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Today the industry is totally focused on improving the energy efficiency

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Vivek Taneja, Head-Business Development, Thermax, Power Divison.

The industry has realised the potential of energy savings by installing WHR systems. The technology is now mature and the industry too, has learnt the importance of contracting the project to local and technologically capable partners. Rising fuel costs and incentives for adapting green technologies are giving a further push to the sector. Vivek Taneja, Head-Business Development, Thermax, Power Division, talks about the growth potential and the benefits of setting up a WHR plant for cement manufacturers. Excerpts from the interview.

What are the main products offered by your company?

Thermax supports global clients with energy and environment solutions. We have facilities for in-house manufacturing of boilers, water and effluent treatment plants, air pollution control equipment, air-cooled condensers, speciality chemicals and resins, etc.

Thermax builds and commissions turnkey captive power plants. As of March 2014, Thermax has a portfolio of over 85 power projects commissioned in the EPC (Engineer – Procure – Construct) mode in India and abroad. More than 25 of these are for the cement sector. Power plants designed by Thermax are based on a variety of fuels such as coal (Indian as well as imported), petroleum coke, lignite, coal washery, naptha, natural gas and waste heat recovered from industrial applications such as cement manufacturing, sponge iron kiln, blast furnace, coke oven smelters, etc. Additionally, Thermax offers Operation & Maintenance (O&M) services for power plants, with more than 35 assets under its operational supervision currently.

Where are your manufacturing facilities located?

Our main manufacturing facilities for heating and cooling equipment are located in Chinchwad, Maharashtra and Savli, Gujarat. These are supported by an assembly unit for large export boilers at Mundra, Gujarat. We also have facilities for air pollution control systems, speciality chemicals and resins, respectively at Solapur, Paud, both in Maharashtra, and at Jhagadia in Gujarat. Our overseas manufacturing facilities for various subsidiaries are located in China, Denmark and Germany.

Is there a minimum plant capacity (or any other) requirement for WHR systems to be feasible?

Generally, the feasibility of a cement waste heat recovery (WHR) plant primarily depends on the net power that is generated by the power project. The amount of power generated in turn depends on multiple factors such as the gas flow that can be tapped from the cement kiln; the exhaust gas temperature that will be required for the cement manufacturing process; ambient conditions such as moisture content in the raw material; and the number of kilns in the cement manufacturing plant.

In case of existing cement plants, factors such as availability of pressure drop margins in existing equipment as well as space are key factors that influence the amount of power that can be reliably generated from the WHR project.

For cement manufacturers whose focus is on reducing their carbon footprint or reducing the CO2 emissions from their plant, even a small scale WHR plant can be highly beneficial to achieve their target. Hence, the feasibility for a WHR project will actually depend on multiple factors and can’t be generalised on only the plant capacity.

How much savings could be expected from a WHR system?

The power generated from a CWHR system can actually be treated as incidental power that is generated free of cost. This is because the waste heat usually let off into the atmosphere is utilised to generate power in this case. Hence, a 1×10 MW CWHR system can deliver savings of approximately 43 crore per annum for a cement manufacturer who currently receives power from the grid at Rs 6/Kwh. However, these figures can change depending on factors such as local power tariff, auxiliary power consumption of the WHR system, design parameters of the power plant, operations and maintenance philosophy of the plant, etc. Since the concept of lifetime cost is not so well evolved, we find many manufacturers giving different part of the value chain to different stakeholders leaving the integration issues open to save on upfront capital cost. Some of the manufacturers mitigate the risks of these various factors by giving the total project from design, engineering and procurement to construction and thereafter the long term operation and maintenance to one single party who is solely responsible for overall performance. This way the partner so chosen does not compromise on upfront capital cost and concentrates more on engineering a user and maintenance- friendly plant that will give better cost returns to the investor over the lifetime of the project.

How much is the capital investment required to set up and run a WHR system?

The capital investment required to set up a WHR system depends on whether it is a greenfield or a brownfield project. Additionally, factors such as number of boilers, orientation of boilers, availability of space near the tapping points, length of boiler ducting, type of condenser, etc also have a direct impact on the project cost. Whether the plant is conceptualised and engineered to fit a specific budget or is it engineered to have optimised performance under varied operational conditions also play an important role in capital investment. The level of automation for future remote performance monitoring too plays a large role in initial investment.

