Radhika Choudary, Co-Founder, Freyr Energy, speaks about the immense potential solar energy holds for the cement industry, offering solutions to combat high energy consumption and carbon emissions.
Tell us about your green energy solution.
Freyr Energy is a full-service rooftop solar company that helps home and business owners across
India to transition to solar power, seamlessly. Through our innovative approach and cutting-edge technology, SunPro+ App, which digitises the entire customer journey, from exploration to ownership of solar systems.
Our commitment to quality has earned us the trust of over 4000 satisfied customers nationwide, including prominent commercial and industrial clients such as Centuary Mattress, Shree Cement, MTAR, Reitz India, Axis Bank, Bhavika Plastek, Indian Oil, HP and MEDA.
By leveraging solar energy, we are not only reducing carbon emissions but also helping businesses and homeowners save on energy costs in the long run. Our solution is a testament to our dedication to sustainability and our mission to create a cleaner, greener future for India and beyond.
What role can solar energy play in the manufacturing process of cement?
Solar energy can play a pivotal role in revolutionising the manufacturing process of cement, addressing critical challenges faced by the industry. Historically, cement production has been associated with high energy consumption, heavy reliance on coal-based power plants and significant carbon emissions. However, the integration of solar energy presents a transformative opportunity for cement manufacturers. Solar energy integration in cement manufacturing not only will reduce their carbon emissions but also significantly cuts energy costs, especially
where it forms a sizable portion of expenses, up to 30 per cent. Keeping this in mind, key cement companies in India have set ambitious goals to reduce their carbon emissions by 15 per cent to 17 per cent over next 8 to 10 years.
Concrete examples highlight the tangible benefits of solar adoption within the industry. For instance, Shree Cement’s investment in solar power not only reduced its carbon footprint but also resulted in substantial annual cost savings of approximately Rs.55 crores. Similarly, Ultratech Cement’s cumulative solar capacity exceeding 35 MW has enabled a reduction in reliance on conventional energy sources, leading to significant savings in energy costs. Solar energy offers respite in areas with high or erratic grid prices, with added benefits from government incentives like net metering and depreciation benefits, making it an economically viable and sustainable choice for the industry.
As a renewable source of energy, does your solution impact the productivity of the manufacturing process?
Rooftop solar systems or behind-the-meter solar systems work seamlessly at a manufacturing site and will not impact productivity negatively. In fact, they can enhance productivity by reducing operating expenses and providing tax benefits. A report by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) highlights that adopting solar energy can reduce energy costs by up to 50 per cent in the industrial sector, thus enhancing productivity and competitiveness for manufacturing businesses.
Solar systems require minimal maintenance, ensuring consistent energy supply and reducing grid reliance, minimising production disruptions. Additionally, they lower greenhouse gas emissions, aligning with sustainability goals and boosting brand reputation.
However, going solar is a one-time expense that can be financed through our partner lenders or banks. This financial assistance helps manufacturers save on operating expenses and also avail tax benefits, such as accelerated depreciation (AD) of 40 per cent year-on-year until the asset is fully depreciated.
How does the use of energy supplied by your organisation create an impact on the cost of manufacturing for any product?
The average operational expenses towards electricity and fuel for the cement industry ranges between
20 per cent to 30 per cent. By transitioning to solar energy, companies can notably slash these expenses, fostering improved cash flows while demonstrating environmental responsibility. Our customers, who have chosen to go solar, have not only enhanced financial viability but also earned accolades from customers for sustainable practices Commercial and industrial customers can have an ROI of 35 per cent to 40 per cent on their solar asset investment, which means a breakeven period of less than 3 years which can be further expedited by leveraging tax benefits. Overall, our energy solutions not only reduce manufacturing costs but also bolster sustainability efforts, leading to enhanced profitability and market competitiveness for our clients.
Tell us about the role of technology and automation in generating green energy.
Technology and automation are instrumental in harnessing the full potential of green energy sources, enhancing efficiency, reliability and scalability.
