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Sustainable Pathways

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Strategic innovation and public-private collaboration are enabling net zero goals for one of the country’s most carbon-intensive sectors. Neeti Mahajan, Consultant, EY India, discusses green technologies, renewable energy, and circular economy principles.

For the first time in India’s history, the percentage of renewable energy in our overall energy mix crossed the percentage of energy powered by fossil fuels. A marquee historic moment for India, and also a reminder that the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)
taken by India are not far from reality. They rather have become more tangible and achievable as we move ahead.
The cement industry is among India’s most carbon-intensive sectors, contributing approximately 7 to 8 per cent of total national carbon dioxide emissions, with an estimated 0.6 to 0.8 tonnes of carbon dioxide emitted per tonne of cement produced. Of this, about 60 to 65 per cent of emissions originate from the calcination process, 30 to 35 per cent from the combustion of fossil fuels, and the remainder from indirect energy consumption in grinding, transportation, and auxiliary processes. As India advances toward its commitments under the Paris Agreement, these include a 45 per cent reduction in GDP carbon intensity by 2030 (from 2005 baseline) and achieving 50 per cent of cumulative installed electricity capacity from non-fossil sources by 2030. Hence, as we leap towards a greener India, the cement industry – one of the most fundamental yet hard-to-abate industries remains at the cusp of being instrumental to this transformation.
To align with India’s NDC targets, the cement sector is transitioning toward low-carbon production pathways that combine technology, innovation, and circular economy principles. A key lever is the adoption of green cement, produced by reducing the clinker-to-cement ratio through the incorporation of supplementary cementitious materials such as fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), calcined clay, and silica fume. This approach can lower carbon dioxide emissions by up to 30 to 40 per cent per tonne of cement compared to Ordinary Portland Cement. India, one of the world’s largest producers of blended cements, already uses over
35 per cent fly ash and 25 per cent slag in its cement mix, reflecting progress toward greener manufacturing.
Another major pathway is energy transition and efficiency enhancement. Cement plants are increasingly adopting waste heat recovery systems (WHRS), capable of meeting up to 25 to 30 per cent of their power needs, and shifting toward renewable electricity through solar and wind power purchase agreements. Sector leaders such as UltraTech, Dalmia Bharat and ACC have installed solar capacities exceeding 100 MW collectively, contributing to India’s broader target of 500 GW of non-fossil energy capacity by 2030. Additionally, the use of alternative fuels and raw materials, including biomass, municipal solid waste, and industrial by-products is expanding. Substitution rates of alternate raw materials, currently at around 4 to 5 per cent in India, have the potential to reach 25 per cent by 2030, further cutting fossil fuel dependence and aligning with circular economy objectives.
In parallel, the sector is exploring Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) technologies, particularly for process emissions that cannot be avoided through efficiency measures. Pilot projects by leading producers aim to capture and reuse CO2 in concrete curing, carbonated building materials, and chemical feedstocks. Such innovation aligns with India’s long-term net-zero commitment for 2070 and offers scope for integration with international technology transfer initiatives under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement.
India’s evolving carbon market ecosystem is another enabler for cement industry decarbonisation. The Indian Carbon Market (ICM), launched in 2023 under the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), provides a mechanism for industries to earn carbon credits by exceeding emission reduction benchmarks, which can then be traded or used to meet compliance obligations. Cement companies can leverage these credits from renewable energy use, waste heat recovery, or green cement production, providing both financial and reputational incentives. This complements voluntary markets and corporate net-zero frameworks that increasingly demand traceable, high-quality offsets. Recently, cement companies have targets to achieve through the ICM and the Carbon Credit Trading Mechanism (CCTS), leading to cleaner energy powered by greener finance.
Further, the cement industry’s contribution to India’s carbon sink target – creating an additional 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent through forest and tree cover by 2030 – can be strengthened through afforestation initiatives, biodiversity conservation, and mine rehabilitation programs linked to cement plant operations. Policy instruments such as the Perform, Achieve, Trade (PAT) Scheme, Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs), and Energy Conservation Act, 2022 provide additional regulatory and market-based tools to encourage decarbonisation and resource efficiency.
Collectively, these initiatives position the cement industry as a key contributor to India’s NDC implementation. Through a combination of green cement innovation, renewable energy adoption, carbon market participation, and technology advancement, the sector can significantly reduce its emission intensity while ensuring competitiveness and sustainability.
As the government, leading organisations and we as the people, head towards a greener and cleaner future. The public private partnership here can really be a game changer. Think tanks, policy-research organisations, consulting companies can help all involved parties to better achieve a holistic target and a better future for all.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR:
Neeti Mahajan, Consultant, EY India, is a climate and sustainability professional, blending consulting and communication to drive people-centered climate action.