As far as the operating cost of WHR system is concerned, the fuel cost is free. Hence, the cost operating cost is likely to be 50 – 60 per cent less, compared to any solid fuel-based captive power project.

How long does it take to obtain ROI and how much is the general service life of WHR systems?

The duration of getting ROI in a WHR system can vary between three – five years depending on multiple conditions prevailing at the cement plant where the system is being installed and it is usually designed for a service life of more than 15 years. The ROI can be further improved if the benefits of renewable energy projects such as accelerated depreciation, tax exemptions, etc are extended to CWHR projects, either directly or through inter-tradeability of ECerts in lieu with REC’s in the market.

Which are the new developments in the WHR designs?

Today the industry is focused on improving the energy efficiency and decreasing the specific energy consumption. Additionally, unavailability of fuel (specifically coal) at low cost is also a factor that has a direct impact on the profitability of any cement manufacturer.

Hence, the current focus is on a better design for WHR systems to improve the thermal efficiency and also to decrease the specific steam consumption of the WHR system. These coupled with improved designs to reduce the down time due to maintenance related activities are some of the aspects that Thermax is currently working on. Moreover as mentioned earlier since the lifetime costs are dependent on various factors we find more and more interest in the market to give an EPCOM (EPC + integrated long term O&M) order to a single entity. Such an order ensures a plant design that facilitates maintenance friendliness and optimal opex (operational expenditure) to give long-term benefits to the investor.

Name some of your landmark projects.

Thermax has successfully commissioned the first WHR project for cement in India that was approved by UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) for availing the CDM benefits. This project, located in Rajasthan was for one of India’s leading cement manufacturers in Northern India. Thermax’s scope of work included turnkey solution for setting up this power project, including engineering, design, procurement, erection and commissioning of all the equipment and their auxiliaries. Thermax is currently offering its O&M services to the project. Apart from this project, Thermax has successfully contracted two more WHR projects in India. Some of the projects under our comprehensive O&M contracts have given consistent above average availability and power output for over four years now.

Is there a trend change in the type of systems demanded by the industry?

In the recent past, the industry has shown interest in maximising the quantum of power that can be generated from waste gases. Hence , the waste gases in the AQC, earlier tapped from the end point are now tapped from mid tap location where the temperature of the waste gas is comparatively higher and thus results in higher heat recovery. Another change that we have noticed of-late is the requirement of dual pressure recovery option as compared to a conventional single pressure recovery system to extract the maximum possible heat from the system.

How did the industry perform in the year 2013-14 and what are your projections for 2014-15?

As most cement manufacturers are keen on improving the energy efficiency of their manufacturing process, acceptability of CWHR projects has increased in recent years. Earlier, most of the projects were conceptualised without any WHR system. So, with the present level of interest, we expect cement plants to be conceptualised with an integrated CWHR system. Moreover, with PAT schemes being implemented, manufacturers now have targets to reduce energy intensity in a time- bound manner and CWHR forms an integral part of the plan for significant reduction. With some CWHR power projects running and maintained well for over 4 years, investors are confident that even poorly engineered plants can be turned around. All it needs is sharp focus on the right technology and a committed EPC partner who can take on the responsibility of long term maintenance guarantees as well.

How do you view the competition from Chinese equipment manufacturers?

Chinese equipment manufacturers enter the Indian market with a low cost model and committed shorter delivery schedules. However, in several cases, projects have not been completed as per the committed schedule because of various issues such as inability to understand the local requirements, labour trouble, issues with contractor management, etc. Hence, the project life-cycle costs should be seriously considered in any plan to set up WHR projects. Moreover, the long term reliability of spares and service support too, is not well established with overseas partners, thus adding another facet of risk to the investor in the project’s lifetime costs. We feel that with increased awareness on this aspect (the benefits of lifetime costs versus capital cost) and with the successful track record of Indian partners, today far-sighted manufacturers are willing to pay a certain premium for a proven model.

Concrete

We engineer smarter systems to reduce waste

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Naveen Kumar Sharma, AVP – Sales and Marketing, Toshniwal Industries, talks about redefining instrumentation with customised, digitally enabled solutions engineered for harsh plant environments.

For over six decades, Toshniwal Industries has played a pioneering role in advancing process instrumentation for Indian manufacturing. In this exclusive conversation with Kanika Mathur, Naveen Kumar Sharma, AVP – Sales & Marketing, explains how the company designs kiln and grinding plant solutions tailored to the unique demands of the cement industry. As plants transition to higher AFR use and smarter automation, Toshniwal’s technologies offer greater reliability, accuracy and predictive insight.

