 FY27 as monsoon-related demand moderation coincides with rising fuel and packaging costs that will squeeze margins. The brokerage observed that price gains remained modest, with increases of two to three per cent quarter-on-quarter across regions, and noted subdued offtake in May with improvement in June as a delayed monsoon supported construction activity. The brokerage added that modest pricing gains so far have been insufficient to offset the input cost escalation.

The report stated that input cost pressures intensified in Q1 FY27 owing to the West Asia conflict, which pushed up coal and pet coke prices and is expected to keep fuel costs elevated, with a likely peak in Q2 FY27. It assessed that total variable costs, including packing, could rise by around Rs 150 per t quarter-on-quarter and that lower offtake and seasonal operating deleverage could further raise operating expenditure by about Rs 50 per t quarter-on-quarter.

Overall, cement prices were estimated to remain flat in Q2 FY27 as monsoon-led demand weakness offsets limited upside in realisation, and rising fuel costs alongside seasonal deleverage were expected to compress industry margins by over Rs 100 per t quarter-on-quarter to below Rs 880 per t. The brokerage indicated that the combined impact of energy inflation and higher packing expenditure would be the principal drivers of margin contraction in the near term. HDFC Securities projected a recovery in margins in H2 FY27 should the West Asia turmoil subside and energy and packing costs cool off.

The brokerage expressed optimism on long-term demand fundamentals and said improving realisation together with an anticipated cost cool-off should support a margin rebound from H2 FY27 onward, underpinning favourable industry prospects over the medium term. Its outlook rests on monsoon normalisation and a decline in imported fuel prices in the second half of the fiscal year.

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Concrete

Dalmia Bharat Begins Rs 31 Bn Green Cement Unit in Kadapa

New Andhra Pradesh plant to add 9.6 MTPA cement capacity by FY28

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Dalmia Bharat Limited recently laid the foundation stone for its second manufacturing unit at Kadapa in Andhra Pradesh. The company will invest Rs 31 billion in developing the next-generation integrated cement manufacturing facility.
The foundation-laying ceremony was attended by Nara Lokesh, Andhra Pradesh Minister for Information Technology, Electronics and Communications, Real-Time Governance and Human Resources Development, along with Puneet Dalmia, Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer, Dalmia Bharat, senior government officials and company representatives.
Scheduled to be commissioned by the third quarter of FY28, the Kadapa unit will become Dalmia Bharat’s largest integrated manufacturing facility in southern India. It will have a clinker production capacity of 6.1 million tonnes per annum and a cement manufacturing capacity of 9.6 million tonnes per annum.
The facility is designed to produce what the company describes as one of the world’s greenest cements. It is also expected to generate approximately 1,000 direct and indirect employment opportunities while supporting local MSMEs, transporters, contractors and service providers.
Lokesh said the investment reflected Dalmia Bharat’s confidence in Andhra Pradesh and aligned with the state’s objective of promoting sustainable industrialisation, job creation and technology-led economic growth.
Puneet Dalmia said the project represented the company’s long-term vision of developing low-carbon cement manufacturing assets. He added that the facility would establish new benchmarks in operational efficiency and sustainability while supporting India’s infrastructure and environmental goals.
Dalmia Bharat will also expand its regional community development programmes in education, healthcare, skill development and welfare through its DIKSHa and Gram Parivartan initiatives.
The company currently has an installed cement manufacturing capacity of 54.7 million tonnes across 19 manufacturing units in 12 states. It is also the first cement company globally to commit to the RE100, EP100 and EV100 initiatives.

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