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Economy & Market

Budget Impact | Cement Industry Speaks Out

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Various corporate leaders, analysts and industry associations spoke to INDIAN CEMENT REVIEW after the Union Budget was presented to offer their views on how the recommendations will impact the cement industry.

Dr S Chouksey, President, Cement Manufacturers’ Association
I congratulate the Hon’ble Finance Minister Arun Jaitley on behalf of the Indian cement industry for presenting a Budget which is high on reforms, and will boost the rural economy and uplift the weaker sections of society. The government’s bold steps to usher in poll reforms, curb tax evasion, and the further push to the digital economy are all forward looking. The cement industry is buoyant with the government’s commitment to provide 10 million houses to the homeless or those with kachha houses. The granting of infrastructure status to affordable housing is yet another step which would be looked at positively by the cement industry, though we were expecting the housing sector in general would be granted infrastructure status.

Industry’s concerns on high taxation on the sector, of course, remain and is expected that they will definitely be taken care of while fixing the rates in the GST regime. We welcome the government’s other policy measures, including increasing the fund alloca?tion for infrastructure and particularly that of providing mason trai?ning to 5 lakh persons by 2022. This will increase employment opportu?nities and also bring in more efficiency to the construction sector. The target of 100 per cent rural electrification by April 2018 will bring in development oppor?tunities right up to the core of rural India. Similarly, the thrust on rail mo?dernisation and station redevelopment would also boost the construction sector. This sector has the potential for creation of employment opportunities and the government’s various steps to boost the construction sector will neutralise the unemployment created in some medium and small scale industries due to demonetisation.

Vaibhav Agarwal, Vice President – Research, PhillipCapital
In our opinion, this Budget is the most stru?cturally positive one for the cement sector in the last decade. Although there were no direct announcements by the Finance Minster for the cement sector, a number of his announcements will lead to increased and sustained consumption of cement.

10 million houses by 2019 for the houseless
-This provision will lead to incremental cement demand of ~75 million tonnes over the next two-three years.

100 per cent rural electrification by 1st May 2018
-This implies deeper penetration of development opportunities in rural India in the form of construction of houses and roads; hence a structural positive.

Continued focus on sanitation
-Sanitation coverage in rural India is currently 60 per cent. The budget commentary remained very positive on sanitation projects. In our recent ground checks, we found that sanitation projects are one of the key demand drivers for cement. The continued thrust on such projects will help boost cement demand.

Higher investment in affordable housing and affordable housing being granted ‘Infrastructure’ status will translate into more cement consum?ption for such projects. Grant of infrastructure status means more participation on the supply side by construction companies/contractors/builders and faster execution of such projects.

Fostering a conducive labour environment
Labour issues are one of the key ones in construction projects. Continuous availability of labour is frequently a problem at most sites (most labour is generally migrant). The government’s focus on developing a conducive labour environment will mean labour issues will be sorted out to a large extent, implying smooth execution of projects at construction sites with steady cement consumption. This will also mean the other regular labour concerns for contractors (wages, job benefits) are resolved, which will ameliorate labour migration concerns. In addition, there are a few other announcements in the Budget which will have a positive impact on the industry:

The thrust on rail modernisation/station redevelopment projects and 25 stations going in for redevelopment will lead to material cement consumption.

Similarly, the introduction of the Metro Rail Act and various Metro rail policies will lead to faster and structured execution of such projects, implying better visibility of cement demand.

Further, the Centre has increased investments in the roads sector and 2,000 km of coastal roads have been identified for development. This will lead to more cement demand from road projects. The various airport upgradation/maintenance projects may imply increased cement consumption. Consumption may be even higher if upgradation work involves runways.

Amendment of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881
This was one of the key demands from north Indian channel partners and distributors. Northern India is a largely a cash-and-carry economy and issuing post-dated cheques is a normal practice. Trade associations in these regions had approached the government for these amendments.

With this development, the supply chain should be more comfortable with such instruments. We found north India averse to digital wallets and the swipe machine culture, given the 1-2 per cent transaction charges involved. Change in dynamics of affordable housing (30/60 sq mt carpet from 30/60 sq mt built-up area) would lead to larger sizes of such houses, which in turn will mean higher cement consumption.

The ‘Notional Rent Income’ tax on unsold inventory for builders, post one year of receiving the commencement certificate if such houses remain unsold/unoccupied, will means correction in real estate prices/rentals, implying quicker-than-anticipated (though lower) cash flows to builders. The builder will be able to execute projects faster and transparently, implying better cement demand.

