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Moisture measurement in bulk solids including RMC

Published

4 years ago

December 21, 2021

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Time Domain Refractometry (TDR) is a method used to measure the dielectric constant (water content) of a material. Metal conductors or rods are used as wave guides for the transmission of the TDR-signal. The device generates a high-frequency-pulse (up to 1GHz) which propagates along the wave guides at the speed near to light, generating an electromagnetic field around the probe. At the end of the wave guides, the pulse is reflected to its source. The resulting transit time from picoseconds to nanoseconds and dielectric constant provide an accurate measurement of moisture content. The moisture content is calculated inside the device and is available at standard analogue outputs.

IMKO, a German company, which part of the Endress+Hauser Group has developed a patented measuring method called TRIME® TDR method. With this technology it is possible to measure the transit time with a resolution of 3 picoseconds. The TRIME® TDR method has been successfully used more than 30 years in the process industry.

The TRIME® TDR -technique has an ideal measuring frequency between 600MHz and 1.2GHz and the measuring field penetrates deep into the material. The electromagnetic pulses generated in the TRIME device are high enough and constant for good resolution and accuracy of measurement. In addition, disturbing influences such as electrical conductivity have nearly no effect. Precise moisture can be measured in temperatures up to 120°C. TRIME® TDR technology is used in Solitrend product which helps to increase product quality and reduce energy efforts due to precise moisture measurement.

The senor used in Solitrend is in direct contact with the material. Calibration is a simple linear equation. Measurement field adapts itself to the shape of material and is quite large. It is also undisturbed by dripping water, air and dirt. The probes are extremely rugged for exceptionally long operational life. It also replaces time consuming lab analysis and manual sampling with continuous online measurement.

Both In line as well as portable probes measurements are available.

Application

l The building industry. Moisture measurement in Ready Mix Concrete.

l In line moisture content measurement in bulk material or goods like wood chips, pellets, animal food etc.

l The glass and ceramics industry like silica sand, moulding sand, ceramics mass.

l Food Industry. Malting plants, Corn, Sludge drying, Fluid bed dryers (inlet/outlet).

Limitations of other methods

Capacitance method – This method works with single measuring frequencies between 5-80MHz. The dielectric constant is influenced both by moisture and salinity. It is very difficult to distinguish between the two influences and precise moisture measurements are difficult to achieve.

Microwave method – The frequencies of microwave techniques are generally higher than 2GHz. This technique leads to loss in resolution and accuracy of measurement having negative influence on the readings.

Conductance or Resistance method – This method have very low measuring frequencies of about 4kHz. There is a strong influence of different salinity of the bulk material on the measurement. The difference in salinity is caused by different mineral contents temperature. Another problem of resistance method is the low penetration depth of the measuring field.

Near-Infrared method (NIR)-This method shows a very lower penetration depth and, therefore, considerable influences of material surface and thickness.

Scan the QR code for more information or write to us on info.in.sc@endress.com.

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Interior Wall Primer vs Exterior Primer: What’s the Difference

Choosing the right wall primer is essential for long-lasting paint and flawless finishes.

Published

3 days ago

December 16, 2025

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After years of moving from one rented apartment to another, Vikrant and Pooja finally moved into their own home. It was a dream they had waited for since their first job together. They had lived with all kinds of walls. Some were patchy and damp, while others had paint that peeled at the corners and refused to stay. This time, they had a choice to decorate their home exactly the way they wanted. From colour palettes to finishes, every decision mattered.

When their painter suggested using a wall primer before painting, they were curious. Wasn’t paint enough? Why an extra coat underneath? That’s when they learned that a primer is not just an extra layer; it is what decides how long your paint lasts and how beautiful your walls look.

Why a wall primer matters

A wall primer paint is the first coat applied before the actual paint. It prepares the surface, covers minor imperfections, and ensures that the paint adheres properly. Without it, walls absorb paint unevenly, making the colour look patchy and dull.

It creates the perfect base, so the paint looks rich, smooth, and even. Primer also helps paint stick better, making your walls last longer between repaints. Whether you are painting the inside or outside of your home, the primer is the foundation of a flawless finish.

Interior wall primer: For smoothness and lasting finish

Inside your home, the walls face a different kind of challenge. They deal with dust, humidity, cooking fumes, and daily wear and tear. An interior wall primer is designed to handle these exact conditions.

The Birla White ActivCoat Interior Primer offers the perfect base for all interior paints. It smoothens the surface and seals porous areas, ensuring your paint spreads evenly and adheres better. With excellent coverage and opacity, it reduces paint consumption while enhancing brightness. Every shade will look more vibrant and last much longer.

Powered by Birla White’s superior white cement base, this primer forms a strong, smooth, and bright undercoat that enhances the true colour of your paint. It ensures long-lasting adhesion, minimizes peeling, and delivers a flawless finish that makes every wall look refined and beautiful for years.

Exterior wall primer: Built for durability

Step outside, and your walls face an entirely different test. The exterior walls face harsh sunlight, rain, dust, and pollution. Ordinary paint alone cannot stand up to such exposure. You need an exterior wall primer that offers strength, protection, and durability.

Formulated with Birla White’s white cement technology, the ActivCoat Exterior Primer offers superior opacity and whiteness, creating a bright, uniform base that enhances the appearance of your topcoat. It bonds strongly with cement plaster, POP, putty, and gypsum surfaces. This primer ensures excellent adhesion and a smooth, consistent finish.

