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Indian rural economy in focus: Will it be the great Atlas

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The Greek God Atlas held the World on its shoulders; the rural economy of India, it seems, is holding the economy of India on its shoulders, unscathed by the impact of pandemic. As the surge of COVID-19 cases impacted the urban economy, the village economy of India actually did better than last year for a number of reasons and we will see whether this will be enough to act as a wedge against the drop that ensues in all other sections of the economy outside of agricultural and rural spend or consumption.

First of all the reasons why agriculture and the rural economy did far better than last year YTD September has to be seen in the backdrop of following things:

l Exceptional harvest: The harvests for the last four seasonal crops (rabi 2019, kharif 2019, rabi 2020 and kharif 2020) have been exceptionally good. This is really a great result boosting the entire rural economy with direct and indirect benefits. In the first two months of the monsoon, 83 per cent of the area (88.21 million hectares) for sowing was covered already, which corroborates to the ebbing demand for work for National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA) as is seen in the shrinking data of demand for work (records of registration done) from the peaks of June to July.

l Demand for rural work in MNREGA data: The registrations for MNREGA zoomed from April 2020 to June and tapered off in July. But just to compare this lower number for July against 2019, it was higher by a whopping 70 per cent, largely due to displacements from urban areas combined with job losses. About 31.5 million people registered in July 20 which was 28 per cent lower than June 2020.

l MNREGA allocation increased to Rs 1,015 billion for FY21 from the initial allocation of Rs 615. This was also followed with actual disbursements done speedily, 50 per cent of the allocation is already spent as per MNREGA website.

But the sequential decline for the demand for rural jobs continued from July into September, July: 31.5 million, August: 20.5 million and September: 20.0 million. This would mean two things, that other sources of employment, than what is on offer at Rs 170 per day work wage, has been made available by the rural economy (kharif demand for labour is gone by August) or the migrant worker overload had subsided with reverse migration. Evidence of both these factors must be sought for testing this hypothesis. Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PMKSN), a programme that got front loaded with advancement of spend is this area, perhaps has some of the answers.

Let us now look at the entire contribution of the agricultural economy on the overall economy of India. This as we know is measured as percentage of the gross value added and this has been projected at 17.3 per cent of India?? GDP for FY21 (this was 14.3 per cent in FY20), with the better prospects of agricultural growth over 2019. Furthermore, the contribution of agriculture to gene set variation analysis (GSVA) growth is expected to increase to 14.4 per cent in FY21 (FY20: 8.6 per cent), despite the COVID-19 induced contraction in the industrial and services sectors, as per the latest report by India Ratings. The contribution of rural economy into the overall scheme of things would remain low with these outcomes.

However, there are great regional and state wise disparities. There are five States??ndhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and West Bengal??hose GSVA numbers are significantly higher, and their contribution in FY20 real GSVA was 32.7 per cent.

So while many states have shown rather lower trajectories of growth, these five states have shown exceptional growth rates by virtue of a mix of things from harvest, faster deployment of funds against the demand for work and quicker implementation in the PMKSN scheme.

Now we will see the actual kharif output increase as projected for FY2021. It is going to be 144.52 million tonne as against 143.38 million tonne in FY2020 and the increase in the minimum support prices is slated to be only Rs 52 per quintal on the major kharif crop paddy. Thus in value terms the kharif crop will not add significantly to the GSVA. The last bit is to see the daily wage increase in rural economy, which shows a very modest increase of 0.4 per cent for FY2021 as per National Statistical Office and CEIC report.

In sum, the rural economy benefitted enormously from a good monsoon and harvest and its direct and indirect impact will have positive spillover effects. MNREGA and PMKSN have also contributed to the uptick in the GSVA of several States with the disparities. The overall agricultural output in tonnage and value terms, coupled with the wage increase do not show a significant contribution that the rural economy can command in terms of influencing the overall GSVA for the entire economy.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR:

Procyon Mukherjee is an ex-Chief Procurement Officer at LafargeHolcim India. The ideas presented are his personal and have no connection to the beliefs of the company where he works.