Tell us how are your process instruments and condition monitoring system customised for cement kilns and grinding plant operations?
Toshniwal is a company with a legacy of over 65 years, and our experience has taught us that cement kilns and grinding units are fundamentally different in their operational demands. As an Indian company, we understand the unique requirements of Indian cement manufacturers. We work closely with our customers, engage deeply with their technical teams, and study operational challenges in real-time.
Based on these insights, we customise our solutions for both kiln and grinding applications. This tailoring is not just at a product level, but at a solution level—engineering design, instrumentation logic, and process optimisation. Our primary objective, for both the industry and our customers, is to reduce yield loss. Every customisation we implement is driven by this goal. We engineer smarter systems to reduce waste, improve consistency and increase plant reliability.
Ultimately, our solutions are built on an understanding that cement manufacturers require robust, practical and maintainable instruments. We design with this mindset so plants can operate more efficiently, with better control and higher profitability.

With the rising use of AFR, how do your solutions support thermal zone reliability and process time?
Our solutions are built around four core parameters: energy efficiency, yield loss reduction, product quality and environmental responsibility. These pillars drive our engineering decisions and define how our technologies support cement plants, especially as they adopt alternative fuels and raw materials (AFR).
We strongly believe in energy conservation. Every product we offer—whether for thermal monitoring, kiln control or flame optimisation—is engineered to improve energy performance. Reducing yield loss is another principle deeply embedded in our solutions, because production interruptions and material losses directly affect plant profitability and clinker quality.
We are also highly conscious of the end-product quality delivered by our customers to their markets. Consistency in burning, heat transfer, and thermal profiling directly influences clinker characteristics, and our instruments help maintain this stability.
Lastly, and most importantly, we care about the environment. We want to leave a greener world for the next generation. This mindset aligns with India’s digitalisation movement, advocated by our Prime Minister. Digital technologies are crucial for optimising AFR use, process stability, emissions and kiln efficiency. We are proud to contribute to this transition.
By optimising flame patterns, energy use, and pollution, our solutions deliver direct and indirect savings. Plants benefit from lower operational losses, reduced maintenance, and improved reliability, especially in pyroprocessing zones.

Tell us how do you address harsh environment challenges in cement plants, say dust, temperature, etc. with your sensor and monitoring?
This is a very important question because cement plants, steel plants, and power plants operate in extremely harsh environments. There are two major categories of specifications that we must respect while designing solutions: technical specifications and environmental specifications. Technical specifications relate to performance accuracy, measurement integrity, responsiveness and process safety. Environmental specifications, on the other hand, relate to high temperatures, heavy dust, humidity, vibrations and corrosive atmospheres. Our solutions are engineered to withstand both. We customise sensors, housings, mounting mechanisms and protective systems so that our instruments operate at 100 per cent functionality in harsh conditions. We ensure that the plant experiences minimal downtime from our systems. That is our engineering philosophy—solutions must work reliably in real-world environments, not just in ideal laboratory conditions.

What retrofit pathways do you offer for older cement lines to upgrade measurement and monitoring systems and how is the Indian market responding?
Every solution we provide is scalable and digitally adaptable. Technology evolves rapidly, and our offerings evolve with it. When we upgrade instruments or monitoring systems, we design them to integrate with existing plant infrastructure, so customers do not have to rebuild everything from scratch. Once our solution is installed, software upgrades or performance improvements can often be deployed without major cost. This ensures that customers continue to benefit from ongoing technological advancements. The Indian market has responded positively to this approach. Plant operators appreciate solutions that are future-ready and dynamic rather than static. Scalability helps them maintain competitiveness, extend asset life, and move toward smart manufacturing with confidence.

So how is your organisation leveraging digital technologies in your instrumentation portfolio for cement plants?
Digitalisation is at the core of every product we manufacture. We stand firmly behind the digital movement, not only because it represents efficiency, but because it is the direction in which the Indian industrial ecosystem is evolving. We deploy machine-vision technologies, advanced inline monitoring systems, and solutions capable of visualising the
inside of the furnace. These systems help reduce downtime, enable predictive asset management and provide actionable analytics to customers. All our technologies communicate seamlessly with Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 automation. This allows integration across SCADA, DCS, ERP, and cloud ecosystems. Digitalisation for us is not an add-on—it is foundational to how our instrumentation is built.

