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Output soars on statistical base effect

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The core sector data should not be taken at face value as they come over unusual circumstances in 2020. A better way would be to compare over March even though there are seasonal influences.

In April 2021, the eight core sectors registered a double-digit output growth of 56.1 per cent compared with 11.4 per cent growth in March 2021. The high growth in output can be attributed to a low base effect (-37.9 per cent in April 2020) as the nation-wide lockdown imposed last year brought production activities to a standstill resulting in huge output losses. The expansion in April has been led by an exponential growth in output of steel and cement. All sectors except crude oil have witnessed positive growth during the month.

However, the core sector output has been lower by 15.1 per cent in April 2021 over the March 2021 level with a broad-based contraction across all segments on a month-on-month basis. For March 2021, the core sector growth has been revised upwards from 6.8 (prov.) to 11.4 per cent (first revision) on account of improved coal production.

Key highlights

Coal production rose to a six-month high of 9.5 per cent in April 2021, higher than 0.3 per cent in March 2021 and -15.5 per cent in April 2020. However, coal production was lower sequentially in April 2021 compared with March 2021. The second wave of Covid-19 pandemic impacted production of coal as large number of employees tested positive for virus in state-run CIL.

Crude oil production witnessed a de-growth of 2.1 per cent in April 2021 compared with -6.4 per cent growth in the corresponding month last year. This fall can be ascribed to the less than planned contribution from workover wells, drilling wells and old wells by government owned oil companies. Production by private/joint venture companies was marginally lower on YoY basis, due to few wells being under maintenance, and some not producing due to possible casing damage, snapped/unscrewed sucker rod string and unavailability of effective demulsifier.

Natural gas production rose by 25 per cent in April 2021 as against a contraction of 19.9 per cent in April 2020 as output from fields operated by the private sector and joint ventures tripled and bulk of this came from eastern offshore fields. However, production by ONGC was flattish during the month.

Refinery production was in the positive territory for the first time in 13 successive months. Output in this segment grew by 30.9 per cent in April 2021 as against negative growth of 24.2 per cent in April 2020. Of these, major products that witnessed a rise in production during the month were LPG, Naptha, petrol, petcoke, bitumen, while products that saw a fall in production were superior kerosene oil and furnace oil.

Fertilisers production in April 2021 grew by 1.7 per cent over -4.5 per cent in the corresponding month last year. This lower output growth is reflective of the limited impact of coronavirus led disruptions on this segment in April 2020. Fertilizers production in April was 5.4 per cent lower when compared to March as the demand for fertilizers did not pick up because Kharif sowing doesn?? start in April.

Steel output saw exponential growth of 400 per cent in April 2021 compared with negative growth of 82.8 per cent in April 2020. However, sequentially steel production fell by 20.6 per cent. The rising coronavirus cases across the country, labour exodus and the diversion of liquid oxygen to hospitals for coronavirus patients impacted steel production during April 2021.

Cement production on a year-on-year basis increased by 548.8 per cent in April 2021 over -85.2 per cent April 2020. Monthly cement production declined by 15.2 per cent in April 2021 compared to March 2021 as the uptick seen in infrastructure and construction activities since H2-FY21 witnessed a slowdown due to recent spike in Covid-19 cases and subsequent imposition of localised restrictions from April 2021. Even the rural demand that had aided growth in demand last year seems to be affected by the second wave of Covid-19.

Electricity production increased by 38.7 per cent in April 2021, higher than 22.5 per cent in the previous month and -22.9 per cent in the corresponding month last year primarily on account of a low base effect as demand for electricity from the commercial sector was dampened by the disruption in economic activities in April last year. The growth in output witnessed in this segment during the month is the highest in the new series with the base year 2011-12.

CARE Ratings??View

As expected the core output for April 2021 has been elevated on the back of a statistical base effect. The trend is likely to continue in the months ahead owing to output disruptions of May 2020 and slow pick-up in production following resumption of economic activities in June and July last year. The index of industrial production for April 2021 is likely to be high given the double-digit contraction of 57.3 per cent witnessed in the corresponding month last year.

Courtesy: CARE Ratings

ABOUT THE AUTHOR:

Akanksha Bhende, Associate Economist with CARE Ratings.