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Concrete

Cement Makers Reaffirm Commitment to Sustainable Growth

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World Environment Day spotlight on innovation and circularity

On World Environment Day, the Indian cement industry reiterated its commitment to supporting India’s climate ambitions through sustainable manufacturing, resource efficiency and the adoption of cleaner technologies.

The Cement Manufacturers’ Association (CMA) said the sector remains aligned with the Government of India’s Net Zero commitments and is accelerating efforts to reduce its environmental footprint while supporting the country’s infrastructure and development agenda.

Parth Jindal, President, CMA and Managing Director, JSW Cement, said the industry is increasingly adopting cleaner technologies, improving energy efficiency and expanding the use of alternative fuels and raw materials. He also highlighted the growing importance of circular economy practices, where industrial by-products and waste streams from one sector are utilised as resources in another.

“The Indian Cement Industry is aligned to the Government’s commitments on carbon mitigation and is accelerating the adoption of cleaner technologies, resource efficiency and circular economy practices while actively exploring the potential of Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) as a critical pathway for deep decarbonisation,” said Jindal.

He added that coprocessing industrial waste and by-products helps conserve natural resources, reduce disposal requirements and lower the environmental footprint across multiple sectors.

According to Jindal, sustainability is no longer limited to manufacturing processes but is increasingly influencing investment decisions, innovation strategies and long-term growth plans within the industry.

Echoing similar views, Dr Raghavpat Singhania, Vice President, CMA and Managing Director, JK Cement, said sustainable development extends beyond emissions reduction and must also focus on responsible resource utilisation and waste minimisation.

“Sustainability in the built environment cannot be measured by emissions alone. It is equally about how efficiently we use resources, how effectively we minimise waste and how responsibly we create the infrastructure that will serve future generations,” said Singhania.

He noted that the cement industry is advancing its sustainability agenda through greater resource efficiency, increased circularity, technological innovation and continuous improvements in manufacturing practices. As a key contributor to India’s infrastructure development, the sector has a critical role to play in balancing economic growth with environmental responsibility.

On the occasion of World Environment Day, industry leaders reaffirmed their commitment to supporting India’s climate goals while delivering the materials required for resilient, durable and sustainable infrastructure.

 

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Concrete

Building a Greener Future Together

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Environmental sustainability requires immediate action, not just long-term commitments and discussions. Recycling, circular economy practices, and technology-driven waste management can help industries reduce environmental impact while supporting sustainable growth.

Author: Jignesh Kundaria, Director and CEO, Fornnax Technology

World Environment Day serves as an important reminder that environmental sustainability can no longer remain confined to discussions, reports, or long-term commitments. The environmental challenges facing the world today demand immediate, measurable, and collective action. Across industries and communities, waste generation continues to outpace our ability to process it responsibly, placing increasing pressure on ecosystems, natural resources, public health, and the well-being of future generations.

One of the most significant shifts required today is a change in how society perceives waste. Rather than being viewed as a material to be discarded, waste must be recognised as a valuable resource that can contribute to both economic growth and environmental protection when managed through the right technologies and systems. This mindset forms the foundation of the circular economy model that countries across the world are increasingly adopting to reduce landfill dependence, recover valuable materials, and create more sustainable industrial ecosystems.

India has made meaningful progress in strengthening awareness around sustainability, recycling, and environmental responsibility over the past decade. Significant efforts are being made to formalise the recycling sector through improved infrastructure, technology adoption, policy implementation, and broader stakeholder participation. These developments are creating a stronger foundation for responsible waste management and resource recovery across the country.

However, achieving long-term environmental impact requires collaboration from all stakeholders. Industries, policymakers, technology providers, and communities must work together with greater accountability to strengthen recycling ecosystems, encourage responsible waste management practices, and create sustainable outcomes through consistent execution rather than temporary interventions.