Concrete

Cement Makers Reaffirm Commitment to Sustainable Growth

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World Environment Day spotlight on innovation and circularity

On World Environment Day, the Indian cement industry reiterated its commitment to supporting India’s climate ambitions through sustainable manufacturing, resource efficiency and the adoption of cleaner technologies.

The Cement Manufacturers’ Association (CMA) said the sector remains aligned with the Government of India’s Net Zero commitments and is accelerating efforts to reduce its environmental footprint while supporting the country’s infrastructure and development agenda.

Parth Jindal, President, CMA and Managing Director, JSW Cement, said the industry is increasingly adopting cleaner technologies, improving energy efficiency and expanding the use of alternative fuels and raw materials. He also highlighted the growing importance of circular economy practices, where industrial by-products and waste streams from one sector are utilised as resources in another.

“The Indian Cement Industry is aligned to the Government’s commitments on carbon mitigation and is accelerating the adoption of cleaner technologies, resource efficiency and circular economy practices while actively exploring the potential of Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) as a critical pathway for deep decarbonisation,” said Jindal.

He added that coprocessing industrial waste and by-products helps conserve natural resources, reduce disposal requirements and lower the environmental footprint across multiple sectors.

According to Jindal, sustainability is no longer limited to manufacturing processes but is increasingly influencing investment decisions, innovation strategies and long-term growth plans within the industry.

Echoing similar views, Dr Raghavpat Singhania, Vice President, CMA and Managing Director, JK Cement, said sustainable development extends beyond emissions reduction and must also focus on responsible resource utilisation and waste minimisation.

“Sustainability in the built environment cannot be measured by emissions alone. It is equally about how efficiently we use resources, how effectively we minimise waste and how responsibly we create the infrastructure that will serve future generations,” said Singhania.

He noted that the cement industry is advancing its sustainability agenda through greater resource efficiency, increased circularity, technological innovation and continuous improvements in manufacturing practices. As a key contributor to India’s infrastructure development, the sector has a critical role to play in balancing economic growth with environmental responsibility.

On the occasion of World Environment Day, industry leaders reaffirmed their commitment to supporting India’s climate goals while delivering the materials required for resilient, durable and sustainable infrastructure.

 

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Concrete

Building a Greener Future Together

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Environmental sustainability requires immediate action, not just long-term commitments and discussions. Recycling, circular economy practices, and technology-driven waste management can help industries reduce environmental impact while supporting sustainable growth.

Author: Jignesh Kundaria, Director and CEO, Fornnax Technology

World Environment Day serves as an important reminder that environmental sustainability can no longer remain confined to discussions, reports, or long-term commitments. The environmental challenges facing the world today demand immediate, measurable, and collective action. Across industries and communities, waste generation continues to outpace our ability to process it responsibly, placing increasing pressure on ecosystems, natural resources, public health, and the well-being of future generations.

One of the most significant shifts required today is a change in how society perceives waste. Rather than being viewed as a material to be discarded, waste must be recognised as a valuable resource that can contribute to both economic growth and environmental protection when managed through the right technologies and systems. This mindset forms the foundation of the circular economy model that countries across the world are increasingly adopting to reduce landfill dependence, recover valuable materials, and create more sustainable industrial ecosystems.

India has made meaningful progress in strengthening awareness around sustainability, recycling, and environmental responsibility over the past decade. Significant efforts are being made to formalise the recycling sector through improved infrastructure, technology adoption, policy implementation, and broader stakeholder participation. These developments are creating a stronger foundation for responsible waste management and resource recovery across the country.

