Economy & Market

Bulking up

Published

8 years ago

March 31, 2018

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More and more RMC players and project implementing agencies are opting for bulk deliveries against split bags to save on costs and to curtail wastage.
Bulk distribution of cement is slowly but steadily replacing the once ubiquitous cement bags, changing the composition of cement channel supply chains forever. Bulk cement is consumed by ready mix concrete (RMC) manufacturers and project implementing agencies across the country. However, bag cement is refusing to disappear from the scene. For other activities like plastering, brickwork etc., bag cement is required, besides catering to the rural demand, where a lot of consumers order lower quantities.

"About 75% of requirements of RMC manufacturers are supplied through bulk only. The trend is building up towards bulk as wastage is low and cost is competitive. It saves on the cost of bags and wastage is less than one per cent. In the next couple of years, the trend will continue towards bulk," says AK Bal, Director of Pune-based Viraj Projects Pvt Ltd, which deals in steels, sand, dyes, bricks and tiles, besides cement.
Earlier the concept was use of split bags for even medium and big projects. But the trend is changing for several reasons. "Now, everybody has installed silos and has a big RMC plantat the site, particularly in South Mumbai, where you can see new towers coming up. They go for RMC orders, practically due to space constraints. This is the reason bulk cement has moved there, and this trend will continue," says Nikesh Parekh of Mumbai-based Span Cements, which also deals in paints, construction chemicals and tile adhesives.
For urban supplies and infrastructure projects, bulk supplies are being preferred, so demand for bulk supplies is expected to rise, says Bal, citing the example of Odisha, where bulk cement supplies were almost absent a year ago and gaining prominence of late.
Cement bag go into retail shops, who supply it to small contractors. "With the entry of specialised products like ready-made plasters, tile adhesives, mortars, polymer mortars etc., bag cement in retail will slowly diminish in future. In other developed countries, you do not get loose bag cements." Independent dealers
Few producers sell their goods directly to the final users. But, most use intermediaries to bring their products to market. The latter involves forging marketing channels, which can be described as a set of interdependent organizations that help make a product or service available for use or consumption by the consumer. Hence a company’s channel decisions will have a direct bearing on its marketing success.
There is an apprehension that some independent marketing players could takeover the building material channel operations wholesale in the days to come. There are already a couple of start-ups which are doing this in building materials. Nitin Vyas, Managing Director, Beumer Group says, "I believe that the next step for it would be having a platform for all cement-related industries to become an Uber (online call taxi service) of cement distribution. In the end, the cement producers would be containers, but the interface to the market would be the service companies who are reaching the material to the end customers. And that can’t be stopped."
Even some of the dealers have started guarding against this impending trend though it is not widely prevalent as of now. Span Cements has already started taking orders online from their customers. However, if online orders are accepted by any firm then they may seek payment in advance.
But for that there is no big change in the cement channels. The dealers opt for multiple dealerships for cement, so that they cannot disappoint any customer seeking a particular brand. Single dealerships are a rarity. Dealer-based
Cement is a pure commodity. Most of the cement manufacturers still deal with customers through distributors or dealers. "Though the companies are maintaining accounts of some key customers, the supplies are routed through dealers and distributors. Companies never supply cement directly to anybody. They want to encourage distributors also for insuring their receivables. The companies want to get their payment on time, so dealer will be in between to take care of payments," says Bal of Viraj.
"We have virtually become insurance agent for our principal (manufacturer for their receivables) than a marketing agent, and financier for our customer," Parekh says while explaining the role of cement dealers in the supply chain. For steel sector it is different – there customer pay interest for delayed payment. In steel, direct supply system from manufacturers is still prevalent. As far as sand goes, they have to make the spot payment, because natural sand is a very scarce commodity today. Whatever available is manufactured sand.
Comparing the channels between cement and steel, Bal says, "Another difference is cement has to be consumed within three months from the date of manufacture, hence some dealers push it through credit. That is not the case with steel, which can be stored for a couple of years without erosion in quality, if properly stored."
There is a general consensus among the dealers ICR has contacted about the upward trend in cement prices in the coming months, mostly banking on the pre-election infrastructure boost that will take place in the next 12 months before general elections scheduled for May 2019.
Bal of Viraj is expecting the cement prices to go up to Rs 270 plus GST per bag in the next two quarters from the present level of 230 plus GST in Pune. Even builders are trying to complete their projects at the earliest to cash in on their land banks. The reason is that earlier the building prices were going up rapidly giving hope that the builders can make more money if the project is delayed. Now, there is no such hope. "Now the rise in building/floor price is only 4-5 per cent a year, which is not sustainable if the project is delayed as it does not even cover the incremental interest cost incurred. Besides, input prices are moving up," Bal added.
If there is any hindrance to cement demand growth that is ‘availability of finance’, particularly in the wake of the government swooping down on defaulting companies and bad loans. "Financing has become tight everywhere. We (as dealers) have a certain capacity and I cannot go beyond that or else I will also fall. If any builder calls me and tells me that I can only pay you only a couple of weeks later, I will have to accept it. Otherwise they will stop taking my supplies. As far as payments to companies are concerned, we work on one principle – RTGS in 48 hours."– BS Srinivasalu Reddy

