Concrete

Increasing energy efficiency in pneumatic conveying systems

Published

8 months ago

October 10, 2025

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Switching from traditional screw pumps to advanced rotary airlocks can dramatically cut energy use in pneumatic conveying.

Pneumatic conveying is a clean, quick and reliable way of moving materials around the plant. Ideal for both fine and coarse-grained materials, pneumatic conveying lines can be installed almost anywhere they are needed around cement plants and terminals, with much greater flexibility in terms of layout than their mechanical alternatives. High, low, bending left or right, they can adapt to your needs, enabling you to fit a new line into even the busiest sites. The enclosed pipe ensures no dust escapes to the local environment, keeping your plant clean and reducing the maintenance burden that comes from contaminants getting into machinery. The maintenance needs of the systems themselves are also low because there are very few moving parts, which gives you excellent availability as well as maximum peace of mind. And the capacity to convey at high pressures ensures you have ample throughput to meet the demands of your process.
All this adds up to a very low total cost of ownership compared with mechanical conveying, where the maintenance needs and associated productivity losses are much higher, and the flexibility is much lower. The result is that pneumatic conveying is almost always the most efficient means of transporting materials around a site.
In those instances where pneumatic conveying does not look like an efficient option, the reason is typically given as high energy consumption. However, the introduction of a new rotary airlock, the V-Series Airlock/Feeder, reduces the installed power of pneumatic conveying systems and lowers operating costs significantly.

Finding a more energy efficient feed system
Historically, the screw pump has been the preferred means of feeding pneumatic conveying lines. With more than 100 years experience, it is a proven technology and one that is still highly applicable for many conveying applications transporting fine, dry materials. But while the system is flexible in terms of capacity and layout, it can be beaten on energy efficiency by a rotary airlock. The following case studies illustrate two such examples.

Case study 1
Table 1 shows the details of the energy requirement for a cement plant s pneumatic conveying system with screw pump. This plant was using a pneumatic conveying system to transport raw meal to the preheater tower. To reduce the energy load for this operation, the plant wanted to explore alternatives to the screw pump line charger. We introduced them to the new V-Series rotary airlock.

V-Series rotary airlock
The V-Series is a 10-vein rotary airlock designed to handle dry, fine powder or granular product at high-pressure differentials up to 29 psig (2 bar) in dense phase or dilute phase systems. It requires much less power on the drive motor, generating a significant energy saving, and it is more flexible in terms of the materials it can handle, giving plants the ability to transport a wider range of materials. In cement plants, the V-Series is typically used to transport cement kiln dust, cement, fly ash, pulverised coal and pet coke. In cement terminals, applications include unloading from railcars to storage silos, discharge from storage silos to use bins, loadout and packing systems.

Abrasion
Abrasive wear is a concern when operating rotary feeder/airlocks handling abrasive materials. Conventional feeder/airlocks are limited to lower pressure operation. However, this can be counteracted using specialist ceramic and tungsten carbide coatings on the rotor and feeder veins with the V-series feeder/airlock, which allows us to handle more abrasive materials at higher pressures.

Reduced energy consumption
Table 2 shows the significant reduction in installed power required with the V-Series at just 6 hp compared with 350 hp for the screw pump. This was the energy requirement for two airlocks, as were needed in this case, with each having an installed power of just 3 hp. This translates to an overall savings in total installed power of 32 per cent for the entire system and a reduction in operating costs of US$160 000 (Table 3), giving the plant a swift ROI of less than one year.

Case study 2
Figure 1 shows an old screw pump at a cement terminal in the US. The terminal operators wanted to repurpose the old silos for red masonry cement, which they needed to store separately to prevent product contamination. They requested that we put in a system that replaced the old screw pump but maintained the existing 12 in. x 24 in. rotary cut-off valve shown in the picture. The role of the airlock was to discharge masonry cement from the silo to a packing bin at a rate of 50 stph in an 8 in. pipeline, measuring 200 ft. long with five 90 elbows.
The system we designed is shown in Figure 2. We successfully installed the new V-Series airlock within the allotted space and achieved the desired capacity. The new system runs at 12 rpm, using the same air supply, which was 1400 sfcm at 18 psig. The Airlock is installed with a variable speed drive set to operate at between 5 and 30 rpm using a VFD drive, giving the terminal operators optimum efficiency.
This installation proves the flexibility of the system, which can be retrofitted into small spaces and replace outdated technology.