Exemption of capital gains tax where land is being pooled for the creation of Andhra Pradesh’s capital city if the person was holding the land as on 2 June, 2014, implies more transparent and faster execution of the capital city and quicker-than-anticipated cement demand. India Cements will be the key gainer followed by Dalmia Bharat, Ramco and other southern cement companies.

Reduction in holding period for considering capital gains tax to two years from three years and change of base year for indexation to 2001 from 1981 reduces the capital gains tax liability. This will mean quicker decisions in the real-estate markets to buy/sell (as the holding period comes down) and will also prompt builders for faster execution of projects, implying more sustained demand for cement from the real estate sector.

The increase in disposable income by a marginal reduction in tax rates in the Rs 2,50,000-Rs 5,00,000 tax bracket to 5 per cent from 10 per cent is a sentiment booster for those within this bracket, aspiring to buy new houses.

In short, the Budget’s overall impact on the cement sector is positive. All cement companies are winners, especially India Cements, Dalmia Bharat, JK Cement, JK Lakshmi Cement and UltraTech Cement.

Sameer Nagpal, CEO – Refractories, Dalmia Bharat Group
For refractories, which are the backbone for core manufacturing sectors like steel and cement, increase in expenditure allocation, particularly in railways, highways and housing should help build demand. I was expecting more for the manufacturing sector in terms of reforms and some specific measures to safeguard domestic manufacturing from cheaper, unreliable imports and that has not happened. Overall, it is a mixed Budget.

Crisil Research
The Budget has had a positive impact on the cement sector with infrastructure investments and affordable housing to drive demand.

Here are the key Budget proposals:
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) allo?cation increased by 39 per cent to Rs 290 billion;
Allocation from Ministry of Rural Development increased by 10 per cent to Rs 1.05 trillion in FY18;
Investments in cement-intensive infrastructure segments (excluding power) are up 9.8 per cent to Rs 4.2 trillion. The total outlay towards National Highways is at Rs 1.24 trillion, up 11.1 per cent over the previous fiscal’s revised estimates;
Affordable housing to be accorded infrastructure status.

Crisil’s view:
The increased government spending on PMAY will provide an impetus to the housing segment, which has been fairly muted over the last few years. Further, grant of infrastructure status to affordable housing would facilitate easier access to low-cost finance and thereby support demand.
A 9.1 per cent increase in allocation to rural development and 44 per cent rise in PMAY-Gramin is likely to catalyse growth in cement demand from rural housing, which typically constitutes 35 per cent of cement demand.
Further, increased government spending on infrastructure, especially cement-intensive sectors such as National Highways (up by 11.1 per cent), metros (15 per cent ), and other schemes (e.g., Swachh Bharat up by 27 per cent ), will augment cement sales.

Sundeep Kumar, Executive Director – Corporate Affairs & Communications, Dalmia Bharat Group
It is a positive and decisive Budget coming especially against the backdrop of the Government’s boldest measure of demonetisation. The Finance Minister has spelled out a forward-looking regimen for the infrastructure sector with a total allocation of up to Rs 3.96 trillion. Giving industry status will greatly ease financing for affordable housing. With the Metro rail emerging in cities and railway lines of 3,500 km to be commissioned next, along with tier-II city airports, there is a greater scope for public- partnership to thrive, which will aid construction activity and lead to a boom in demand for cement as well.

Further, enhancing expenditure on National Highways will give the much needed fillip to the cement industry. Overall, with a focus on rural and agricultural development, housing, clean energy, elimination of poverty, providing basic necessities to the farmers, waivers for senior citizens in government schemes and a promise of aiding the Skill India and Digital India campaigns, the government has presented an all-inclusive Budget this time around. On tax reforms, there has been no relief or relaxation on corporate tax for larger corporates, which is disappointing.

Shishir Baijal, Chairman & Managing Director, Knight Frank India
This has been one of the path-breaking bud?gets with far-reaching changes, especially for the real estate sector. It is positive that the real estate sector has come in the central spectrum of the Union Budget. This has come at a time when the beleaguered sector has been looking at measures to boost the sentiments. The real estate sector, which was the hardest hit by demonetisation move, will be one of the major beneficiaries of this Budget.

Prudence in fiscal discipline is welcome and will encourage the RBI to look at a lower interest rate regime that will provide the much-needed fillip to this stressed sector. Increased focus on infrastructure, especially construction of new roads, improvement of existing roads and coastal connectivity, will go a long way to benefit the real estate sector.