ActivCoat primer not only improves the topcoat’s performance but also reduces overall paint consumption by increasing coverage and brightness. Its high opacity ensures that colours appear richer and more vibrant, even after exposure to sunlight and outdoor conditions.

Interior vs exterior primer: The key differences

While both primers serve the same purpose, preparing your walls, they are built for different needs. The interior wall primer focuses on smoothness, brightness, and easy application. The exterior wall primer focuses on protection, endurance, and weather resistance.

Feature	Interior Wall Primer	Exterior Wall Primer
Purpose	Smooth base and enhanced finish	Long-lasting outdoor protection
Finish	Smooth and bright	Tough and durable
Best for	Bedrooms, living rooms, kitchens	Exterior walls, balconies, facades

Using the right primer ensures that your wall paint performs the way it’s meant to. Birla White ActivCoat keeps your walls bright inside and strong outside.

What happens when you skip primer

Skipping primer may save you a few hours, but it shortens the life of your paint. Without a primer, walls absorb paint unevenly. The colour fades faster and the surface starts peeling or cracking. You will end up repainting much sooner than expected. A wall primer paint ensures that every layer of paint adheres properly. In short, a primer saves both time and money while giving your walls a professional and long-lasting finish.

For Vikrant and Pooja, the learning was simple; a good paint job starts with the right base. Their interior wall primer gave their rooms a bright and polished finish. Their exterior wall primer protected their home against moisture and sunlight. Today, when they step into their living room, they see walls that look just as fresh as day one. Their dream home finally feels complete. It is strong on the outside and beautiful on the inside.

For more information, visit www.birlawhite.com

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Enlight Metals Enters Chemical Trading With New Subsidiary

Enlight TradeHub expands multi-commodity supply offering

Published

4 days ago

December 15, 2025

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Enlight Metals Pvt. Ltd., an AI-driven metal aggregator, has expanded into the chemical trading market with the launch of its new subsidiary, Enlight TradeHub Pvt. Ltd. The move represents a strategic step towards building a diversified, multi-commodity supply platform serving industrial businesses across India and Asia.

The new division will trade industrial-grade chemicals, including solvents, acids and speciality intermediates, catering to sectors such as petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, manufacturing and agriculture. Operations began in the third quarter of 2025, with the business now scaling nationwide by leveraging Enlight Metals’ existing procurement capabilities and logistics network. The company also plans to enter regional export markets in the near term.

Enlight TradeHub has been designed to operate in close integration with the company’s core metal aggregation business, enabling customers to source a wider range of raw materials through a unified procurement ecosystem. By sharing logistics infrastructure and serving a common customer base, the company expects to achieve greater operational efficiency and unlock cross-selling opportunities.

Commenting on the expansion, Vedant Goel, Chief Executive Officer and Co-founder of Enlight Metals, said the launch of Enlight TradeHub strengthens the company’s commitment to creating a technology-enabled supply ecosystem for industrial India. He added that enterprises increasingly seek reliable, transparent and consolidated access to essential raw materials, and the new division allows Enlight Metals to meet these expectations with improved scale and responsiveness.

Sustainability is a central focus for the chemicals business. Enlight TradeHub is prioritising low-emission feedstocks and bio-based alternatives, and is developing a green product line that will include recyclable industrial cleaners, scheduled for launch by mid-2026. The company is also advancing initiatives aimed at waste reduction and the development of circular supply chains.

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Lloyds Metals, Tata Steel Sign MoU For Strategic Partnership

Firms explore mining, logistics and low-carbon steel opportunities

Published

4 days ago

December 15, 2025

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Lloyds Metals and Energy Limited has entered into a non-binding memorandum of understanding with Tata Steel Limited to explore a strategic partnership across raw material mining, logistics, pellet production and steelmaking. The MoU was signed by B Prabhakaran, Managing Director of Lloyds Metals, and T V Narendran, Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director of Tata Steel.

The proposed partnership seeks to leverage operational synergies between the two companies and establish a framework to evaluate cooperation across multiple segments of the steel value chain. These include greenfield steelmaking projects, iron ore mining, slurry pipeline infrastructure, pellet manufacturing in iron ore-rich states, direct reduced iron production, and the export of value-added, low-carbon iron and steel products. The collaboration aims to combine the complementary strengths of both companies to support sustainable and efficient growth in India’s domestic steel sector.

Under the MoU, Lloyds Metals and Tata Steel will explore opportunities in the Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra, including cooperation in operating mining concessions and associated infrastructure to increase iron ore output and strengthen the region’s development as an emerging steel hub. The companies will also assess the potential for Tata Steel to participate strategically in integrated steel projects currently being developed by Lloyds Metals.

All initiatives outlined in the MoU are subject to detailed evaluation, due diligence, and the receipt of necessary internal and regulatory approvals.

Separately, Tata Steel has acquired a 50.01 per cent stake in Brahmani River Pellet Limited, becoming a co-owner of the company. The asset includes a 4 million tonnes per annum pellet plant in Jajpur, Odisha, along with a 212-kilometre slurry pipeline connected to a beneficiation plant at Barbil.

Tata Steel is among the world’s oldest steel producers, with a crude steelmaking capacity of 35 million tonnes per annum, ranking it as the eighth-largest steel company globally. The company operates integrated steelmaking facilities and offers a diversified portfolio of value-added and branded steel products.

Lloyds Metals is a leading mining and metals player in Maharashtra and currently operates the country’s largest iron ore mine in Gadchiroli. In addition to producing high-quality direct reduced iron, pellets and iron ore, the company is expanding into integrated steel manufacturing, positioning Gadchiroli as a key emerging steel hub in India.