Economy & Market
Make in Steel 2020 seeks forging of stronger ties for growth
Published
6 years agoon
By
admin
Given the long-term pipeline of infrastructure projects in India, the growth opportunity for the country’s steel sector is immense. But as it looks towards future expansion, the industry also needs to collaborate as well as imbibe new technologies and best practices to become a truly global force.
Collaboration, adoption of new technologies and focus on sustainable manufacturing practices will enable the Indian steel industry to become a global force, a cross-section of industry experts averred at the third edition of Make in Steel conference in New Delhi in February.
They also said that given the country’s need for new infrastructure projects and consistent GDP growth, the opportunities that would be created for all stakeholders were humongous.
Guest of honour, AK Khandelwal, Executive Director (TKMC), Railway Board, explained that developments like electrification of railways lines, construction of pedestrian bridges, and the introduction of high-speed railway and complete mechanisation of maintenance-related work will all create a huge business opportunity. For instance, the Railways order for maintenance equipment is alone estimated to cost Rs 120 billion.
"There is a huge market and we are planning an investment of Rs 8.5 trillion on infrastructure development at the Indian Railways over the next five years. This would need a lot of steel. At least 20 million tonnes (MT) of new rakes will be required annually. This would also need some high-grade steel. About 7 MT of steel will be required for building wagons, coaches and other infrastructure," informed Khandelwal.
According to some estimates, the public sector transporter directly or indirectly consumes up to 15 per cent of the total steel produced in the country. While sounding caution in the backdrop of the ongoing US-China war and Coronavirus pandemic, N Sainathan, Chief Sales Manager (North India), Tata Steel, called for teamwork within the industry.
"For this industry to grow every participant in the value chain needs to elevate their role to become more efficient and value accretive. I would like to take the example of the automobile industry, which 20 years ago used to import 30-40 per cent of its steel because the domestic industry was unable to provide the desired quality or service. But today that has reduced to less than 5 per cent. This has been made possible by the partnership between the steel companies and automakers," he opined.
Need to standardise
The experts also agreed that despite overtaking Japan to become the world’s number two steelmaker, India’s steel sector needed to address a multitude of challenges. One of the priority areas for the country was to significantly encourage domestic steel consumption. The share of steel-based construction in India is around 10 per cent while in the developed Western economies it hovers at nearly 80 per cent.
The forum also raised the demand for the rollout of a proper code for steel-intensive buildings. In this regard, speakers said that China’s much-acclaimed feat of constructing a 1,000-bed hospital for coronavirus patients in a matter of days was made possible only due to the successful implementation of such a framework there.
V Suresh, Chief General Manager & Regional Manager (Northern Region), Steel Authority of India (SAIL), said that the sector played a critical role in not only GDP growth but also job creation. "The steel industry is an important constituent in the growth and development of an economy. The performance of the steel industry has a major bearing on industry segments such as infrastructure, construction, peripherals, etc., with the multiplier effect of 1.4 times on the GDP. But the greater impact comes from employment generation, where the multiplier effect is around 6.8," he emphasised.
He felt that the low percentage use of steel in housing and other construction was attributable to the inability to both provide as well as accurately gauge the quantity and quality of steel required in such construction. He sought for immediate revision of BIS 800 code regarding the use of steel in construction to also include high-grade steels.
"The other issue is about the design part. There is somehow a mismatch between what we can produce, what we intend to produce and what is required by the industry. Although architects and designers appreciate that steel-intensive construction is the way forward, there is reluctance due to various reasons such as availability and acceptance by the end-user. So, there is a need for us to have a forum and, perhaps, Make in Steel can help us in this regard to some extent," added Suresh.
Hervinder Singh, President & Business Unit Head Long Products, Jindal Steel & Power, made a forceful pitch for a cleaner steel industry through the use of cleaner and greener technologies that helped in curbing pollution and prevent wastage of resources.
"The focus should be on making quality steel of higher strength through a cost-effective production process," he opined.
Welcoming the delegates to the conference, Pratap Padode, President and Founder, First Construction Council (FCC), said, "The year has begun on a tumultuous note. But I think through challenges also emerge top stories. When some of the leading multinationals and foreign companies come here for the first time, they don’t look at the chaos. They look at the opportunities. Because if everything were hunky-dory, why would there be a need for new infrastructure or new buildings?" FCC, which had organised the event, is an infrastructure think tank dedicated to serving the causes and needs of the Indian construction sector. It was established in 2003.
Two panel discussions, "Smart Steel for Smart Urbanisation: New Products and Dimensions in Steel"and "Growing Use of Stainless Steel", were also organised during the day-long conference. Panelists included Arun Sahai, COO, Ahluwalia Contracts; Rajiv Nehru, Director Product Development & Training, RICS South Asia; Mili Majumdar, Managing Director, GBCI India; S Krishnakumar, CEO Building Solutions, Everest Industries; Sahil Agarwal, Senior Technologist, Tata Steel; Debashis Dutta, Structural Engineer, Institute for Steel Development & Growth; and NK Vijayvargia, Consultant, Indian Stainless Steel Development Association.
