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Coal imports on the rise

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CARE Ratings expects higher import of coal during FY19 (2018-19) in the range of 225-240 MT v/s 208 MT in FY18.

Total coal production in India during April-August 2018 was 264 million tonne (MT) and recorded a growth of 10 per cent y-o-y. It was mainly aided by 12 per cent growth in production by Coal India (216 MT) during the first five months of FY19. The two largest state-run coal miners (CIL and SCCL) produced 240 MT of coal, accounting for 90.5 per cent of total production in the country.

Imported Coal Volume up
Coal imports grew by 13.9 per cent during the April-August 2018 period, at 95.2 MT. Share of coal from Australia, Indonesia and South Africa stood at 21.8 per cent, 41.8 per cent and 14.8 per cent respectively. Coal from USA more than doubled y-o-y for the period and constitutes 8 per cent of the total coal imported by India.

Coal import trend is expected to continue as power, cement and steel industry are expected to witness improvement in demand and capacity utilisation. India is the second largest producer and second largest importer of coal behind China,’ leading rating firm CARE Ratings said in an update released in October 2018.

Performance of demand driving sectors
April-August 2018 period witnessed sustained demand for steam coal from power sector with electricity generation reporting 5.3 per cent growth year-on-year (y-o-y), while other sectors like cement and steel, which use thermal coal as feedstock and coking coal as raw material, reported steady growth in production. Steel production has been growing steadily and reported 3.4 per cent growth in FY18. Cement production grew by 14.7 per cent during April-August 2018, said the report, prepared by a team led by Madan Sabnavis, Chief Economist, CARE Ratings.

Thermal power plants in the country reported capacity utilisation above 60.5 per cent after having touched 59 per cent levels in 2017-18. Thermal power plants under CEA reported a marginal drop in receipt of imported coal from 23 MT for April-Aug 2017 v/s 22.5 MT for April-August 2018. This indicates captive power users and others industries are major drivers of demand for imported coal.

Domestic coal shortage has been widely reported especially for thermal power plants. The state-run miner (CIL) on its part has been trying to address the issue of coal shortage at power plants. CIL and SCCL together reported 9 per cent growth in offtake and 10.6 per cent growth in production during April-August 2018. Besides, supply chain issues due to inadequate rail-connectivity for coal evacuation and rake availability continue to be a major factor impacting availability of coal.

Shortage of coal has impacted spot market and merchant power tariffs, hitting Rs 18 per unit levels. Between January-August 2018, coal prices have been in the range of $100-125 with prices hitting the peak average price of $125 in April 2018. Global steam coal prices have been on a steady rise after having touched a low of $50 per tonne in May 2016.

The price fluctuation has been on account of change in policies and supply bottlenecks in Indonesia, which contributes to two-third of the thermal coal imports to India. Increase in demand for thermal coal from China has been another major factor for increase in global coal prices.

Domestically, CIL was planning to introduce a new pricing methodology based on energy content of coal starting April 1, 2018. The implementation of the same has been postponed and is still under discussion. CARE Ratings expects the same to be implemented in the coming quarters of FY19.

Domestic production & imports
Coal India Limited and Singareni Collieries Company Limited are the two largest coal miners in the country. The two companies together produced 240 MT of coal which includes largely thermal coal and limited quantity of coking coal. ‘India’s largest coal producer CIL has been unable to meet its production target but we expect the same to improve in the following quarters as mining operations improve post monsoon, says CARE Ratings.

Capex achievement by CIL and NLC stood at 19 per cent of the Rs. 17,150 crore planned capex during the year. ‘In order to meet their production targets, the mining companies need to achieve their capex targets, focusing on improving production and productivity through mechanisation and automation,’ CARE Ratings adds.

India imported 95 MT of coal (coking and non-coking), recording a growth of 13.9 per cent y-o-y. India imports most of its thermal coal from Indonesia. Coking coal used in the steel industry is imported from Australia. Indonesia (39.8 MT), Australia (20.8MT), South Africa (14.2 MT) and USA (7.6 MT) are the largest source of imported coal by volume between April-August 2018.