Increase in allocation of funds under PMAY (Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana) shows the focus of the government towards making ‘Housing for All’ a reality by 2020. Providing infrastructure status to affordable housing, a long-standing demand of the real estate industry, will not only bring the cost of financing down, but will also open up additional avenues for developers to raise funds. We believe that the shift in eligibility criteria for affordable housing from built-up area to carpet area will increase the unit size by 20-30 per cent and will offer home buyers the benefit of owning larger units. This will also encourage leading real estate players to enter the affordable housing segment.

The move to reduce the tenure of the Long Term Capital Gains Tax from three years to two years is extremely welcome and will help the marketability of real estate as an asset class. Changes in the taxation aspect of JDAs (Joint Development Agreements) will greatly encourage more land owners to partner with developers that will benefit the real estate developers, and in turn is likely to benefit the end consumers.

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Economy & Market

Smart Pumping for Rock Blasting

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SEEPEX introduces BN pumps with Smart Joint Access (SJA) to improve efficiency, reliability, and inspection speed in demanding rock blasting operations.
Designed for abrasive and chemical media, the solution supports precise dosing, reduced downtime, and enhanced operational safety.

SEEPEX has introduced BN pumps with Smart Joint Access (SJA), engineered for the reliable and precise transfer of abrasive, corrosive, and chemical media in mining and construction. Designed for rock blasting, the pump features a large inspection opening for quick joint checks, a compact footprint for mobile or skid-mounted installations, and flexible drive and material options for consistent performance and uptime.

“Operators can inspect joints quickly and rely on precise pumping of shear-sensitive and abrasive emulsions,” said Magalie Levray, Global Business Development Manager Mining at SEEPEX. “This is particularly critical in rock blasting, where every borehole counts for productivity.” Industry Context

Rock blasting is essential for extracting hard rock and shaping safe excavation profiles in mining and construction. Accurate and consistent loading of explosive emulsions ensures controlled fragmentation, protects personnel, and maximizes productivity. Even minor deviations in pumping can cause delays or reduce product quality. BN pumps with SJA support routine maintenance and pre-operation checks by allowing fast verification of joint integrity, enabling more efficient operations.

Always Inspection Ready

Smart Joint Access is designed for inspection-friendly operations. The large inspection opening in the suction housing provides direct access to both joints, enabling rapid pre-operation checks while maintaining high operational reliability. Technicians can assess joint condition quickly, supporting continuous, reliable operation.

Key Features

  • Compact Footprint: Fits truck-mounted mobile units, skid-mounted systems, and factory installations.
  • Flexible Drive Options: Compact hydraulic drive or electric drive configurations.
  • Hydraulic Efficiency: Low-displacement design reduces oil requirements and supports low total cost of ownership.
  • Equal Wall Stator Design: Ensures high-pressure performance in a compact footprint.
  • Material Flexibility: Stainless steel or steel housings, chrome-plated rotors, and stators in NBR, EPDM, or FKM.

Operators benefit from shorter inspection cycles, reliable dosing, seamless integration, and fast delivery through framework agreements, helping to maintain uptime in critical rock blasting processes.

Applications – Optimized for Rock Blasting

BN pumps with SJA are designed for mining, tunneling, quarrying, civil works, dam construction, and other sectors requiring precise handling of abrasive or chemical media. They provide robust performance while enabling fast, reliable inspection and maintenance.With SJA, operators can quickly access both joints without disassembly, ensuring emulsions are transferred accurately and consistently. This reduces downtime, preserves product integrity, and supports uniform dosing across multiple bore holes.

With the Smart Joint Access inspection opening, operators can quickly access and assess the condition of both joints without disassembly, enabling immediate verification of pump readiness prior to blast hole loading. This allows operators to confirm that emulsions are transferred accurately and consistently, protecting personnel, minimizing product degradation, and maintaining uniform dosing across multiple bore holes.

The combination of equal wall stator design, compact integration, flexible drives, and progressive cavity pump technology ensures continuous, reliable operation even in space-limited, high-pressure environments.

From Inspection to Operation

A leading explosives provider implemented BN pumps with SJA in open pit and underground operations. By replacing legacy pumps, inspection cycles were significantly shortened, allowing crews to complete pre-operation checks and return mobile units to productive work faster. Direct joint access through SJA enabled immediate verification, consistent emulsion dosing, and reduced downtime caused by joint-related deviations.

“The inspection opening gives immediate confidence that each joint is secure before proceeding to bore holes,” said a site technician. “It allows us to act quickly, keeping blasting schedules on track.”

