Concrete
How Energy-Efficient Are We?
Published
3 years agoon
By
admin
As the cement sector moves towards a sustainable future, energy conservation takes centrestage. ICR looks at the efforts taken and challenges faced in achieving energy-efficient manufacturing processes
The power or energy generation in India is shared between national public utilities (around 40 per cent), state utilities and private companies (around 30 per cent each). This management sector of energy is split between several ministries: the Ministry of Power (MoP) for electricity and the coordination of energy conservation programmes; the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG); the Ministry of Coal; and, finally, the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).
According to the India Energy Report, 2021 by Enerdata, the total energy consumption per capita remained around 0.7 tonne of oil equivalent (toe) in 2021, which was about half of the Asian average consumption. Electricity consumption per capita reached 970 kWh in 2021, about a third of the Asian average. Total energy consumption reached 927 Mtoe in 2021 (+4.7 per cent), which was still 1.2 per cent below the 2019 level. It had increased rapidly over 2010-2019 (4 per cent per year). Coal is the country›s top energy source with a share of 44 per cent in 2021, followed by oil (24 per cent) and biomass (22 per cent). Natural gas covered 6 per cent and primary electricity (hydro, nuclear, solar, and wind) was at 4 per cent.
The energy sector aims to achieve an ambitious target of 450 GW of solar and wind in 2030 as it has pledged to reach carbon neutrality by 2070. What makes this target seem achievable is that the renewable capacity of the Indian energy sector (excluding large hydro) overtook 100 GW in 2021. While three quarters of the energy requirement is still met by fossil fuels, the overall consumption of energy has gone down by 5 per cent in 2021.
Cement plays a vital role in building the economy of a nation. The sector is largely dominated by players with large manufacturing capacities, making the cement industry one of the largest in the country and one that is energy intensive.
The Perform Achieve and Trade (PAT) scheme of the Ministry of Power, Government of India has so far covered 126 numbers of cement plants in India targeting to reduce specific energy consumption since its inception from 2012 onwards.

The Bureau of Energy Efficiency states that based on the threshold defined, 85 numbers of cement plants were included as DCs and their cumulative energy consumption was 15.01 million MTOE in PAT Cycle-1. Based on their specific energy consumption level, these DCs were given SEC target reduction of an average 5.43 per cent resulting in 0.815 million TOE energy consumption reduction in absolute terms. The cement sector constituted 12.19 per cent of the overall energy saving target under PAT Cycle-1.
The total savings achieved by the cement sector covering 75 numbers of designated consumers in PAT Cycle-1 is 1.48 million MTOE which is 0.665 million MTOE in excess of the target. At present, the energy consumption of these cement units as designated consumers is 23.246 million tonnes of oil equivalent. The target given for them from PAT Cycle –II onwards is 0.94 million tonnes of oil equivalent.
The cement sector is highly energy-intensive, consuming approximately 7 per cent of global industrial energy consumption each year. The manufacturing process is carried out in stages. From grinding of raw material in raw mill grinders, to pyroprocessing and clinkerisation and then grinding of clinker in roller press mills, vertical mills, balls mills etc., to obtain the final product, cement. Each stage consumes a significant amount of energy and organisations are constantly looking at solutions, technology, automation and better equipment to optimise the quantum of energy consumed in the process.
Pictorial depiction of cement manufacturing process.
Given the significant impact that the manufacturing industry has on global sustainability and considering the increasing economic pressure introduced by a competitive market and the reduction of available energy resources, optimising the energy efficiency of production systems has become a primary concern.
According to the Technological Energy Efficiency Improvements in Cement Industries Report, 2021 published at MDPI, energy consumption in the cement industry is provided by electricity and fuels.
Over 90 per cent of fuels used are consumed in the production of clinker. Electric energy, on the other hand, is used for about 39 per cent for the finishing process, for around 28 per cent for both processing the raw materials and burning the clinker, and for less than 5 per cent for other operations.
