Concrete

Promoting a circular economy is the key

Published

4 years ago

July 18, 2022

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Prakhar Shrivastava, Corporate Quality, JK Cement, sheds light on the use of automation and sustainability in processing gypsum.

Explain the role of gypsum in the cement manufacturing process?
Gypsum plays a crucial role in manufacturing cement. It is used to delay cement setting by slowing down the reaction of mixing cement with water to prevent rapid hardening of cement and increase its workability for construction. Gypsum enhances cement strength at all ages. If we grind the clinker without gypsum, then the cement will set immediately after mixing with water and the strength development will be lesser.

What are the proportions of gypsum that are added in various types of cements produced? Tell us in details of the composition and percentage.
Presently different types of gypsum are available and are being added to meet the SO3 in cement, like mineral gypsum, chemical, phospho, marine gypsum, anhydrite, FGD and synthetic gypsum. The composition and percentage depend on the chemistry of clinker and gypsum to adhere to the desired SO3 target in cement. Normally the percentage addition of gypsum is 5 to 8 in cement mix as per gypsum quality and its availability. Few gypsums, which have higher purity above 85 per cent like imported mineral, anhydrite and phospho gypsum usage are less, whereas, Indian mineral gypsum having purity <40 per cent required higher percentage usage to meet the SO3 requirement.

Tell us about the process of obtaining gypsum by your organisation. What are the key resources utilised?
The different sources of gypsum and vendors are identified by our central procurement team. After getting the test report and sample from the supplier, and its testing in our laboratories then clearance by the QC team about the desired quality of gypsum, the procurement of bulk quantity of gypsum gets initiated. The gypsum is transported by road and rail to the plant. The receipt quality and quantity of gypsum is continuously monitored and if any deviation is found, it is immediately informed to the procurement team as well as the vendor. After this, the gypsum is used to feed into the hopper by Raw material handling equipment (eg. JCB, Payloader etc.) and its usage control through a weight feeder from CCR (central control room) to get the desired SO3 level according to the product requirement during the cement manufacturing process.

Tell us about the key technical feasibility factors that make gypsum viable for mixing with cement.
The size, purity, P2O5, chloride and moisture content of gypsum are the key technical feasibility factors that make gypsum viable for its usages. High moisture content and powdery gypsum are a major concern during cement production whereas the dry and adequate size gypsum is easy to use.
Similarly, low purity gypsum required higher usage to meet the SO3 requirement in cement resulted in increased insoluble residue (IR), which affected the product quality and also the fly ash addition in PPC. To consume such a low purity gypsum requirement of high purity gypsums like imported mineral gypsum to meet the SO3 and IR requirement which is not a cost effective solution.
Phospho gypsum has higher P2O5, which causes delay in the setting of cement and lesser early days compressive strength. Hence, it is mandatory to use it in a very controlled manner by blending it with other available gypsums to meet the product quality requirement.

What is the preparation or processing required to make gypsum ready to mix with the clinker?
Presently, preparation or processing of the different types of gypsum is done by handling equipment manually (eg. loader, dozer and JCB, etc.) as per recommended target and quality. Mixed gypsum is then fed to a separate hopper and controlled by a weight feeder and a controlled quantity of gypsum is mixed with clinker in the cement grinding process.
A more suitable solution to prepare uniform gypsum is to mix it separately before feeding
by blending various types of gypsums through
multi hoppers and controlled dosage to get targeted gypsum quality.

How does automation help in obtaining this mineral and increasing productivity of the unit?
The automation gives a timely update about the whole process to track the status and progress of procured material which saves time and avoids delays in procurement. It also helps to increase efficiency by fast process, productivity, growth and profitability of the organisation.
In all our units, the LIMs System has been implemented. All the quality test equipment is linked with the LIMs software and test results are directly transferred in LIMs and SAP. The quality analysis results of each type of gypsum and vendor wise are available in the automation system which helps to identify the deviation and consistency in quality thereby reducing error and confusion.

What are the sustainability measures taken by your organisation in obtaining and processing the desired quality of gypsum?
As part of our sustainability goals we have taken significant measures to replace natural or mineral gypsum with industrial waste. All our manufacturing units are utilising available industrial waste such as chemical gypsum, anhydrite gypsum, FGD, synthetic gypsum etc.
Blending of mineral gypsum with industrial waste as an economical and sustainable solution to replace natural minerals. Promoting a circular economy is our key pillar of the sustainability journey to reduce the environmental impact of our product by replacing natural resource consumption with industrial wastes which in turn has reduced our dependency on natural resources and is economical as well. It benefits our business, society and the environment by eliminating waste and decoupling our growth from the consumption of natural resources.