Framework agreements ensured rapid pump supply and minimal downtime, supporting multi-site operations across continents

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Concrete

Digital process control is transforming grinding

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Satish Maheshwari, Chief Manufacturing Officer, Shree Cement, delves into how digital intelligence is transforming cement grinding into a predictive, stable, and energy-efficient operation.

Grinding sits at the heart of cement manufacturing, accounting for the largest share of electrical energy consumption. In this interview, Satish Maheshwari, Chief Manufacturing Officer, Shree Cement, explains how advanced grinding technologies, data-driven optimisation and process intelligence are transforming mill performance, reducing power consumption and supporting the industry’s decarbonisation goals.

How has the grinding process evolved in Indian cement plants to meet rising efficiency and sustainability expectations?
Over the past decade, Indian cement plants have seen a clear evolution in grinding technology, moving from conventional open-circuit ball mills to high-efficiency closed-circuit systems, Roller Press–Ball Mill combinations and Vertical Roller Mills (VRMs). This shift has been supported by advances in separator design, improved wear-resistant materials, and the growing use of digital process automation. As a result, grinding units today operate as highly controlled manufacturing systems where real-time data, process intelligence and efficient separation work together to deliver stable and predictable performance.
From a sustainability perspective, these developments directly reduce specific power consumption, improve equipment reliability and lower the carbon footprint per tonne of cement produced.

How critical is grinding optimisation in reducing specific power consumption across ball mills and VRMs?
Grinding is the largest consumer of electrical energy in a cement plant, which makes optimisation one of the most effective levers for improving energy efficiency. In ball mill systems, optimisation through correct media selection, charge design, diaphragm configuration, ventilation management and separator tuning can typically deliver power savings of 5 per cent to 8 per cent. In VRMs, fine-tuning airflow balance, grinding pressure, nozzle ring settings, and circulating load can unlock energy reductions in the range of 8 per cent to 12 per cent. Across both systems, sustained operation under stable conditions is critical. Consistency in mill loading and operating parameters improves quality control, reduces wear, and enables long-term energy efficiency, making stability a key operational KPI.

What challenges arise in maintaining consistent cement quality when using alternative raw materials and blended compositions?
The increased use of alternative raw materials and supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) introduces variability in chemistry, moisture, hardness, and loss on ignition. This variability makes it more challenging to maintain consistent fineness, particle size distribution, throughput and downstream performance parameters such as setting time, strength development and workability.
As clinker substitution levels rise, grinding precision becomes increasingly important. Even small improvements in consistency enable higher SCM utilisation without compromising cement performance.
Addressing these challenges requires stronger feed homogenisation, real-time quality monitoring and dynamic adjustment of grinding parameters so that output quality remains stable despite changing input characteristics.

How is digital process control changing the way grinding performance is optimised?
Digital process control is transforming grinding from an operator-dependent activity into a predictive, model-driven operation. Technologies such as online particle size and residue analysers, AI-based optimisation platforms, digital twins for VRMs and Roller Press systems, and advanced process control solutions are redefining how performance is managed.
At the same time, workforce roles are evolving. Operators are increasingly focused on interpreting data trends through digital dashboards and responding proactively rather than relying on manual interventions. Together, these tools improve mill stability, enable faster response to disturbances, maintain consistent fineness, and reduce specific energy consumption while minimising manual effort.

How do you see grinding technologies supporting the industry’s low-clinker and decarbonisation goals?
Modern grinding technologies are central to the industry’s decarbonisation efforts. They enable higher incorporation of SCMs such as fly ash, slag, and limestone, improve particle fineness and reactivity, and reduce overall power consumption. Efficient grinding makes it possible to maintain consistent cement quality at lower clinker factors. Every improvement in energy intensity and particle engineering directly contributes to lower CO2 emissions.
As India moves toward low-carbon construction, precision grinding will remain a foundational capability for delivering sustainable, high-performance cement aligned with national and global climate objectives.

How much potential does grinding optimisation hold for immediate energy
and cost savings?
The potential for near-term savings is substantial. Without major capital investment, most plants can achieve 5 per cent to 15 per cent power reduction through measures such as improving separator efficiency, optimising ventilation, refining media grading, and fine-tuning operating parameters.
With continued capacity expansion across India, advanced optimisation tools will help ensure that productivity gains are not matched by proportional increases in energy demand. Given current power costs, this translates into direct and measurable financial benefits, making grinding optimisation one of the fastest-payback operational initiatives available to cement manufacturers today.

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Concrete

Refractory demands in our kiln have changed

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Radha Singh, Senior Manager (P&Q), Shree Digvijay Cement, points out why performance, predictability and life-cycle value now matter more than routine replacement in cement kilns.