Economy & Market

TSR Will Define Which Cement Companies Win India’s Net-Zero Race

Published

3 days ago

April 27, 2026

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Jignesh Kundaria, Director and CEO, Fornnax Technology

India is simultaneously grappling with two crises: a mounting waste emergency and an urgent need to decarbonise its most carbon-intensive industries. The cement sector, the second-largest in the world and the backbone of the nation’s infrastructure ambitions, sits at the centre of both. It consumes enormous quantities of fossil fuel, and it has the technical capacity to consume something else entirely: the waste our cities cannot get rid of.

According to CPCB and NITI Aayog projections, India generates approximately 62.4 million tonnes of municipal solid waste annually, with that figure expected to reach 165 million tonnes by 2030. Much of this waste is energy-rich and non-recyclable. At the same time, cement kilns operate at material temperatures of approximately 1,450 degrees Celsius, with gas temperatures reaching 2,000 degrees. This high-temperature environment is ideal for co-processing, ensuring the complete thermal destruction of organic compounds without generating toxic residues. The physics are in our favour. The infrastructure is not.

Pre-processing is not the support act for co-processing. It is the main event. Get the particle size wrong, get the moisture wrong, get the calorific value wrong and your kiln thermal stability will suffer the consequences.

The Regulatory Push Is Real

The Solid Waste Management (SWM) Rules 2026 mandate that cement plants progressively replace solid fossil fuels with Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF), starting at a 5 per cent baseline and scaling to 15 per cent within six years. NITI Aayog’s 2026 Roadmap for Cement Sector Decarbonisation targets 20 to 25 per cent Thermal Substitution Rate (TSR) by 2030. Beyond compliance, every tonne of coal replaced by RDF generates measurable carbon reductions which is monetisable under India’s emerging Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS). TSR is no longer a sustainability metric. It is a financial lever.

Yet our own field assessments across multiple Indian cement plants reveal a sobering reality: the primary barrier to scaling AFR adoption is not waste availability. It is the fragmented and under-engineered pre-processing ecosystem that sits between the waste and the kiln.

Why Indian Waste Is a Different Engineering Problem

Indian municipal solid waste is not the material that imported shredding equipment was designed for. Our waste streams frequently exceed 40 per cent to 50 per cent moisture content, particularly during monsoon cycles, saturated with abrasive inerts including sand, glass, and stone. Plants relying on imported OEM equipment face months of downtime awaiting proprietary spare parts. Machines built for segregated, low-moisture waste fail quickly and disrupt the entire pre-processing operation in Indian conditions.

The two most common failures we observe are what I call the biting teeth problem and the chewing teeth problem. Plants relying solely on a primary shredder reduce bulk waste to large fractions, but the output remains too coarse for stable kiln combustion. Others attempt to use a secondary shredder as a standalone unit without a primary stage to pre-size the feed, leading to catastrophic mechanical failure. When both stages are present but mismatched in throughput capacity, the system becomes a bottleneck. Achieving the 40 to 70 tonnes per hour required for meaningful coal displacement demands a precisely coordinated two-stage process.