Through real-time monitoring and predictive analytics, renewable energy systems optimise performance based on factors like weather patterns and demand fluctuations. Energy storage solutions and smart grid technology facilitate seamless integration into existing infrastructure and enable the efficient capture and storage of excess energy generated, while remote monitoring and maintenance ensure minimal downtime and operational costs. These innovations accelerate the transition to a sustainable energy future by maximising the potential of renewable energy sources and promoting widespread adoption.
What are the major challenges in the generation of solar energy or larger manufacturing facilities?
Solar energy generation in the Indian manufacturing sector encounters challenges such as limited rooftop space, high initial investment costs, and intermittency due to weather conditions. Additionally, the Central Electricity Authority (CEA) has highlighted the need for grid modernisation and infrastructure upgrades to accommodate the integration of renewable energy sources like solar power. Furthermore, maintenance requirements, and regulatory hurdles hinder widespread adoption. According to Bridge to India, only about 15 per cent of commercial and industrial rooftops in India are suitable for solar installation. Grid modernisation is crucial to address integration issues, ensuring stability and reliability.
Overcoming these challenges requires collaborative efforts from stakeholders and supportive policies to promote solar energy. With concerted efforts and strategic initiatives, solar energy can play a significant role in enhancing energy security and driving sustainable development in the manufacturing sector.
Tell us about the innovations in the sector of green energy that are done by your organisation and can be expected in the future.
At Freyr, our goal is to democratise access to solar energy by implementing innovations focused on standardising quality and improving customer experience. One of our key innovations is our proprietary SunPro+ App, which fully digitised the customer solar journey from start to end making the solar transition very seamless and transparent. We address the lack of customer awareness by providing comprehensive guidance on the steps involved in owning a solar system. This app gives customers a deeper understanding of the process, empowering them to make informed decisions.
Moreover, we are tackling the challenge of an unorganised sector with no established quality standards. By working with established vendors and leveraging our expertise, we’re elevating standards to provide customers with reliable and high-quality solutions.
Another issue with unorganised vendors is their poor or nonexistent after-sales service, which is especially concerning considering the long lifespan of solar systems. At Freyr, we address this by offering 24×7 after-sales support through our SunPro+ App, alongside affordable Annual Maintenance Contracts (AMCs), guaranteeing optimal system performance. Additionally, we offer collateral-free loans to make solar energy solutions more accessible and affordable, enhancing the overall customer experience.
Looking ahead, we are committed to continuous innovation in the green energy sector, with a focus on further standardising quality and enhancing customer satisfaction.
Jignesh Kundaria, Director and CEO, Fornnax Technology
India is simultaneously grappling with two crises: a mounting waste emergency and an urgent need to decarbonise its most carbon-intensive industries. The cement sector, the second-largest in the world and the backbone of the nation’s infrastructure ambitions, sits at the centre of both. It consumes enormous quantities of fossil fuel, and it has the technical capacity to consume something else entirely: the waste our cities cannot get rid of.
According to CPCB and NITI Aayog projections, India generates approximately 62.4 million tonnes of municipal solid waste annually, with that figure expected to reach 165 million tonnes by 2030. Much of this waste is energy-rich and non-recyclable. At the same time, cement kilns operate at material temperatures of approximately 1,450 degrees Celsius, with gas temperatures reaching 2,000 degrees. This high-temperature environment is ideal for co-processing, ensuring the complete thermal destruction of organic compounds without generating toxic residues. The physics are in our favour. The infrastructure is not.
Pre-processing is not the support act for co-processing. It is the main event. Get the particle size wrong, get the moisture wrong, get the calorific value wrong and your kiln thermal stability will suffer the consequences.