As Indian cement plants push for higher throughput, increased alternative fuel usage and tighter shutdown cycles, refractory performance in kilns and pyro-processing systems is under growing pressure. In this interview, Radha Singh, Senior Manager (P&Q), Shree Digvijay Cement, shares how refractory demands have evolved on the ground and how smarter digital monitoring is improving kiln stability, uptime and clinker quality.

How have refractory demands changed in your kiln and pyro-processing line over the last five years?
Over the last five years, refractory demands in our kiln and pyro line have changed. Earlier, the focus was mostly on standard grades and routine shutdown-based replacement. But now, because of higher production loads, more alternative fuels and raw materials (AFR) usage and greater temperature variation, the expectation from refractory has increased.
In our own case, the current kiln refractory has already completed around 1.5 years, which itself shows how much more we now rely on materials that can handle thermal shock, alkali attack and coating fluctuations. We have moved towards more stable, high-performance linings so that we don’t have to enter the kiln frequently for repairs.
Overall, the shift has been from just ‘installation and run’ to selecting refractories that give longer life, better coating behaviour and more predictable performance under tougher operating conditions.

What are the biggest refractory challenges in the preheater, calciner and cooler zones?
• Preheater: Coating instability, chloride/sulphur cycles and brick erosion.
• Calciner: AFR firing, thermal shock and alkali infiltration.
• Cooler: Severe abrasion, red-river formation and mechanical stress on linings.
Overall, the biggest challenge is maintaining lining stability under highly variable operating conditions.

How do you evaluate and select refractory partners for long-term performance?
In real plant conditions, we don’t select a refractory partner just by looking at price. First, we see their past performance in similar kilns and whether their material has actually survived our operating conditions. We also check how strong their technical support is during shutdowns, because installation quality matters as much as the material itself.
Another key point is how quickly they respond during breakdowns or hot spots. A good partner should be available on short notice. We also look at their failure analysis capability, whether they can explain why a lining failed and suggest improvements.
On top of this, we review the life they delivered in the last few campaigns, their supply reliability and their willingness to offer plant-specific custom solutions instead of generic grades. Only a partner who supports us throughout the life cycle, which includes selection, installation, monitoring and post-failure analysis, fits our long-term requirement.

Can you share a recent example where better refractory selection improved uptime or clinker quality?
Recently, we upgraded to a high-abrasion basic brick at the kiln outlet. Earlier we had frequent chipping and coating loss. With the new lining, thermal stability improved and the coating became much more stable. As a result, our shutdown interval increased and clinker quality remained more consistent. It had a direct impact on our uptime.

How is increased AFR use affecting refractory behaviour?
Increased AFR use is definitely putting more stress on the refractory. The biggest issue we see daily is the rise in chlorine, alkalis and volatiles, which directly attack the lining, especially in the calciner and kiln inlet. AFR firing is also not as stable as conventional fuel, so we face frequent temperature fluctuations, which cause more thermal shock and small cracks in the lining.
Another real problem is coating instability. Some days the coating builds too fast, other days it suddenly drops, and both conditions impact refractory life. We also notice more dust circulation and buildup inside the calciner whenever the AFR mix changes, which again increases erosion.
Because of these practical issues, we have started relying more on alkali-resistant, low-porosity and better thermal shock–resistant materials to handle the additional stress coming from AFR.

What role does digital monitoring or thermal profiling play in your refractory strategy?
Digital tools like kiln shell scanners, IR imaging and thermal profiling help us detect weakening areas much earlier. This reduces unplanned shutdowns, helps identify hotspots accurately and allows us to replace only the critical sections. Overall, our maintenance has shifted from reactive to predictive, improving lining life significantly.

How do you balance cost, durability and installation speed during refractory shutdowns?
We focus on three points:
• Material quality that suits our thermal profile and chemistry.
• Installation speed, in fast turnarounds, we prefer monolithic.
• Life-cycle cost—the cheapest material is not the most economical. We look at durability, future downtime and total cost of ownership.
This balance ensures reliable performance without unnecessary expenditure.

What refractory or pyro-processing innovations could transform Indian cement operations?
Some promising developments include:
• High-performance, low-porosity and nano-bonded refractories
• Precast modular linings to drastically reduce shutdown time
• AI-driven kiln thermal analytics
• Advanced coating management solutions
• More AFR-compatible refractory mixes

These innovations can significantly improve kiln stability, efficiency and maintenance planning across the industry.

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