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LANXESS Advances Pigment Solutions for New-Age Concrete Technologies

Research highlights role of iron oxide pigments in modern concrete systems.

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In comprehensive investigations and weathering tests conducted over the years, iron oxide pigments have demonstrated their suitability for use in various concrete construction materials. Their use in new concrete formulations, however, requires knowledge of construction chemistry and of the interactions between the various constituents of formulations, including the pigments used. With increasing application of new concrete technologies, the relevant influencing factors of pigments are also coming into focus,” says Oliver Fleschentraeger, Technical Service for Construction Materials in the LANXESS Inorganic Pigments Business Area, who gives insights into current projects.

For this reason, colour experts at LANXESS proactively accompany the development of new concrete technologies, with a view to the use and processing of iron oxide pigments in close collaboration with customers, manufacturers of additives and universities. In their work they are supported by an application- engineering construction material laboratory and by a technical center for pigment applications. These facilities enable comprehensive testing and analysis of physical pigment properties and their influence on concrete-specific properties.

Homogenous coloring for self-compacting concretes
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is the material of choice for manufacturing construction elements with highly complex reinforcement – or wherever especially stringent requirements apply for the visual appearance of concrete surfaces and for their haptics. Outstanding flowability and the accompanying self-ventilation of SCC play a decisive role here. These characteristics ensure that SCC surfaces – given proper processing and correct formulation – satisfy the strictest demands of the desired architectural concrete class. They are free of pores and are homogenous. “Some of our customers, however, have experienced cases in which coloration with inorganic pigments is associated with nonhomogeneous coloration,” reports Oliver Fleschentraeger, Technical Service for Construction Materials in the LANXESS Inorganic Pigments Business Unit.

After intensive testing, LANXESS experts determined that the reason for this problem was the use of the plasticizer polycarboxylate ether (PCE). To ensure satisfactory flow characteristics of SCC, it is necessary to adjust the concrete mix of standard formulas. Plasticizers are absolutely necessary to achieve the specified enhancement of concrete-rheological properties. Polycarboxylate ether is frequently used today in such cases. Plasticizers reduce inner friction forces and ensure, when appropriately dosed, the desired properties. But LANXESS experts discovered that the more PCE and water are added to the concrete mix, the greater the problems with pigment coloring. Use of PCE strongly influences the homogenous distribution of iron oxide pigments in the cement paste. This arises from the ettringite phases that are partly enriched on the surface, which lead in turn to massive color deviations.

After comprehensive laboratory analyses, the pigment experts at LANXESS, in collaboration with external institutes, have found a way to optimise SCC formulas and to enable uniform colouring.

Geopolymers instead of cement – a challenge for color pigments
Another example of an ongoing research project at LANXESS is the use of cement-reduced clinker, which can be generated by means of alternative binders. These binders enable less CO2- intensive production than is possible with conventional cement. Possible alternatives include, in addition to the already known alkali-activated materials, the group of geopolymers, to which metakaolin and clay belong. Fleschentraeger explains the problem statement as follows: metakaolin, as well as clay, is a fine material, and the geopolymers produced from it vary as a result of processing with iron oxide pigments. The difference: alkali-activated materials such as granulated blast-furnace slag and ashes are characterized by their pozzolanic properties. These are properties that possess classic CSH reactions (calcium silicate hydrate phases) known to exist in concrete. Owing to their electric potential, the iron oxide pigments can durably bind themselves to the CSH phases that form.

The geopolymers, in contrast, in a kind of condensation reaction, form a network-like structure without charge potential. This results in a negative effect with regard to the durable bond formed by the iron oxide pigment in the concrete. The pigments are then only sterically retarded in the neutral network of the geopolymer reaction and accordingly possess no durable fixation in the concrete. As part of a study, pigment specialists from LANXESS, in collaboration with partners from industry and external institutes, are currently working on a solution for this problem.