“An area where energy is majorly consumed is the grinding stage of cement manufacturing. Here is where there is a large scope of reduction of the same. The industry has worked upon the same and come up with solutions to make that happen. At one point of time, cement grinding used to take up to 50 units to 60 units of power. With the new, energy efficient mills we are able to grind clinker while using 20 units to 25 units of energy and this is a major benefit that the industry has been able to derive of the vertical roller mills or the pre-pressed grinding mills,” says Jamshed Cooper, Managing Director, HeidelbergCement India Ltd. and Zuari Cement Ltd.
“With the use of EFR and alternative fuels also the industry can save on energy. These are not directly energy efficient. Yes, the quantum of heat generation requirement for the clinkerisation process will be the same, but that can be substituted with alternative sources. Also, recycling the waste heat with the Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) unit is also a great way to save energy and use it for further processes,” he adds.

Automation and Technology
The world is moving towards digitalisation. From switching on your home lights to a manufacturing unit, the controls are moving from human to digital across the board. Technological advancement in the area of cement manufacturing has led to a lot of advancement in its functioning and has led towards achieving the goal of energy conservation by reducing its usage in the operations.
“The role of automation in the cement industry is very high. If we look back, the cement plants in the later part of 1970 or early 1980s used to have local substations or local control systems. But today with automation, plants are operated and controlled from a single location (CCR). The control room operator can see the entire plant operation from a single monitor. Functions like start or stop, alarms, process interlocks etc., are major benefits of automation that a cement plant experiences” says Kiran Patil, Managing Director, Wonder Cement.
“Furthermore, industries have used robotics in the plant, and Wonder Cement is one of the cement plants to have robotics for quality control. In this digital world, we cannot be behind and so, we are working towards the implementation of digitalisation in operation and maintenance to get better efficiency” he adds.
The cement industry is realising the importance of process control and automation to achieve their goals of energy efficiency and for a trouble free continuous operation leading to improved productivity at optimal energy levels. Automation also takes care of optimal operation in mining and hence longer life of mines and consistent desired cement quality is assured. Instrumentation and control logic can also be used effectively for taking care of human and equipment safety and to monitor equipment health and implement preventive maintenance in the manufacturing facility.
Organisations are continuously analysing and seeking advanced technical equipment that help streamline their processes and align them with the goals of achieving a similar or higher productivity level with a lower amount of energy input. This not only saves on their costs and enhances profitability for the organisation but also helps achieve their sustainability targets by reducing direct or indirect emissions caused by the cement manufacturing unit’s energy requirement.
While the input of energy is optimised by technology and automation, audits support the need of constant monitoring of the performance of the units individually as well as on a group level. A dedicated professional, certified in the area of energy consumption is stationed at every unit with the key goal of monitoring everyday consumption. Audits play a key role in achieving this goal.
Energy management bodies like Centre for Mining, Environment, Plant Engineering and Operations (CME), under the National Council for Cement and Building Materials (NCCBM), run programmes that offer technical services related to Energy Audits and WHR feasibility studies to cement plants of India.
Their services include energy audit studies in cement plants including captive power plants, management, monitoring and target setting, heat and gas balance studies, identification of potential for thermal and electrical energy savings and recommendations for remedial measures and Techno economic feasibility studies for waste heat recovery system (WHRS) in cement plants.
These audits are conducted by means of site visits and data collection, preliminary data analysis and detailed data analysis. Post which a detailed report and recommendations on economic viability is presented to the organisation in audit.
Hitesh Sukhwal, Dy General Manager – Environment, Udaipur Cement Works, says, “Our company is covered under PAT scheme. We are an ISO 50001 certified company under energy management. We have a dedicated resource under the designation of ‘energy manager,’ who is qualified to keep a check on the energy consumption of the plant and continuously optimise the same.” A periodic energy audit (once in three years) as per EC Act is done. Half yearly internal audits and external audits once a year are performed under energy management. Moreover, power monitoring reports are discussed on an everyday basis during the desktop production meeting” he adds.
Many cement producers have lowered energy costs up to 20 per cent by adopting a holistic approach to industrial energy management. The Petroleum Conservation Research Association lists some key areas where cement manufacturing units can work upon for having a more energy efficient plant:
Use improved insulating bricks/blocks in kilns and preheaters.Use energy efficient equipment like high efficiency fans, improved ball mill internals etc.
- Recover waste heat from the preheater and use it for cogeneration of power.