Disclaimer: This report is prepared by CARE Ratings. CARE Ratings has taken utmost care to ensure accuracy and objectivity while developing this report based on information available in public domain. However, neither the accuracy nor completeness of information contained in this report is guaranteed. CARE Ratings is not responsible for any errors or omissions in analysis/inferences/views or for results obtained from the use of information contained in this report and especially states that CARE Ratings has no financial liability whatsoever to the user of this report.

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Concrete

Cement Makers Reaffirm Commitment to Sustainable Growth

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World Environment Day spotlight on innovation and circularity

On World Environment Day, the Indian cement industry reiterated its commitment to supporting India’s climate ambitions through sustainable manufacturing, resource efficiency and the adoption of cleaner technologies.

The Cement Manufacturers’ Association (CMA) said the sector remains aligned with the Government of India’s Net Zero commitments and is accelerating efforts to reduce its environmental footprint while supporting the country’s infrastructure and development agenda.

Parth Jindal, President, CMA and Managing Director, JSW Cement, said the industry is increasingly adopting cleaner technologies, improving energy efficiency and expanding the use of alternative fuels and raw materials. He also highlighted the growing importance of circular economy practices, where industrial by-products and waste streams from one sector are utilised as resources in another.

“The Indian Cement Industry is aligned to the Government’s commitments on carbon mitigation and is accelerating the adoption of cleaner technologies, resource efficiency and circular economy practices while actively exploring the potential of Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) as a critical pathway for deep decarbonisation,” said Jindal.

He added that coprocessing industrial waste and by-products helps conserve natural resources, reduce disposal requirements and lower the environmental footprint across multiple sectors.

According to Jindal, sustainability is no longer limited to manufacturing processes but is increasingly influencing investment decisions, innovation strategies and long-term growth plans within the industry.

Echoing similar views, Dr Raghavpat Singhania, Vice President, CMA and Managing Director, JK Cement, said sustainable development extends beyond emissions reduction and must also focus on responsible resource utilisation and waste minimisation.

“Sustainability in the built environment cannot be measured by emissions alone. It is equally about how efficiently we use resources, how effectively we minimise waste and how responsibly we create the infrastructure that will serve future generations,” said Singhania.

He noted that the cement industry is advancing its sustainability agenda through greater resource efficiency, increased circularity, technological innovation and continuous improvements in manufacturing practices. As a key contributor to India’s infrastructure development, the sector has a critical role to play in balancing economic growth with environmental responsibility.

On the occasion of World Environment Day, industry leaders reaffirmed their commitment to supporting India’s climate goals while delivering the materials required for resilient, durable and sustainable infrastructure.

 

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Concrete

Building a Greener Future Together

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Environmental sustainability requires immediate action, not just long-term commitments and discussions. Recycling, circular economy practices, and technology-driven waste management can help industries reduce environmental impact while supporting sustainable growth.

Author: Jignesh Kundaria, Director and CEO, Fornnax Technology

World Environment Day serves as an important reminder that environmental sustainability can no longer remain confined to discussions, reports, or long-term commitments. The environmental challenges facing the world today demand immediate, measurable, and collective action. Across industries and communities, waste generation continues to outpace our ability to process it responsibly, placing increasing pressure on ecosystems, natural resources, public health, and the well-being of future generations.

One of the most significant shifts required today is a change in how society perceives waste. Rather than being viewed as a material to be discarded, waste must be recognised as a valuable resource that can contribute to both economic growth and environmental protection when managed through the right technologies and systems. This mindset forms the foundation of the circular economy model that countries across the world are increasingly adopting to reduce landfill dependence, recover valuable materials, and create more sustainable industrial ecosystems.

India has made meaningful progress in strengthening awareness around sustainability, recycling, and environmental responsibility over the past decade. Significant efforts are being made to formalise the recycling sector through improved infrastructure, technology adoption, policy implementation, and broader stakeholder participation. These developments are creating a stronger foundation for responsible waste management and resource recovery across the country.