Additive production in the concrete industry – 3D print in color
Additive production in the concrete industry – 3D print in color Likewise, color is also becoming a key issue in the relatively young field of 3D-printed concrete applications. “Currently, gray is the predominant color. Well-founded experience on the influence of iron oxide pigments within the context of this process technology is often lacking,” says Fleschentraeger. This is because, in the field of additive production, complex concrete formulations are often used with new additives. Here, too, the following applies: iron oxide pigments, due to their physical and chemical properties, interact with the system.

In a joint project with researchers of TU Dresden, LANXESS is currently investigating the general suitability of its iron oxide pigments for application in layer-to-layer printing processes. The focus of the first, and now completed, research phase was on evaluation of general concrete-specific technological aspects, as well as on properties specifically required for 3D concretes such as flow behavior, curing, compressive strength and setting. TU Dresden performed testing, with commonly used 3D concrete formulations for high resolution 3D printing and for 3D printing with concrete in accordance with DIN specifications. Testing took place with red pigments that LANXESS manufactures by the Laux process developed in-house. “Within the scope of joint research collaboration, these red pigments, due to their colour constancy, color development and homogeneity, demonstrated that they were especially well-suited for production of 3D printable concrete,” reported Fleschentraeger.

Concrete

Cement Makers Reaffirm Commitment to Sustainable Growth

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World Environment Day spotlight on innovation and circularity

On World Environment Day, the Indian cement industry reiterated its commitment to supporting India’s climate ambitions through sustainable manufacturing, resource efficiency and the adoption of cleaner technologies.

The Cement Manufacturers’ Association (CMA) said the sector remains aligned with the Government of India’s Net Zero commitments and is accelerating efforts to reduce its environmental footprint while supporting the country’s infrastructure and development agenda.

Parth Jindal, President, CMA and Managing Director, JSW Cement, said the industry is increasingly adopting cleaner technologies, improving energy efficiency and expanding the use of alternative fuels and raw materials. He also highlighted the growing importance of circular economy practices, where industrial by-products and waste streams from one sector are utilised as resources in another.

“The Indian Cement Industry is aligned to the Government’s commitments on carbon mitigation and is accelerating the adoption of cleaner technologies, resource efficiency and circular economy practices while actively exploring the potential of Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) as a critical pathway for deep decarbonisation,” said Jindal.

He added that coprocessing industrial waste and by-products helps conserve natural resources, reduce disposal requirements and lower the environmental footprint across multiple sectors.

According to Jindal, sustainability is no longer limited to manufacturing processes but is increasingly influencing investment decisions, innovation strategies and long-term growth plans within the industry.

Echoing similar views, Dr Raghavpat Singhania, Vice President, CMA and Managing Director, JK Cement, said sustainable development extends beyond emissions reduction and must also focus on responsible resource utilisation and waste minimisation.

“Sustainability in the built environment cannot be measured by emissions alone. It is equally about how efficiently we use resources, how effectively we minimise waste and how responsibly we create the infrastructure that will serve future generations,” said Singhania.

He noted that the cement industry is advancing its sustainability agenda through greater resource efficiency, increased circularity, technological innovation and continuous improvements in manufacturing practices. As a key contributor to India’s infrastructure development, the sector has a critical role to play in balancing economic growth with environmental responsibility.

On the occasion of World Environment Day, industry leaders reaffirmed their commitment to supporting India’s climate goals while delivering the materials required for resilient, durable and sustainable infrastructure.

 

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Concrete

Building a Greener Future Together

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Environmental sustainability requires immediate action, not just long-term commitments and discussions. Recycling, circular economy practices, and technology-driven waste management can help industries reduce environmental impact while supporting sustainable growth.

Author: Jignesh Kundaria, Director and CEO, Fornnax Technology

World Environment Day serves as an important reminder that environmental sustainability can no longer remain confined to discussions, reports, or long-term commitments. The environmental challenges facing the world today demand immediate, measurable, and collective action. Across industries and communities, waste generation continues to outpace our ability to process it responsibly, placing increasing pressure on ecosystems, natural resources, public health, and the well-being of future generations.