The report "TMT ReBar: A Key Pillar in Indian Infrastructure" was also released at 2020 Make in Steel conference. This one-of-its-kind analysis on reinforcement bars-also called thermo-mechanically treated (TMT) bars-has come to be regarded as an important study in its segment.
– MANISH PANT
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Rock blasting is essential for extracting hard rock and shaping safe excavation profiles in mining and construction. Accurate and consistent loading of explosive emulsions ensures controlled fragmentation, protects personnel, and maximizes productivity. Even minor deviations in pumping can cause delays or reduce product quality. BN pumps with SJA support routine maintenance and pre-operation checks by allowing fast verification of joint integrity, enabling more efficient operations.
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Concrete
Digital process control is transforming grinding
Published
3 weeks agoon
February 20, 2026By
admin
Satish Maheshwari, Chief Manufacturing Officer, Shree Cement, delves into how digital intelligence is transforming cement grinding into a predictive, stable, and energy-efficient operation.
Grinding sits at the heart of cement manufacturing, accounting for the largest share of electrical energy consumption. In this interview, Satish Maheshwari, Chief Manufacturing Officer, Shree Cement, explains how advanced grinding technologies, data-driven optimisation and process intelligence are transforming mill performance, reducing power consumption and supporting the industry’s decarbonisation goals.
How has the grinding process evolved in Indian cement plants to meet rising efficiency and sustainability expectations?
Over the past decade, Indian cement plants have seen a clear evolution in grinding technology, moving from conventional open-circuit ball mills to high-efficiency closed-circuit systems, Roller Press–Ball Mill combinations and Vertical Roller Mills (VRMs). This shift has been supported by advances in separator design, improved wear-resistant materials, and the growing use of digital process automation. As a result, grinding units today operate as highly controlled manufacturing systems where real-time data, process intelligence and efficient separation work together to deliver stable and predictable performance.
From a sustainability perspective, these developments directly reduce specific power consumption, improve equipment reliability and lower the carbon footprint per tonne of cement produced.
How critical is grinding optimisation in reducing specific power consumption across ball mills and VRMs?
Grinding is the largest consumer of electrical energy in a cement plant, which makes optimisation one of the most effective levers for improving energy efficiency. In ball mill systems, optimisation through correct media selection, charge design, diaphragm configuration, ventilation management and separator tuning can typically deliver power savings of 5 per cent to 8 per cent. In VRMs, fine-tuning airflow balance, grinding pressure, nozzle ring settings, and circulating load can unlock energy reductions in the range of 8 per cent to 12 per cent. Across both systems, sustained operation under stable conditions is critical. Consistency in mill loading and operating parameters improves quality control, reduces wear, and enables long-term energy efficiency, making stability a key operational KPI.
What challenges arise in maintaining consistent cement quality when using alternative raw materials and blended compositions?
The increased use of alternative raw materials and supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) introduces variability in chemistry, moisture, hardness, and loss on ignition. This variability makes it more challenging to maintain consistent fineness, particle size distribution, throughput and downstream performance parameters such as setting time, strength development and workability.
As clinker substitution levels rise, grinding precision becomes increasingly important. Even small improvements in consistency enable higher SCM utilisation without compromising cement performance.
Addressing these challenges requires stronger feed homogenisation, real-time quality monitoring and dynamic adjustment of grinding parameters so that output quality remains stable despite changing input characteristics.
How is digital process control changing the way grinding performance is optimised?
Digital process control is transforming grinding from an operator-dependent activity into a predictive, model-driven operation. Technologies such as online particle size and residue analysers, AI-based optimisation platforms, digital twins for VRMs and Roller Press systems, and advanced process control solutions are redefining how performance is managed.
At the same time, workforce roles are evolving. Operators are increasingly focused on interpreting data trends through digital dashboards and responding proactively rather than relying on manual interventions. Together, these tools improve mill stability, enable faster response to disturbances, maintain consistent fineness, and reduce specific energy consumption while minimising manual effort.
How do you see grinding technologies supporting the industry’s low-clinker and decarbonisation goals?
Modern grinding technologies are central to the industry’s decarbonisation efforts. They enable higher incorporation of SCMs such as fly ash, slag, and limestone, improve particle fineness and reactivity, and reduce overall power consumption. Efficient grinding makes it possible to maintain consistent cement quality at lower clinker factors. Every improvement in energy intensity and particle engineering directly contributes to lower CO2 emissions.
As India moves toward low-carbon construction, precision grinding will remain a foundational capability for delivering sustainable, high-performance cement aligned with national and global climate objectives.
How much potential does grinding optimisation hold for immediate energy
and cost savings?