- Prevent idle running of equipment by providing The interlocking arrangement and operating with PLC system. Generate daily reports on idle running of equipment, also in terms of monetary losses.
- Optimise the fuel mix and raw mix by including alternative fuels and supplementary cementitious materials.
- Establish an efficient management information system for identifying various important parameters for efficient operation of the equipment and taking timely remedial measures.
- Regularly monitor and calibrate flow metres.
Carry out regular audits.
Other areas that it focuses on apart from the main manufacturing process are the various overheads and other operations where energy is consumed in smaller quantities but when clubbed together can be a large value of consumption.

“The cement industry affects climate change as it contributes 7 per cent to 8 per cent to the global carbon pool. To curtail this, stakeholders that include members of the United Nations Principal of Responsible Investment and such have begun to reach out to cement industry players across the globe to come up with solutions to cut down on CO2 emissions to see investments flow in.” says Dr Arvind Bodhankar, Executive Director, ESG & CRO, Dalmia Bharat Limited.
“Dalmia Bharat are leading the pack with commitments that encourage the circular economy. Global visionaries such as our honourable Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, have also stated that India will become a carbon-neutral country by 2070 and committed to 520 GW of renewable energy by 2030.
This has helped ease new policies as far as renewable energy is concerned and enabled sector leaders such as us to stay the course to meet our goal of becoming carbon negative by 2040,” he adds.
Alternative sources of energy like solar power plants and Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) are also a key in achieving energy efficiency and sustainability goals for every cement organisation. UltraTech has imbibed Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a business objective and is working towards reducing its energy consumption and carbon emissions. It was one of the first in the Indian cement industry to embrace the technology of WHRS. Waste heat recovery has proved to be an inexpensive energy source in addition to moderating the carbon footprint.
This has enhanced energy security (accounting for 20 per cent of power needs) for the company. UltraTech Cement has an aggregate capacity of about 59 MW in waste heat recovery systems.
In a report published at SAUR Energy International, May 2022, a major issue in the cement industry is the very high particulate matter (PM) emissions from production processes. The pollutants commonly emitted by cement plants are dust or particulate matter, NOx, SOx, carbon oxides and methane and others. Energy consumption is also an issue, with the approximate required per tonne of cement, roughly two thirds of which is used for particle size reduction.
About 65 per cent of the total electrical energy used in a cement plant is utilised for the grinding of coal, raw materials and clinker.
Some of the key players are adaption to alternative sources of energy. Ultratech Cement has a power generation capacity of 156 MW through waste heat recovery systems. The waste heat recovery capacity is expected to reach 302 MW by FY2024. In the area of renewable energy, the firm professes plans to invest in solar power generation for captive usage.
This is in addition to existing contract capacity of 148 MW renewable energy plants. UltraTech is committed to increase the share of green energy in its electricity mix to 34 per cent by 2024 from the current level of 13 per cent.
Utilising its waste heat recovery plants, and solar and wind power plants, Shree Cement boasts a renewable energy portfolio of over 234 MW. Consequently, during FY 2019-20, 45 per cent of the total energy needs of the company was fulfilled by renewable energy. The firm has a 62 kW Solar PV Power Plant at Beawar.
In 2021, Ambuja Cement and ACC announced investments in Waste Heat Recovery Systems (WHRS) across six sites in India to reduce 5.61 lakhs tons of CO2 emissions per year. ACC committed to reducing scope 1 GHG emissions by 21.3 per cent per tonne of cementitious material and scope 2 GHG emissions by 21.3 per cent per tonne of cementitious material by 2030.
Dalmia Bharat’s carbon footprint is 40 per cent lower than the global average for a cement company which places it at the top, globally in the race of decarbonising the cement sector. Dalmia Cement has been progressively producing cement with ‘greener’ alternatives.
Energy is key to the cement sector, however, the time has come to re-look at the conventional sources and to tap into the more readily available alternative sources of energy. With advancement of technology and automation across the globe, there are various equipment and machinery that make these alternative sources more effective and affordable for the cement manufacturers. It is a conscious choice that the industry shall have to make to safeguard the environment for the future generations to come in terms of availability of energy sources and the quality of surroundings they leave behind.