Roughly 80-85 GW of thermal power capacity in India is partially or fully dependent on imported coal for fuel. Imported coking coal fulfils 65-70 per cent of the total coking coal demand from steel industry. Around three-fourth of India’s coking coal imports come from Australia, and the remaining from Canada, USA, Russia, Indonesia, etc.

Outlook
Total domestic coal production may remain stagnant with 2.5-3.5 per cent of growth in FY19 at 705-712 MT. Realisation is expected to increase especially on the back of shortage and implementation of the new coal pricing policy by CIL, says CARE Ratings. It expects higher import of coal during the year in the range of 225-240 MT vs 208 MT in FY18. Improved capacity utilisation in power (captive and non-captive users), cement and steel would be major drivers of coal import, the rating agency believes.

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Concrete

Cement Makers Reaffirm Commitment to Sustainable Growth

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World Environment Day spotlight on innovation and circularity

On World Environment Day, the Indian cement industry reiterated its commitment to supporting India’s climate ambitions through sustainable manufacturing, resource efficiency and the adoption of cleaner technologies.

The Cement Manufacturers’ Association (CMA) said the sector remains aligned with the Government of India’s Net Zero commitments and is accelerating efforts to reduce its environmental footprint while supporting the country’s infrastructure and development agenda.

Parth Jindal, President, CMA and Managing Director, JSW Cement, said the industry is increasingly adopting cleaner technologies, improving energy efficiency and expanding the use of alternative fuels and raw materials. He also highlighted the growing importance of circular economy practices, where industrial by-products and waste streams from one sector are utilised as resources in another.

“The Indian Cement Industry is aligned to the Government’s commitments on carbon mitigation and is accelerating the adoption of cleaner technologies, resource efficiency and circular economy practices while actively exploring the potential of Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) as a critical pathway for deep decarbonisation,” said Jindal.

He added that coprocessing industrial waste and by-products helps conserve natural resources, reduce disposal requirements and lower the environmental footprint across multiple sectors.

According to Jindal, sustainability is no longer limited to manufacturing processes but is increasingly influencing investment decisions, innovation strategies and long-term growth plans within the industry.

Echoing similar views, Dr Raghavpat Singhania, Vice President, CMA and Managing Director, JK Cement, said sustainable development extends beyond emissions reduction and must also focus on responsible resource utilisation and waste minimisation.

“Sustainability in the built environment cannot be measured by emissions alone. It is equally about how efficiently we use resources, how effectively we minimise waste and how responsibly we create the infrastructure that will serve future generations,” said Singhania.

He noted that the cement industry is advancing its sustainability agenda through greater resource efficiency, increased circularity, technological innovation and continuous improvements in manufacturing practices. As a key contributor to India’s infrastructure development, the sector has a critical role to play in balancing economic growth with environmental responsibility.

On the occasion of World Environment Day, industry leaders reaffirmed their commitment to supporting India’s climate goals while delivering the materials required for resilient, durable and sustainable infrastructure.

 

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Concrete

Building a Greener Future Together

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Environmental sustainability requires immediate action, not just long-term commitments and discussions. Recycling, circular economy practices, and technology-driven waste management can help industries reduce environmental impact while supporting sustainable growth.

Author: Jignesh Kundaria, Director and CEO, Fornnax Technology

World Environment Day serves as an important reminder that environmental sustainability can no longer remain confined to discussions, reports, or long-term commitments. The environmental challenges facing the world today demand immediate, measurable, and collective action. Across industries and communities, waste generation continues to outpace our ability to process it responsibly, placing increasing pressure on ecosystems, natural resources, public health, and the well-being of future generations.

One of the most significant shifts required today is a change in how society perceives waste. Rather than being viewed as a material to be discarded, waste must be recognised as a valuable resource that can contribute to both economic growth and environmental protection when managed through the right technologies and systems. This mindset forms the foundation of the circular economy model that countries across the world are increasingly adopting to reduce landfill dependence, recover valuable materials, and create more sustainable industrial ecosystems.

India has made meaningful progress in strengthening awareness around sustainability, recycling, and environmental responsibility over the past decade. Significant efforts are being made to formalise the recycling sector through improved infrastructure, technology adoption, policy implementation, and broader stakeholder participation. These developments are creating a stronger foundation for responsible waste management and resource recovery across the country.

