Dijam Panigrahi, Co-founder and COO, GridRaster, explores the concepts of Spatial AI and Mixed Reality as the evolution of Industry 5.0 sets in motion.

Beyond the data-driven efficiencies of Industry 4.0, a new paradigm is emerging for cement manufacturers, clinker producers, and heavy materials processors: Industry 5.0. This next evolution emphasises a human-centric, resilient and sustainable approach, calling for a more symbiotic relationship between highly skilled plant operators and intelligent machines.
The goal is to leverage the precision and tireless nature of automation while keeping human ingenuity, judgment, and creativity at the core of the operation. This vision promises greater flexibility, higher quality, and improved safety, yet a massive, persistent hurdle stands in the way: the debilitating complexity of integrating industrial robotics and drones for dynamic, high-risk tasks.

The technological moat
For decades, deploying and reprogramming specialised automation such as inspection drones or robotic maintenance arms has been a task reserved for highly specialised, six-figure engineers. The geometry of a massive rotary kiln shell is non-uniform and constantly exposed to high heat. The internal structure of a cement silo is a confined, hazardous space.
Setting up a new task be it a complex, real-time measurement for hot kiln alignment, a precise path for refractory gunning inside a cooler, or a meticulous inspection route for crack detection on a kiln shell can take hours, days, or even weeks of meticulous, line-by-line coding and calibration. This lengthy, expensive process makes automation uneconomical for many high-risk maintenance procedures, effectively creating a technological moat that keeps advanced automation out of reach for tasks that truly need it.

The solution: Spatial ai shatters the code barrier
A confluence of technologies namely Spatial AI and Mixed Reality (XR) is poised to shatter this status quo, fundamentally changing the economics of automation in cement production.
Spatial AI enables machines to see, understand, and interact with the physical world in real-time, in three dimensions, and in context. In the cement plant, this means an inspection drone or robotic arm is no longer a blind piece of hardware executing pre-written code; it is a collaborative partner that understands the exact curvature of the clinker cooler, the precise location of a worn refractory brick, or the dynamic environment around a moving girth gear.
This technology allows robot programming to move from a complex coding process to a simple demonstration.
Instead of writing thousands of lines of code, a maintenance engineer simply dons a Mixed Reality headset and visually guides a drone or robotic arm through the necessary steps. The Spatial AI immediately translates the human movement, path, and intent into a precise, executable robot programme. The entire setup time for a new dynamic task, which once took days, can now be reduced to mere minutes.

The transformative impact on robotics and automation
This leap in ease-of-use does more than save time; it fundamentally transforms the capabilities of industrial robots, moving automation from rigid, pre-programmed processes to truly adaptive and cognitive systems.
The cement industry relies heavily on scheduled, resource-intensive shutdowns for critical refractory maintenance. Spatial AI transforms this process by empowering specialised robots with sub-millimeter precision. For tasks like gunning (applying new refractory material) or welding inside the massive kiln or cooler, the robotic arm can now utilise the real-time 3D plant map to dynamically compensate for thermal expansion, structural shifts, and non-uniform material wear.
A human operator, trained in refractory repair, can use the XR headset to define the optimal material application pattern on the damaged area. The Spatial AI captures this intent and programs the robotic arm to execute the task perfectly, ensuring precise coverage and material thickness, thereby extending refractory lifespan and improving energy efficiency. This is an automation that learns from expert human judgment and executes with superhuman consistency.

Adaptive automation beyond the kiln
The benefits extend far beyond the kiln and cooler and into the often overlooked, yet crucial, areas of material handling and logistics:
Stockyard Management: In large, dynamic storage domes or stockyards, Spatial AI allows autonomous heavy machinery such as dozers, stackers, and reclaimers to operate efficiently. The system constantly maps the changing shape of the stockpiles (a non-uniform, dynamic geometry) and calculates the most energy-efficient and shortest path for material movement. Robots can perform real-time volume calculations, significantly improve inventory accuracy and reduce fuel consumption from unnecessary movements.
Quarry Operations: Similarly, autonomous drilling and hauling equipment in the quarry can utilise Spatial AI to maintain optimal blast-hole patterns and navigate complex, frequently changing terrain, avoiding dynamic obstacles (like other vehicles or temporary rock falls) without human intervention. The ability to instantly train a new haul path via XR guidance drastically cuts the time needed to adapt to new quarry faces, maximising raw material throughput.

The shift to cognitive and collaborative automation
Traditional industrial robotics require a stable, predictable environment. Spatial AI introduces cognition, allowing automation to thrive in the chaotic, high-risk reality of a cement plant. Robots equipped with Spatial AI can:
Adapt to Non-Uniformity: They can perform tasks on surfaces that are hot, dirty, and physically deformed (e.g., an aging kiln shell) because they are constantly referencing a dynamic, live 3D model, rather than a fixed, pre-programmed path.
Coordinate Fleets: Spatial AI provides a common operating picture, enabling drones, stationary arms, and ground vehicles to share real-time location and task data. This is crucial for complex operations, such as having a drone inspect an area while a robotic arm is simultaneously performing a repair.

Elevating the role of the plant worker
The core of Industry 5.0 is the human operator. By having Spatial AI systems safely take over repetitive, monotonous, or highly dangerous tasks, plant personnel are liberated to focus on the highest-value work: complex process management, troubleshooting, and continuous process optimisation. This fosters a human-machine collaboration that drives innovation, enhances safety and ensures sustainability.
Spatial AI is not merely a theoretical leap in digital twin technology; it is a concrete, actionable technology that is delivering immediate, impactful change on the plant floor. By simplifying complexity and driving setup time down to minutes, this technology is the essential accelerator that makes advanced industrial automation truly accessible to all cement manufacturers, marking the definitive arrival of the human-centric, high-efficiency world of Industry 5.0.

About the author:
Dijam Panigrahi, Co-founder and COO, GridRaster is a performance-driven leader with over 20 years of global experience in market development, product management, and business growth.