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Concrete
The primary high-power applications are fans and mills
Published
2 days agoon
October 10, 2025By
admin
Alex Nazareth, Whole-time Director and CEO, Innomotics India, explains how plants can achieve both cost competitiveness and sustainability by lowering emissions, reducing downtime and planning for significant power savings.
As one of the most energy-intensive industries, cement manufacturing faces growing pressure to optimise power consumption, reduce emissions and improve operational reliability. Technology providers like Innomotics India are enabling this transformation by combining advanced motors, AI-driven digital solutions and intelligent monitoring systems that enhance process stability and reduce energy costs. From severe duty motors built for extreme kiln environments to DigiMine AI solutions that optimise pyro and mill operations, Alex Nazareth, Whole-time Director and CEO, Innomotics India, explains how the company is helping cement plants achieve measurable energy savings while moving closer to their sustainability goals.
How does your Energy Performance Contracting model typically reduce power consumption in cement plants—e.g., MWh saved?
Our artificial intelligence-based DigiMine AI Pyro and Mill solutions developed specifically for the cement industry, supports our customers in improving their process stability, productivity and process efficiency. In Pyro, this is achieved by optimising fuel consumption (Coal / AFR), reducing Specific Heat Consumption and reduction in emissions (CO2, SOx and NOx) through continuous monitoring of thermodynamics in pyro and recommending set-points of crucial parameters in advance for maintaining stable operations.
Within the mill, this is achieved by improving throughput, reduce energy / power consumption and maintaining stable operations on a continuous basis. Our ROI-based value proposition captures the project KPIs like reduction of coal usage, increase of AFR, reduction of specific heat consumption (Kcal / Kg), reduction of specific power consumption (KWH / tonne), reduction of emissions, etc., by a specific percentage. This gives clarity to our customers to understand the investment vis-à-vis savings and estimate the recovery time of their investment, which typically is achieved within one year of DigiMine AI Pyro and Mill solutions implementation.
What role do digitalisation and motor monitoring play in overall plant energy optimisation?
Motors are being used extensively in cement production, and their monitoring play crucial role in ensuring continuous operation of applications. The monitoring system can automatically generate alerts for any anomaly / abnormalities in motor parameters, which allows plant team to take corrective actions and avoid any major equipment damage and breakdown. The alerts help maintenance team to plan maintenance schedule and related activity efficiently. Centralised and organised data gives overview to the engineers for day-to-day activities. Cement is amongst the top energy intensive industries in comparison to other industries. Hence, it becomes critically important to optimise efficiency, productivity and up-time of plant equipment. Motor monitoring and digitalisation plays a vital role in it. Monitoring and control of multiple applications and areas
within the plant or multiple plants becomes possible with digitalisation.
Digitalisation adds a layer on top of OT systems, bringing machine and process data onto a single interface. This solves the challenges such as system silo, different communications protocol, databases and most importantly, creates a common definition and measurement to plant KPIs. Relevant stakeholders, such as engineers, head of departments and plant heads, can see accurate information, analyse it and make better decisions with appropriate timing. In doing so, plant teams can take proactive actions before machine breakdown, enable better coordination during maintenance activities while improving operational efficiency and productivity.
Further using latest technologies like Artificial Intelligence can even assist operators in running their plant with minimal requirement of human intervention, which allows operators to utilise their time in focusing on more critical topics like analysing data to identify further improvements in operation.
Which of your high-efficiency IEC low-voltage motors deliver the best energy savings for cement mills or fans?
Innomotics India offers a range of IEC-compliant low-voltage motors engineered to deliver superior performance and energy savings, particularly for applications such as cement mills, large fans, and blowers. Innomotics has the complete range of IE4 motors from 0.37kW to 1000kW to meet the demands of cement industry. The IE5 range is also available for specific requirements.
Can safe area motors operate safely and efficiently in cement kiln environments?
Yes, safe area motors are designed to operate reliably in these environments without the risk of overheating. These motors have ingress protection that prevents dust, moisture ingress and can withstand mechanical stress. These motors are available in IE3 / IE4 efficiency classes thereby ensuring lower energy consumption during continuous operation. These motors comply with relevant Indian as well as international standards.