However, achieving long-term environmental impact requires collaboration from all stakeholders. Industries, policymakers, technology providers, and communities must work together with greater accountability to strengthen recycling ecosystems, encourage responsible waste management practices, and create sustainable outcomes through consistent execution rather than temporary interventions.

As someone closely associated with the recycling industry, I firmly believe that technology will play a decisive role in addressing future environmental challenges. Advanced recycling systems have the potential to recover valuable resources, reduce pollution, minimise landfill burdens, and conserve energy, creating a more sustainable future for generations to come. This belief is deeply reflected in Fornnax’s motto, “Committed to Create a Green Future,” which embodies our commitment to building long-term environmental value through innovation and responsible action.

At the same time, technology alone cannot deliver meaningful change. Real progress requires intent, awareness, participation, and a shared sense of responsibility. Sustainable development can only be achieved when innovation is supported by collective action and a genuine commitment to environmental stewardship.

On this World Environment Day, let us move beyond conversations and take meaningful steps towards creating a cleaner, greener, and more sustainable planet. By embracing innovation, strengthening recycling ecosystems, and acting responsibly today, we can create lasting environmental impact and secure a better future for generations to come.

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Concrete

Dalmia Bharat Acquires Jaiprakash Associates Cement Assets for ₹2,850 Crore

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Dalmia Cement executed a Business Transfer Agreement with Jaiprakash Associates and Adani Infra, to acquire 5.2 MnTPA of cement capacity across Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.

Dalmia Cement (Bharat) announced on May 22, 2026 that it had signed a Business Transfer Agreement with Jaiprakash Associates Limited and Adani Infra (India) Limited for the acquisition of cement plants located at Rewa in Madhya Pradesh and Churk, Chunar and Sadwa in Uttar Pradesh. The deal was struck at an enterprise value of ₹2,850 crore and is expected to close within two weeks of execution.

The acquired assets from Jaiprakash Associates include 5.2 MnTPA of cement capacity and 3.3 MnTPA of clinker capacity. The package also covers 99 MW of thermal power capacity and railway sidings at Rewa, Chunar, and a common siding at Churk. This infrastructure gives the acquisition immediate operational utility beyond just production tonnage.

The transaction has a long backstory. Dalmia Cement had originally entered into a framework agreement with Jaiprakash Associates in December 2022, covering the sale of these business assets along with a long-term clinker supply arrangement. However, before the deal could be completed, Jaiprakash Associates was admitted to insolvency proceedings under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code. The earlier agreements could not be consummated as a result.

In an official statement, Puneet Dalmia, Managing Director & CEO, Dalmia Bharat, said, “I am very excited about addition of these assets in our portfolio. This serves as a great strategic fit for Dalmia. It helps us move forward in our journey to be a pan India player and provide a strong head start to serve the high potential markets in Central region. I am optimistic that the expansion potential of these assets along with close proximity with Dalmia’s captive mines will help us create a capacity hub for the future”.

Following the approval of Adani Group’s resolution plan for Jaiprakash Associates under the IBC framework, Dalmia approached the new management to revive discussions. The fresh Business Transfer Agreement was executed to settle all pending disputes, legal proceedings, and arbitration matters arising from the original framework agreement with Jaiprakash Associates.

Expanding market reach

Dalmia added, “Our familiarity with these assets under the earlier tolling arrangement gives us a deep understanding of the facilities and helps us establish strong connect with channel partners and vendors. We believe that this will help us in faster ramp up of capacities and quicker inroads into the market. As we look forward, I am very confident that we will be able to leverage the strengths of Dalmia to operate these assets in a manner where we can maximise value creation for all our stakeholders.”

With the addition of these plants, Dalmia Bharat’s total installed cement capacity will rise to 54.7 MnTPA upon consummation. The company has further expansion projects underway at Belgaum, Pune, and Kadapa, which are expected to take overall capacity to 66.7 MnTPA by Q2 to Q3 FY28.

The Central India location of the Jaiprakash Associates plants gives Dalmia Bharat faster access to markets in Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh than a greenfield build would have allowed. The company also cited debottlenecking and brownfield expansion as near-term opportunities at the acquired sites. Dalmia Bharat said the assets were expected to contribute positively to EBITDA and overall returns, given the pricing environment in the region and the company’s cost structure.

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