The potential for near-term savings is substantial. Without major capital investment, most plants can achieve 5 per cent to 15 per cent power reduction through measures such as improving separator efficiency, optimising ventilation, refining media grading, and fine-tuning operating parameters.
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Concrete
Refractory demands in our kiln have changed
Published
3 weeks agoon
February 20, 2026By
admin
Radha Singh, Senior Manager (P&Q), Shree Digvijay Cement, points out why performance, predictability and life-cycle value now matter more than routine replacement in cement kilns.
As Indian cement plants push for higher throughput, increased alternative fuel usage and tighter shutdown cycles, refractory performance in kilns and pyro-processing systems is under growing pressure. In this interview, Radha Singh, Senior Manager (P&Q), Shree Digvijay Cement, shares how refractory demands have evolved on the ground and how smarter digital monitoring is improving kiln stability, uptime and clinker quality.
How have refractory demands changed in your kiln and pyro-processing line over the last five years?
Over the last five years, refractory demands in our kiln and pyro line have changed. Earlier, the focus was mostly on standard grades and routine shutdown-based replacement. But now, because of higher production loads, more alternative fuels and raw materials (AFR) usage and greater temperature variation, the expectation from refractory has increased.
In our own case, the current kiln refractory has already completed around 1.5 years, which itself shows how much more we now rely on materials that can handle thermal shock, alkali attack and coating fluctuations. We have moved towards more stable, high-performance linings so that we don’t have to enter the kiln frequently for repairs.
Overall, the shift has been from just ‘installation and run’ to selecting refractories that give longer life, better coating behaviour and more predictable performance under tougher operating conditions.
What are the biggest refractory challenges in the preheater, calciner and cooler zones?
• Preheater: Coating instability, chloride/sulphur cycles and brick erosion.
• Calciner: AFR firing, thermal shock and alkali infiltration.
• Cooler: Severe abrasion, red-river formation and mechanical stress on linings.
Overall, the biggest challenge is maintaining lining stability under highly variable operating conditions.
How do you evaluate and select refractory partners for long-term performance?
In real plant conditions, we don’t select a refractory partner just by looking at price. First, we see their past performance in similar kilns and whether their material has actually survived our operating conditions. We also check how strong their technical support is during shutdowns, because installation quality matters as much as the material itself.
Another key point is how quickly they respond during breakdowns or hot spots. A good partner should be available on short notice. We also look at their failure analysis capability, whether they can explain why a lining failed and suggest improvements.
On top of this, we review the life they delivered in the last few campaigns, their supply reliability and their willingness to offer plant-specific custom solutions instead of generic grades. Only a partner who supports us throughout the life cycle, which includes selection, installation, monitoring and post-failure analysis, fits our long-term requirement.
Can you share a recent example where better refractory selection improved uptime or clinker quality?
Recently, we upgraded to a high-abrasion basic brick at the kiln outlet. Earlier we had frequent chipping and coating loss. With the new lining, thermal stability improved and the coating became much more stable. As a result, our shutdown interval increased and clinker quality remained more consistent. It had a direct impact on our uptime.
How is increased AFR use affecting refractory behaviour?
Increased AFR use is definitely putting more stress on the refractory. The biggest issue we see daily is the rise in chlorine, alkalis and volatiles, which directly attack the lining, especially in the calciner and kiln inlet. AFR firing is also not as stable as conventional fuel, so we face frequent temperature fluctuations, which cause more thermal shock and small cracks in the lining.
Another real problem is coating instability. Some days the coating builds too fast, other days it suddenly drops, and both conditions impact refractory life. We also notice more dust circulation and buildup inside the calciner whenever the AFR mix changes, which again increases erosion.
Because of these practical issues, we have started relying more on alkali-resistant, low-porosity and better thermal shock–resistant materials to handle the additional stress coming from AFR.
What role does digital monitoring or thermal profiling play in your refractory strategy?
Digital tools like kiln shell scanners, IR imaging and thermal profiling help us detect weakening areas much earlier. This reduces unplanned shutdowns, helps identify hotspots accurately and allows us to replace only the critical sections. Overall, our maintenance has shifted from reactive to predictive, improving lining life significantly.
How do you balance cost, durability and installation speed during refractory shutdowns?
We focus on three points:
• Material quality that suits our thermal profile and chemistry.
• Installation speed, in fast turnarounds, we prefer monolithic.
• Life-cycle cost—the cheapest material is not the most economical. We look at durability, future downtime and total cost of ownership.
This balance ensures reliable performance without unnecessary expenditure.
What refractory or pyro-processing innovations could transform Indian cement operations?
Some promising developments include:
• High-performance, low-porosity and nano-bonded refractories
• Precast modular linings to drastically reduce shutdown time
• AI-driven kiln thermal analytics
• Advanced coating management solutions
• More AFR-compatible refractory mixes
These innovations can significantly improve kiln stability, efficiency and maintenance planning across the industry.
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