However, achieving long-term environmental impact requires collaboration from all stakeholders. Industries, policymakers, technology providers, and communities must work together with greater accountability to strengthen recycling ecosystems, encourage responsible waste management practices, and create sustainable outcomes through consistent execution rather than temporary interventions.

As someone closely associated with the recycling industry, I firmly believe that technology will play a decisive role in addressing future environmental challenges. Advanced recycling systems have the potential to recover valuable resources, reduce pollution, minimise landfill burdens, and conserve energy, creating a more sustainable future for generations to come. This belief is deeply reflected in Fornnax’s motto, “Committed to Create a Green Future,” which embodies our commitment to building long-term environmental value through innovation and responsible action.

At the same time, technology alone cannot deliver meaningful change. Real progress requires intent, awareness, participation, and a shared sense of responsibility. Sustainable development can only be achieved when innovation is supported by collective action and a genuine commitment to environmental stewardship.

On this World Environment Day, let us move beyond conversations and take meaningful steps towards creating a cleaner, greener, and more sustainable planet. By embracing innovation, strengthening recycling ecosystems, and acting responsibly today, we can create lasting environmental impact and secure a better future for generations to come.

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Concrete

Dalmia Bharat Acquires Jaiprakash Associates Cement Assets for ₹2,850 Crore

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Dalmia Cement executed a Business Transfer Agreement with Jaiprakash Associates and Adani Infra, to acquire 5.2 MnTPA of cement capacity across Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.

Dalmia Cement (Bharat) announced on May 22, 2026 that it had signed a Business Transfer Agreement with Jaiprakash Associates Limited and Adani Infra (India) Limited for the acquisition of cement plants located at Rewa in Madhya Pradesh and Churk, Chunar and Sadwa in Uttar Pradesh. The deal was struck at an enterprise value of ₹2,850 crore and is expected to close within two weeks of execution.

The acquired assets from Jaiprakash Associates include 5.2 MnTPA of cement capacity and 3.3 MnTPA of clinker capacity. The package also covers 99 MW of thermal power capacity and railway sidings at Rewa, Chunar, and a common siding at Churk. This infrastructure gives the acquisition immediate operational utility beyond just production tonnage.

The transaction has a long backstory. Dalmia Cement had originally entered into a framework agreement with Jaiprakash Associates in December 2022, covering the sale of these business assets along with a long-term clinker supply arrangement. However, before the deal could be completed, Jaiprakash Associates was admitted to insolvency proceedings under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code. The earlier agreements could not be consummated as a result.

In an official statement, Puneet Dalmia, Managing Director & CEO, Dalmia Bharat, said, “I am very excited about addition of these assets in our portfolio. This serves as a great strategic fit for Dalmia. It helps us move forward in our journey to be a pan India player and provide a strong head start to serve the high potential markets in Central region. I am optimistic that the expansion potential of these assets along with close proximity with Dalmia’s captive mines will help us create a capacity hub for the future”.

Following the approval of Adani Group’s resolution plan for Jaiprakash Associates under the IBC framework, Dalmia approached the new management to revive discussions. The fresh Business Transfer Agreement was executed to settle all pending disputes, legal proceedings, and arbitration matters arising from the original framework agreement with Jaiprakash Associates.

Expanding market reach

Dalmia added, “Our familiarity with these assets under the earlier tolling arrangement gives us a deep understanding of the facilities and helps us establish strong connect with channel partners and vendors. We believe that this will help us in faster ramp up of capacities and quicker inroads into the market. As we look forward, I am very confident that we will be able to leverage the strengths of Dalmia to operate these assets in a manner where we can maximise value creation for all our stakeholders.”

With the addition of these plants, Dalmia Bharat’s total installed cement capacity will rise to 54.7 MnTPA upon consummation. The company has further expansion projects underway at Belgaum, Pune, and Kadapa, which are expected to take overall capacity to 66.7 MnTPA by Q2 to Q3 FY28.

The Central India location of the Jaiprakash Associates plants gives Dalmia Bharat faster access to markets in Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh than a greenfield build would have allowed. The company also cited debottlenecking and brownfield expansion as near-term opportunities at the acquired sites. Dalmia Bharat said the assets were expected to contribute positively to EBITDA and overall returns, given the pricing environment in the region and the company’s cost structure.

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