One of the most significant shifts required today is a change in how society perceives waste. Rather than being viewed as a material to be discarded, waste must be recognised as a valuable resource that can contribute to both economic growth and environmental protection when managed through the right technologies and systems. This mindset forms the foundation of the circular economy model that countries across the world are increasingly adopting to reduce landfill dependence, recover valuable materials, and create more sustainable industrial ecosystems.

India has made meaningful progress in strengthening awareness around sustainability, recycling, and environmental responsibility over the past decade. Significant efforts are being made to formalise the recycling sector through improved infrastructure, technology adoption, policy implementation, and broader stakeholder participation. These developments are creating a stronger foundation for responsible waste management and resource recovery across the country.

However, achieving long-term environmental impact requires collaboration from all stakeholders. Industries, policymakers, technology providers, and communities must work together with greater accountability to strengthen recycling ecosystems, encourage responsible waste management practices, and create sustainable outcomes through consistent execution rather than temporary interventions.

As someone closely associated with the recycling industry, I firmly believe that technology will play a decisive role in addressing future environmental challenges. Advanced recycling systems have the potential to recover valuable resources, reduce pollution, minimise landfill burdens, and conserve energy, creating a more sustainable future for generations to come. This belief is deeply reflected in Fornnax’s motto, “Committed to Create a Green Future,” which embodies our commitment to building long-term environmental value through innovation and responsible action.

At the same time, technology alone cannot deliver meaningful change. Real progress requires intent, awareness, participation, and a shared sense of responsibility. Sustainable development can only be achieved when innovation is supported by collective action and a genuine commitment to environmental stewardship.

On this World Environment Day, let us move beyond conversations and take meaningful steps towards creating a cleaner, greener, and more sustainable planet. By embracing innovation, strengthening recycling ecosystems, and acting responsibly today, we can create lasting environmental impact and secure a better future for generations to come.

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Concrete

JK Lakshmi Advances LC3 Cement Expansion

Company highlights commercial production and research partnerships

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The meeting reviewed progress in limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) technology and its commercial adoption in India’s cement sector, focusing on low-carbon alternatives to conventional binders. JK Lakshmi Cement noted that limestone calcined clay cement can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by up to 40 per cent compared with conventional cement and said this reduction supports industry decarbonisation. The company highlighted that it was among the first two cement manufacturers in India to move LC3 into commercial production after the Bureau of Indian Standards approved the technology as a cement standard.

Vinita Singhania said the transition of LC3 from research to commercial production reflected collaboration between industry, academia and international institutions. Maya Tissafi acknowledged JK Lakshmi Cement’s role in advancing LC3 adoption in India and its contribution in taking the technology from laboratory trials to commercial implementation. Both representatives underlined the growing relevance of sustainable construction materials as India expands infrastructure and urban development.

The meeting explored continued collaboration with Swiss research institutions such as EPFL, EMPA and ETH Zurich alongside Indian academic partners and development organisations. JK Lakshmi Cement has been associated with the LC3 initiative since 2014 and worked with EPFL, IIT Delhi, IIT Madras, Development Alternatives and Technology and Action for Rural Advancement. The company conducted one of the earliest industrial trials of LC3 and recently announced commercial production of Green Pro LC3 cement from its Jaykaypuram plant in Rajasthan.

India remains the world’s second-largest cement producer and expansion of infrastructure, urbanisation and housing demand continue to support long-term sector growth, increasing interest in low-carbon technologies. The company reported an annual turnover of more than Rupees (Rs) 60 bn and current cement capacity of about 18 million (mn) tonnes (t) per annum, with a target of reaching 30 million (mn) tonnes (t) by 2030. Apart from grey cement, the company also makes ready-mix concrete, gypsum plaster, wall putty, primers, adhesives and fly ash blocks, and both sides concluded on the need for continued collaboration to develop sustainable construction solutions.

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