Conclusion
Significant energy savings and long-term reductions in operating costs can be achieved with a relatively straightforward switch from a screw pump to a V-Series airlock. For new conveying systems, the V-Series airlock is an energy efficient choice to help cement plants achieve their sustainability goals.

Sidebar: How does pneumatic conveying work?
A typical pneumatic conveying system runs what is known as two-phase conveying. This is a mix of dense and dilute phase conveying, in which the pipe is divided into a top half and a bottom half. Along the bottom, materials move relatively slowly. This is the dense phase. Along the top, you have fewer materials more widely dispersed in the dilute phase. These particles have been picked up by the conveying air and are almost flying along at a high velocity. As they lose velocity, they will drop out of the dilute phase and join the dense phase below. But, as the materials accumulate along the bottom of the pipe, the cross-sectional area through which air can move narrows and velocity increases again, allowing the conveying air to pick up particles and move them along at high velocity. This cycle repeats, giving a kind of wave formation in the materials along the bottom of the pipe.

Sidebar: Upgrading old systems
In the case of the cement terminal, switching from a screw pump to an airlock brought about greater efficiency and this is often the case for this kind of upgrade. However, it should be noted that in some instances when converting an old screw pump system to a rotary airlock, efficiency can be lost if displaced air needs to be compensated by increasing horsepower to the compressor or blower to an extent that the power savings on the airlock are cancelled out. For this reason, it s essential to check the existing system thoroughly before assuming that an upgrade will result in energy savings.

(Communication by the management of the company)

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Cement Makers Reaffirm Commitment to Sustainable Growth

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6 days ago

June 5, 2026

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World Environment Day spotlight on innovation and circularity

On World Environment Day, the Indian cement industry reiterated its commitment to supporting India’s climate ambitions through sustainable manufacturing, resource efficiency and the adoption of cleaner technologies.

The Cement Manufacturers’ Association (CMA) said the sector remains aligned with the Government of India’s Net Zero commitments and is accelerating efforts to reduce its environmental footprint while supporting the country’s infrastructure and development agenda.

Parth Jindal, President, CMA and Managing Director, JSW Cement, said the industry is increasingly adopting cleaner technologies, improving energy efficiency and expanding the use of alternative fuels and raw materials. He also highlighted the growing importance of circular economy practices, where industrial by-products and waste streams from one sector are utilised as resources in another.

“The Indian Cement Industry is aligned to the Government’s commitments on carbon mitigation and is accelerating the adoption of cleaner technologies, resource efficiency and circular economy practices while actively exploring the potential of Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) as a critical pathway for deep decarbonisation,” said Jindal.

He added that coprocessing industrial waste and by-products helps conserve natural resources, reduce disposal requirements and lower the environmental footprint across multiple sectors.

According to Jindal, sustainability is no longer limited to manufacturing processes but is increasingly influencing investment decisions, innovation strategies and long-term growth plans within the industry.

Echoing similar views, Dr Raghavpat Singhania, Vice President, CMA and Managing Director, JK Cement, said sustainable development extends beyond emissions reduction and must also focus on responsible resource utilisation and waste minimisation.

“Sustainability in the built environment cannot be measured by emissions alone. It is equally about how efficiently we use resources, how effectively we minimise waste and how responsibly we create the infrastructure that will serve future generations,” said Singhania.

He noted that the cement industry is advancing its sustainability agenda through greater resource efficiency, increased circularity, technological innovation and continuous improvements in manufacturing practices. As a key contributor to India’s infrastructure development, the sector has a critical role to play in balancing economic growth with environmental responsibility.