However, achieving long-term environmental impact requires collaboration from all stakeholders. Industries, policymakers, technology providers, and communities must work together with greater accountability to strengthen recycling ecosystems, encourage responsible waste management practices, and create sustainable outcomes through consistent execution rather than temporary interventions.

As someone closely associated with the recycling industry, I firmly believe that technology will play a decisive role in addressing future environmental challenges. Advanced recycling systems have the potential to recover valuable resources, reduce pollution, minimise landfill burdens, and conserve energy, creating a more sustainable future for generations to come. This belief is deeply reflected in Fornnax’s motto, “Committed to Create a Green Future,” which embodies our commitment to building long-term environmental value through innovation and responsible action.

At the same time, technology alone cannot deliver meaningful change. Real progress requires intent, awareness, participation, and a shared sense of responsibility. Sustainable development can only be achieved when innovation is supported by collective action and a genuine commitment to environmental stewardship.

On this World Environment Day, let us move beyond conversations and take meaningful steps towards creating a cleaner, greener, and more sustainable planet. By embracing innovation, strengthening recycling ecosystems, and acting responsibly today, we can create lasting environmental impact and secure a better future for generations to come.

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Concrete

Dalmia Bharat Acquires Jaiprakash Associates Cement Assets for ₹2,850 Crore

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Dalmia Cement executed a Business Transfer Agreement with Jaiprakash Associates and Adani Infra, to acquire 5.2 MnTPA of cement capacity across Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.

Dalmia Cement (Bharat) announced on May 22, 2026 that it had signed a Business Transfer Agreement with Jaiprakash Associates Limited and Adani Infra (India) Limited for the acquisition of cement plants located at Rewa in Madhya Pradesh and Churk, Chunar and Sadwa in Uttar Pradesh. The deal was struck at an enterprise value of ₹2,850 crore and is expected to close within two weeks of execution.

The acquired assets from Jaiprakash Associates include 5.2 MnTPA of cement capacity and 3.3 MnTPA of clinker capacity. The package also covers 99 MW of thermal power capacity and railway sidings at Rewa, Chunar, and a common siding at Churk. This infrastructure gives the acquisition immediate operational utility beyond just production tonnage.

The transaction has a long backstory. Dalmia Cement had originally entered into a framework agreement with Jaiprakash Associates in December 2022, covering the sale of these business assets along with a long-term clinker supply arrangement. However, before the deal could be completed, Jaiprakash Associates was admitted to insolvency proceedings under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code. The earlier agreements could not be consummated as a result.

In an official statement, Puneet Dalmia, Managing Director & CEO, Dalmia Bharat, said, “I am very excited about addition of these assets in our portfolio. This serves as a great strategic fit for Dalmia. It helps us move forward in our journey to be a pan India player and provide a strong head start to serve the high potential markets in Central region. I am optimistic that the expansion potential of these assets along with close proximity with Dalmia’s captive mines will help us create a capacity hub for the future”.

Following the approval of Adani Group’s resolution plan for Jaiprakash Associates under the IBC framework, Dalmia approached the new management to revive discussions. The fresh Business Transfer Agreement was executed to settle all pending disputes, legal proceedings, and arbitration matters arising from the original framework agreement with Jaiprakash Associates.

Expanding market reach

Dalmia added, “Our familiarity with these assets under the earlier tolling arrangement gives us a deep understanding of the facilities and helps us establish strong connect with channel partners and vendors. We believe that this will help us in faster ramp up of capacities and quicker inroads into the market. As we look forward, I am very confident that we will be able to leverage the strengths of Dalmia to operate these assets in a manner where we can maximise value creation for all our stakeholders.”

With the addition of these plants, Dalmia Bharat’s total installed cement capacity will rise to 54.7 MnTPA upon consummation. The company has further expansion projects underway at Belgaum, Pune, and Kadapa, which are expected to take overall capacity to 66.7 MnTPA by Q2 to Q3 FY28.

The Central India location of the Jaiprakash Associates plants gives Dalmia Bharat faster access to markets in Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh than a greenfield build would have allowed. The company also cited debottlenecking and brownfield expansion as near-term opportunities at the acquired sites. Dalmia Bharat said the assets were expected to contribute positively to EBITDA and overall returns, given the pricing environment in the region and the company’s cost structure.

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