Engineering a Made-in-India Answer

At Fornnax, our response to these challenges is grounded in one principle: Indian waste demands Indian engineering. Our systems are built around feedstock homogeneity, the holy grail of kiln stability. Consistent particle size and predictable calorific value are the foundation of stable kiln combustion. Without them, no TSR target is achievable at scale.

Our SR-MAX2500 Dual Shaft Primary Shredder (Hydraulic Drive) processes raw, baled, or loosely mixed MSW, C&I waste, bulky waste, and plastics, reducing them to approximately 150 mm fractions at throughputs of up to 40 tonnes per hour. The R-MAX 3300 Single Shaft Secondary Shredder (Hydraulic Drive), introduced in 2025, takes that primary output and produces RDF fractions in the 30 to 80 mm range at up to 30 tonnes per hour, specifically optimised for consistent kiln feeding. We have also introduced electric drive configurations under the SR-100 HD series, with capacities between 5 and 40 tonnes per hour, already operational at a leading Indian waste-processing facility.

Looking ahead, Fornnax is expanding its portfolio with the upcoming SR-MAX3600 Hydraulic Drive primary shredder at up to 70 tonnes per hour and the R-MAX2100 Hydraulic drive secondary shredder at up to 20 tonnes per hour, designed specifically for the large-scale throughput that higher TSR ambitions require.

The Investment Case Is Now

The 2070 Net-Zero target is not a distant goal for India’s cement sector. It starts today, with decisions being made on the plant floor.

The SWM Rules 2026 are already in effect, requiring cement plants to replace coal with RDF. Carbon credit markets are opening up, and coal prices are not going to get cheaper. Every tonne of coal a cement plant replaces with waste-derived fuel saves money on one side and generates carbon credit revenue on the other. Pre-processing infrastructure is no longer just a compliance requirement. It is a business investment with a measurable return.

The good news is that nothing is missing. The technology works. The waste is available in every Indian city. The government has provided the policy direction. The only thing standing between where the industry is today and where it needs to be is the commitment to build the right infrastructure.

The cement companies that move now will not just meet the regulations. They will be ahead of every competitor that waits.

About The Author

Jignesh Kundaria is the Director and CEO of Fornnax Technology. Over an experience spanning more than two decades in the recycling industry, he has established himself as one of India’s foremost voices on waste-to-fuel technology and alternative fuel infrastructure.

Concrete

WCA Welcomes SiloConnect as associate corporate member

Published

3 weeks ago

April 13, 2026

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The World Cement Association (WCA) has announced SiloConnect as its newest associate corporate member, expanding its network of technology providers supporting digitalisation in the cement industry. SiloConnect offers smart sensor technology that provides real-time visibility of cement inventory levels at customer silos, enabling producers to monitor stock remotely and plan deliveries more efficiently. The solution helps companies move from reactive to proactive logistics, improving delivery planning, operational efficiency and safety by reducing manual inspections. The technology is already used by major cement producers such as Holcim, Cemex and Heidelberg Materials and is deployed across more than 30 countries worldwide.

Concrete

TotalEnergies and Holcim Launch Floating Solar Plant in Belgium

Published

3 weeks ago

April 13, 2026

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TotalEnergies and Holcim have commissioned a floating solar power plant in Obourg, Belgium, built on a rehabilitated former chalk quarry that has been converted into a lake. The project has a generation capacity of 31 MW and produces around 30 GWh of renewable electricity annually, which will be used to power Holcim’s nearby industrial operations. The project is currently the largest floating solar installation in Europe dedicated entirely to industrial self-consumption. To ensure minimal impact on the surrounding landscape, more than 700 metres of horizontal directional drilling were used to connect the solar installation to the electrical substation. The project reflects ongoing collaboration between the two companies to support industrial decarbonisation through renewable energy solutions and innovative infrastructure development.