On the occasion of World Environment Day, industry leaders reaffirmed their commitment to supporting India’s climate goals while delivering the materials required for resilient, durable and sustainable infrastructure.

Concrete

Building a Greener Future Together

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7 days ago

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Environmental sustainability requires immediate action, not just long-term commitments and discussions. Recycling, circular economy practices, and technology-driven waste management can help industries reduce environmental impact while supporting sustainable growth.

Author: Jignesh Kundaria, Director and CEO, Fornnax Technology

World Environment Day serves as an important reminder that environmental sustainability can no longer remain confined to discussions, reports, or long-term commitments. The environmental challenges facing the world today demand immediate, measurable, and collective action. Across industries and communities, waste generation continues to outpace our ability to process it responsibly, placing increasing pressure on ecosystems, natural resources, public health, and the well-being of future generations.

One of the most significant shifts required today is a change in how society perceives waste. Rather than being viewed as a material to be discarded, waste must be recognised as a valuable resource that can contribute to both economic growth and environmental protection when managed through the right technologies and systems. This mindset forms the foundation of the circular economy model that countries across the world are increasingly adopting to reduce landfill dependence, recover valuable materials, and create more sustainable industrial ecosystems.

India has made meaningful progress in strengthening awareness around sustainability, recycling, and environmental responsibility over the past decade. Significant efforts are being made to formalise the recycling sector through improved infrastructure, technology adoption, policy implementation, and broader stakeholder participation. These developments are creating a stronger foundation for responsible waste management and resource recovery across the country.

However, achieving long-term environmental impact requires collaboration from all stakeholders. Industries, policymakers, technology providers, and communities must work together with greater accountability to strengthen recycling ecosystems, encourage responsible waste management practices, and create sustainable outcomes through consistent execution rather than temporary interventions.

As someone closely associated with the recycling industry, I firmly believe that technology will play a decisive role in addressing future environmental challenges. Advanced recycling systems have the potential to recover valuable resources, reduce pollution, minimise landfill burdens, and conserve energy, creating a more sustainable future for generations to come. This belief is deeply reflected in Fornnax’s motto, “Committed to Create a Green Future,” which embodies our commitment to building long-term environmental value through innovation and responsible action.

At the same time, technology alone cannot deliver meaningful change. Real progress requires intent, awareness, participation, and a shared sense of responsibility. Sustainable development can only be achieved when innovation is supported by collective action and a genuine commitment to environmental stewardship.

On this World Environment Day, let us move beyond conversations and take meaningful steps towards creating a cleaner, greener, and more sustainable planet. By embracing innovation, strengthening recycling ecosystems, and acting responsibly today, we can create lasting environmental impact and secure a better future for generations to come.

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JK Lakshmi Advances LC3 Cement Expansion

Company highlights commercial production and research partnerships

Published

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The meeting reviewed progress in limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) technology and its commercial adoption in India’s cement sector, focusing on low-carbon alternatives to conventional binders. JK Lakshmi Cement noted that limestone calcined clay cement can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by up to 40 per cent compared with conventional cement and said this reduction supports industry decarbonisation. The company highlighted that it was among the first two cement manufacturers in India to move LC3 into commercial production after the Bureau of Indian Standards approved the technology as a cement standard.

Vinita Singhania said the transition of LC3 from research to commercial production reflected collaboration between industry, academia and international institutions. Maya Tissafi acknowledged JK Lakshmi Cement’s role in advancing LC3 adoption in India and its contribution in taking the technology from laboratory trials to commercial implementation. Both representatives underlined the growing relevance of sustainable construction materials as India expands infrastructure and urban development.

The meeting explored continued collaboration with Swiss research institutions such as EPFL, EMPA and ETH Zurich alongside Indian academic partners and development organisations. JK Lakshmi Cement has been associated with the LC3 initiative since 2014 and worked with EPFL, IIT Delhi, IIT Madras, Development Alternatives and Technology and Action for Rural Advancement. The company conducted one of the earliest industrial trials of LC3 and recently announced commercial production of Green Pro LC3 cement from its Jaykaypuram plant in Rajasthan.

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