The Regulatory Push Is Real
The Solid Waste Management (SWM) Rules 2026 mandate that cement plants progressively replace solid fossil fuels with Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF), starting at a 5 per cent baseline and scaling to 15 per cent within six years. NITI Aayog’s 2026 Roadmap for Cement Sector Decarbonisation targets 20 to 25 per cent Thermal Substitution Rate (TSR) by 2030. Beyond compliance, every tonne of coal replaced by RDF generates measurable carbon reductions which is monetisable under India’s emerging Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS). TSR is no longer a sustainability metric. It is a financial lever.
Yet our own field assessments across multiple Indian cement plants reveal a sobering reality: the primary barrier to scaling AFR adoption is not waste availability. It is the fragmented and under-engineered pre-processing ecosystem that sits between the waste and the kiln.
Why Indian Waste Is a Different Engineering Problem
Indian municipal solid waste is not the material that imported shredding equipment was designed for. Our waste streams frequently exceed 40 per cent to 50 per cent moisture content, particularly during monsoon cycles, saturated with abrasive inerts including sand, glass, and stone. Plants relying on imported OEM equipment face months of downtime awaiting proprietary spare parts. Machines built for segregated, low-moisture waste fail quickly and disrupt the entire pre-processing operation in Indian conditions.
The two most common failures we observe are what I call the biting teeth problem and the chewing teeth problem. Plants relying solely on a primary shredder reduce bulk waste to large fractions, but the output remains too coarse for stable kiln combustion. Others attempt to use a secondary shredder as a standalone unit without a primary stage to pre-size the feed, leading to catastrophic mechanical failure. When both stages are present but mismatched in throughput capacity, the system becomes a bottleneck. Achieving the 40 to 70 tonnes per hour required for meaningful coal displacement demands a precisely coordinated two-stage process.
Engineering a Made-in-India Answer
At Fornnax, our response to these challenges is grounded in one principle: Indian waste demands Indian engineering. Our systems are built around feedstock homogeneity, the holy grail of kiln stability. Consistent particle size and predictable calorific value are the foundation of stable kiln combustion. Without them, no TSR target is achievable at scale.
Our SR-MAX2500 Dual Shaft Primary Shredder (Hydraulic Drive) processes raw, baled, or loosely mixed MSW, C&I waste, bulky waste, and plastics, reducing them to approximately 150 mm fractions at throughputs of up to 40 tonnes per hour. The R-MAX 3300 Single Shaft Secondary Shredder (Hydraulic Drive), introduced in 2025, takes that primary output and produces RDF fractions in the 30 to 80 mm range at up to 30 tonnes per hour, specifically optimised for consistent kiln feeding. We have also introduced electric drive configurations under the SR-100 HD series, with capacities between 5 and 40 tonnes per hour, already operational at a leading Indian waste-processing facility.
Looking ahead, Fornnax is expanding its portfolio with the upcoming SR-MAX3600 Hydraulic Drive primary shredder at up to 70 tonnes per hour and the R-MAX2100 Hydraulic drive secondary shredder at up to 20 tonnes per hour, designed specifically for the large-scale throughput that higher TSR ambitions require.
The Investment Case Is Now
The 2070 Net-Zero target is not a distant goal for India’s cement sector. It starts today, with decisions being made on the plant floor.
The SWM Rules 2026 are already in effect, requiring cement plants to replace coal with RDF. Carbon credit markets are opening up, and coal prices are not going to get cheaper. Every tonne of coal a cement plant replaces with waste-derived fuel saves money on one side and generates carbon credit revenue on the other. Pre-processing infrastructure is no longer just a compliance requirement. It is a business investment with a measurable return.
The good news is that nothing is missing. The technology works. The waste is available in every Indian city. The government has provided the policy direction. The only thing standing between where the industry is today and where it needs to be is the commitment to build the right infrastructure.
The cement companies that move now will not just meet the regulations. They will be ahead of every competitor that waits.
About The Author
Jignesh Kundaria is the Director and CEO of Fornnax Technology. Over an experience spanning more than two decades in the recycling industry, he has established himself as one of India’s foremost voices on waste-to-fuel technology and alternative fuel infrastructure.
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