How do your SD Severe Duty motors contribute to lower emissions and lower cost in heavy duty cement applications?
Severe duty motors enhances energy efficiency and durability in demanding cement applications, directly contributing to lower emissions and operational costs. With high-efficiency ratings (such as IE3 or better), they reduce power consumption, minimising CO2 output from energy use. Their robust design handles extreme heat, dust and vibration—common in cement environments—ensuring reliable performance and fewer energy losses.
These motors also lower the total cost of ownership by reducing downtime, maintenance and replacement frequency. Their extended service life and minimal performance degradation help cement plants meet sustainability targets, comply with emissions regulations and improve overall energy management—all while keeping production consistent and cost-effective.
What pump, fan or compressor drive upgrades have shown approximately 60 per cent energy savings in industrial settings and can be replicated in cement plants?
In the cement industry, the primary high-power applications are fans and mills. Among these, fans have the greatest potential for energy savings. Examples, the pre-heater fan, bag house fan, and cooler fans. When there are variations in airflow or the need to maintain a constant pressure in a process, using a variable speed drive (VSD) system is a more effective option for starting and controlling these fans. This adaptive approach can lead to significant energy savings. For instance, vanes and dampers can remain open while the variable frequency drive and motor system manage airflow regulation efficiently.
Concrete
We conduct regular internal energy audits
Published
2 days agoon
October 10, 2025By
admin
Shaping the future of low-carbon cement production involves integrating renewables, digitalisation and innovative technologies. Uma Suryam, SVP and Head Manufacturing – Northern Region, Nuvoco Vistas, gives us a detailed account of how.
In an industry where energy consumption can account for a significant portion of operating costs, cement manufacturers are under increasing pressure to adopt sustainable practices without compromising efficiency. Nuvoco Vistas has taken a decisive step in this direction, leveraging digitalisation, renewable energy and innovative technologies to drive energy efficiency across its operations. In this exclusive conversation, Uma Suryam, SVP and Head Manufacturing – Northern Region, Nuvoco Vistas, shares its approach to energy management, challenges of modernising brownfield plants and its long-term roadmap to align efficiency with India’s net-zero vision.
How has your company improved energy efficiency over the past five years?
Over the past five years, we have prioritised energy conservation by enhancing operational efficiency and scaling up renewable energy adoption. Through strategic fuel mix optimisation, deployment of cleaner technologies, and greater integration of renewables, we have steadily reduced our environmental footprint while meeting energy needs sustainably.
Technological upgrades across our plants have further strengthened efficiency. These include advanced process control systems, enhanced trend analysis, grinding media optimisation and the integration of solar-powered utilities. Importantly, grid integration at our key plants has delivered significant cost savings and streamlined energy management.
A notable milestone has been the expansion of our solar power capacity and Waste Heat Recovery Systems (WHRS). Our solar power capacity has grown from 1.5 MW in FY 2021–22 to 5.5 MW, while our WHRS capacity has increased from 44.7 MW to 49 MW, underscoring our commitment to sustainable energy solutions.
What technologies or practices have shown the highest energy-saving potential in cement production?
One of our most significant achievements in advancing energy efficiency has been the successful commissioning of a 132 KV Grid Integration Project, which unified three of our major manufacturing units under a single power network. This milestone, enabled by a dedicated transmission line and a state-of-the-art Line-In Line-Out (LILO) substation, has transformed our energy management and operational capabilities.
With this integration, we have substantially reduced our contract demand, eliminated power disruptions, and enhanced operational continuity. Supported by an optical fibre network for real-time communication and automation, this project stands as a testament to our innovation-led manufacturing excellence and underscores Nuvoco’s vision of building a safer, smarter, and sustainable world.
What role does digitalisation play in achieving energy efficiency in your operations?
Digitalisation plays a transformative role in driving energy efficiency across our operations. At Nuvoco, we are leveraging cutting-edge technologies and advanced digital tools to enhance productivity, optimise energy consumption and strengthen our commitment to sustainability and employee safety.