What are the major challenges faced in handling and obtaining gypsum for the manufacturing process?
The major challenges in handling and obtaining gypsum are moisture, SO3 and purity, which are the key parameters in deciding the quality of gypsum. Some minor elements also affect the quality of gypsum like phosphorus pentoxide and chloride percentage.
The deviation in SO3 content increases or decreases the quantity of gypsum in cement. Also, typically, a decrease in the SO3 content increases the insoluble residues, especially in Indian mineral gypsum, which causes higher IR in cement and lowers the performance/durability of cement.
In chemical gypsum, the main concern is the moisture of material and colour, which directly affects the operation with reference to jamming, choking and product quality.

-Kanika Mathur

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Jammu Division Begins First Cement Rail Traffic to Anantnag

Cement Loading From Kathua for Anantnag to Begin on September 14

Published

2 days ago

September 21, 2026

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Jammu Railway Division has placed an indent for the first movement of cement by rail within the division, linking Shaheed Captain Sunil Kumar Choudhary Kathua Railway Station with Anantnag Railway Station. Loading for the consignment is scheduled to begin on September 14.

Concrete

Hard Worker Wins Three Honours at Kyoorius Design Awards

Ramco Cements’ brand secures Grand Prix and two Blue Elephant honours.

Published

2 days ago

September 21, 2026

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The Ramco Cements Limited’s construction chemicals brand, Hard Worker, has won three honours at the Kyoorius Design Awards 2026, including the Grand Prix – Grey Elephant in the Design in Action category.

The brand also secured two Blue Elephant honours, one for Design in Action and another for Packaging, recognising the design approach behind its brand identity and packaging.

Launched in 2025, Hard Worker entered the construction chemicals segment with the brand promise, “Hard-working products for hardworking people.” Its visual identity uses animals and birds to represent product benefits. The camel represents the water-retention capability of Hard Worker Eco Plaster, while the cheetah represents the speed and performance of Hard Worker Block Fix.

The visual language has been extended across packaging, retail, communication, literature, digital platforms and other brand touchpoints. Hard Worker uses bold colours, distinctive animal illustrations and simple visual storytelling to communicate product benefits across markets and audiences, including construction workers and applicators.

“For Hard Worker, design was never an afterthought. It was fundamental to how we wanted to build the brand. In a category that is largely functional, we wanted to create a brand that people could recognise, understand and remember instantly. The Kyoorius recognition is a wonderful validation of this design-led approach,” said Mr. AV Dharmakrishnan, CEO, The Ramco Cements Limited.

Mr. Balaji K. Moorthy, Executive Director – Marketing, Ramco Cements said “In a category where communication has traditionally been product-led and functional, we wanted Hard Worker to stand apart by making design an integral part of the brand experience. From the distinctive animal-led packaging to our communication across consumer and trade touchpoints, every element was designed to make the brand more memorable and the product benefits easier to understand.”

Within its first 12 months, Hard Worker crossed Rs 3.5 bn in sales. The latest recognition follows six honours secured by the brand’s campaign at the Kyoorius Creative Awards earlier in 2026, including the Grey Elephant Grand Prix for its Eco Plaster film.

The Kyoorius Design Awards recognise outstanding design work in India’s visual communications sector across multiple categories and platforms. The 2026 awards were announced on 12 September in Goa.

The Ramco Cements Limited is part of the Ramco Group and operates across cement and allied building-material solutions. Hard Worker is its construction chemicals brand, offering solutions across key construction applications.

Concrete

Cement Firms to Invest Rs. 130 bn in Green Energy by FY28

Cement companies plan to expand clean energy capacity to 6 GW by FY28

Published

6 days ago

September 17, 2026

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India’s major cement companies are set to raise their clean energy capacity to 6 GW by March 2028 from around 4 GW at the end of March 2026, according to ratings agency ICRA. The planned expansion is expected to involve investments of Rs. 130 bn over the next two years.

The additional capacity could generate annual savings of Rs. 62 bn to Rs. 67 bn, resulting in an estimated payback period of 1.8 to 2.2 years. Cement is an emission-intensive industry, and leading producers have established net-zero roadmaps covering the next 15 to 20 years.

The calcination process accounts for 57 to 60 per cent of the sector’s total emissions, while fuel combustion contributes 27 to 30 per cent and electricity consumption accounts for 10 to 13 per cent. ICRA said the figures highlighted the need for a broad decarbonisation strategy involving green power, blended cement, alternative fuels and improvements in clinker efficiency.

Green energy is considered one of the most commercially attractive decarbonisation options because it can reduce emissions while lowering operating costs. Every 5 per cent increase in green power replacement can reduce power and fuel costs by Rs. 15 to Rs. 16 per tonne. A 25 per cent replacement level could therefore save Rs. 75 to Rs. 80 per tonne and expand operating margins by 140 to 160 basis points.

Cement producers are also assessing carbon capture, utilisation and storage, although high implementation costs, energy requirements and limited transport and storage infrastructure are expected to slow commercial adoption. The government has proposed Rs. 200 bn over five years to support deployment across key sectors. Meanwhile, companies are targeting thermal substitution rates of 10 to 15 per cent over the next three to five years, compared with the current industry level of around 6 per cent.