As someone closely associated with the recycling industry, I firmly believe that technology will play a decisive role in addressing future environmental challenges. Advanced recycling systems have the potential to recover valuable resources, reduce pollution, minimise landfill burdens, and conserve energy, creating a more sustainable future for generations to come. This belief is deeply reflected in Fornnax’s motto, “Committed to Create a Green Future,” which embodies our commitment to building long-term environmental value through innovation and responsible action.

At the same time, technology alone cannot deliver meaningful change. Real progress requires intent, awareness, participation, and a shared sense of responsibility. Sustainable development can only be achieved when innovation is supported by collective action and a genuine commitment to environmental stewardship.

On this World Environment Day, let us move beyond conversations and take meaningful steps towards creating a cleaner, greener, and more sustainable planet. By embracing innovation, strengthening recycling ecosystems, and acting responsibly today, we can create lasting environmental impact and secure a better future for generations to come.

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Concrete

Dalmia Bharat Acquires Jaiprakash Associates Cement Assets for ₹2,850 Crore

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Dalmia Cement executed a Business Transfer Agreement with Jaiprakash Associates and Adani Infra, to acquire 5.2 MnTPA of cement capacity across Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.

Dalmia Cement (Bharat) announced on May 22, 2026 that it had signed a Business Transfer Agreement with Jaiprakash Associates Limited and Adani Infra (India) Limited for the acquisition of cement plants located at Rewa in Madhya Pradesh and Churk, Chunar and Sadwa in Uttar Pradesh. The deal was struck at an enterprise value of ₹2,850 crore and is expected to close within two weeks of execution.

The acquired assets from Jaiprakash Associates include 5.2 MnTPA of cement capacity and 3.3 MnTPA of clinker capacity. The package also covers 99 MW of thermal power capacity and railway sidings at Rewa, Chunar, and a common siding at Churk. This infrastructure gives the acquisition immediate operational utility beyond just production tonnage.

The transaction has a long backstory. Dalmia Cement had originally entered into a framework agreement with Jaiprakash Associates in December 2022, covering the sale of these business assets along with a long-term clinker supply arrangement. However, before the deal could be completed, Jaiprakash Associates was admitted to insolvency proceedings under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code. The earlier agreements could not be consummated as a result.

In an official statement, Puneet Dalmia, Managing Director & CEO, Dalmia Bharat, said, “I am very excited about addition of these assets in our portfolio. This serves as a great strategic fit for Dalmia. It helps us move forward in our journey to be a pan India player and provide a strong head start to serve the high potential markets in Central region. I am optimistic that the expansion potential of these assets along with close proximity with Dalmia’s captive mines will help us create a capacity hub for the future”.

Following the approval of Adani Group’s resolution plan for Jaiprakash Associates under the IBC framework, Dalmia approached the new management to revive discussions. The fresh Business Transfer Agreement was executed to settle all pending disputes, legal proceedings, and arbitration matters arising from the original framework agreement with Jaiprakash Associates.

Expanding market reach

Dalmia added, “Our familiarity with these assets under the earlier tolling arrangement gives us a deep understanding of the facilities and helps us establish strong connect with channel partners and vendors. We believe that this will help us in faster ramp up of capacities and quicker inroads into the market. As we look forward, I am very confident that we will be able to leverage the strengths of Dalmia to operate these assets in a manner where we can maximise value creation for all our stakeholders.”

With the addition of these plants, Dalmia Bharat’s total installed cement capacity will rise to 54.7 MnTPA upon consummation. The company has further expansion projects underway at Belgaum, Pune, and Kadapa, which are expected to take overall capacity to 66.7 MnTPA by Q2 to Q3 FY28.

The Central India location of the Jaiprakash Associates plants gives Dalmia Bharat faster access to markets in Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh than a greenfield build would have allowed. The company also cited debottlenecking and brownfield expansion as near-term opportunities at the acquired sites. Dalmia Bharat said the assets were expected to contribute positively to EBITDA and overall returns, given the pricing environment in the region and the company’s cost structure.

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