We are developing AI-enabled dashboards to optimise WHRS and kiln operations, ensuring maximum efficiency. Additionally, our advanced AI models evaluate multiple operational parameters — including fuel pricing, moisture content and energy output — to identify the most cost-effective fuel combinations in real time. These initiatives are enabling data-driven decision-making, improving operational excellence and reducing our environmental footprint.
What is your long-term strategy for aligning energy efficiency with decarbonisation goals?
As part of India’s climate action agenda, the cement sector has laid out a clear decarbonisation roadmap to achieve net-zero CO2 emissions by 2070. At Nuvoco, we view this as both a responsibility and an opportunity to redefine the future of sustainable construction. Our long-term strategy focuses on aligning energy efficiency with decarbonisation goals by embracing innovative technologies, alternative raw materials and renewable energy solutions.
We are making strategic investments to scale up solar power installations and enhance our renewable energy mix significantly by 2028. These initiatives are a key part of our broader vision to reduce Scope 2 emissions and strengthen our contribution to India’s net-zero journey, while continuing to deliver innovative and sustainable solutions to our customers.
How do you measure and benchmark energy performance across different plants?
We adopt a comprehensive approach to measure and benchmark energy performance across our plants. Key metrics include Specific Heat Consumption (kCal/kg of clinker) and Specific Power Consumption (kWh/tonne of cement), which are continuously tracked against Best Available Technology (BAT) benchmarks, industry peers and global standards such as the WBCSD-CSI and CII benchmarks.
To ensure consistency and drive improvements, we conduct regular internal energy audits, leverage real-time dashboards and implement robust KPI tracking systems. These tools enable us to compare performance across plants effectively, identify optimisation opportunities and set actionable targets for energy efficiency and sustainability.
What are the key challenges in adopting energy-efficient equipment in brownfield cement plants?
Adopting energy-efficient technologies in brownfield cement plants presents a unique set of challenges due to the constraints of working within existing infrastructure. Firstly, the high capital expenditure and relatively long payback periods often require careful evaluation before investments are made. Additionally, integrating new technologies with legacy equipment can be complex, requiring significant customisation to ensure seamless compatibility and performance.
Another major challenge is minimising production disruptions during installation. Since brownfield plants are already operational, upgrades must be planned meticulously to avoid affecting output. In many cases, space constraints in older facilities add to the difficulty of accommodating advanced equipment without compromising existing layouts.
At Nuvoco, we address these challenges through a phased implementation approach, detailed project planning and by fostering a culture of innovation and collaboration across our plants. This helps us balance operational continuity with our commitment to driving energy efficiency and sustainability.
Concrete
Enlight Metals Supplies 3,200 Tonne of Steel for Navi Mumbai Airport
The airport is set to become Asia’s largest air connectivity hub.
Published
2 days agoon
October 10, 2025By
admin
Enlight Metals has supplied 3,200 metric tonne of steel for the newly inaugurated Navi Mumbai International Airport, marking a major contribution to one of India’s largest infrastructure projects and reinforcing the company’s commitment to supporting national development.
The Navi Mumbai International Airport, developed under a Public-Private Partnership led by the Adani Group, was inaugurated today by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The airport is set to become Asia’s largest air connectivity hub, enhancing regional connectivity, boosting economic growth, and expanding trade opportunities. Prime Minister Modi described the project as a “glimpse of Viksit Bharat,” highlighting its transformative impact on infrastructure and development in the region.
“The supply of 3,200 metric tonne of steel for this key project aligns with our focus on supporting critical infrastructure development through reliable and timely metal sourcing. Enlight Metals is committed to enhancing transparency and efficiency in the steel supply chain, contributing to projects integral to India’s growth objectives,” said Vedant Goel, Director, Enlight Metals.
Enlight Metals has implemented technology-driven solutions to strengthen supply chain efficiency, ensuring consistent availability of construction materials for large-scale projects nationwide. Its contribution to the Navi Mumbai International Airport underscores the company’s growing role in supporting India’s infrastructure development initiatives.
This milestone reflects Enlight Metals’ ongoing engagement in delivering quality materials and timely services for major national projects, further cementing its position as a reliable partner in India’s infrastructure sector

The primary high-power applications are fans and mills

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Enlight Metals Supplies 3,200 Tonne of Steel for Navi Mumbai Airport

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