What are your key innovation priorities to help Indian cement plant producers hit harder, higher substitution rates, lower emissions and smarter processing?
Sustainability is a national priority, and we are committed to supporting it. Our current portfolio already helps improve efficiency, reduce emissions, and support alternative fuel integration. But our innovation roadmap goes further. We are now developing specialised productivity-oriented software modules that will provide proactive alerts—not just alarms triggered after a fault has occurred. These modules will leverage artificial intelligence and machine learning to detect patterns early. The intention is to help plant teams take corrective actions ahead of time, reducing yield loss and environmental impact. Instead of informing the plant that a disruption has happened, the system will indicate that a disruption will happen, giving operators time to prevent it. We believe that within the next 12 to 18 months, we will launch these predictive solutions in combination with our instrumentation. When implemented, they will significantly improve decision-making, process stability and environmental performance across the Indian cement sector.

– Kanika Mathur

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Concrete

India donates 225t of cement for Myanmar earthquake relief

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On 23 May 2025, the Indian Navy ship UMS Myitkyina arrived at Thilawa (MITT) port carrying 225 tonnes of cement provided by the Indian government to aid post-earthquake rebuilding efforts in Myanmar. As reported by the Global Light of Myanmar, a formal handover of 4500 50kg cement bags took place that afternoon. The Yangon Region authorities managed the loading of the cement onto trucks for distribution to the earthquake-affected zones.

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Concrete

Reclamation of Used Oil for a Greener Future

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In this insightful article, KB Mathur, Founder and Director, Global Technical Services, explores how reclaiming used lubricants through advanced filtration and on-site testing can drive cost savings, enhance productivity, and support a greener industrial future. Read on to discover how oil regeneration is revolutionising sustainability in cement and core industries.

The core principle of the circular economy is to redefine the life cycle of materials and products. Unlike traditional linear models where waste from industrial production is dumped/discarded into the environment causing immense harm to the environment;the circular model seeks to keep materials literally in continuous circulation. This is achievedthrough processes cycle of reduction, regeneration, validating (testing) and reuse. Product once
validated as fit, this model ensures that products and materials are reintroduced into the production system, minimising waste. The result? Cleaner and greener manufacturing that fosters a more sustainable planet for future generations.

The current landscape of lubricants
Modern lubricants, typically derived from refined hydrocarbons, made from highly refined petroleum base stocks from crude oil. These play a critical role in maintaining the performance of machinery by reducing friction, enabling smooth operation, preventing damage and wear. However, most of these lubricants; derived from finite petroleum resources pose an environmental challenge once used and disposed of. As industries become increasingly conscious of their environmental impact, the paramount importance or focus is shifting towards reducing the carbon footprint and maximising the lifespan of lubricants; not just for environmental reasons but also to optimise operational costs.
During operations, lubricants often lose their efficacy and performance due to contamination and depletion of additives. When these oils reach their rejection limits (as they will now offer poor or bad lubrication) determined through laboratory testing, they are typically discarded contributing to environmental contamination and pollution.
But here lies an opportunity: Used lubricants can be regenerated and recharged, restoring them to their original performance level. This not only mitigates environmental pollution but also supports a circular economy by reducing waste and conserving resources.

Circular economy in lubricants
In the world of industrial machinery, lubricating oils while essential; are often misunderstood in terms of their life cycle. When oils are used in machinery, they don’t simply ‘DIE’. Instead, they become contaminated with moisture (water) and solid contaminants like dust, dirt, and wear debris. These contaminants degrade the oil’s effectiveness but do not render it completely unusable. Used lubricants can be regenerated via advanced filtration processes/systems and recharged with the use of performance enhancing additives hence restoring them. These oils are brought back to ‘As-New’ levels. This new fresher lubricating oil is formulated to carry out its specific job providing heightened lubrication and reliable performance of the assets with a view of improved machine condition. Hence, contributing to not just cost savings but leading to magnified productivity, and diminished environmental stress.

Save oil, save environment
At Global Technical Services (GTS), we specialise in the regeneration of hydraulic oils and gear oils used in plant operations. While we don’t recommend the regeneration of engine oils due to the complexity of contaminants and additives, our process ensures the continued utility of oils in other applications, offering both cost-saving and environmental benefits.

Regeneration process
Our regeneration plant employs state-of-the-art advanced contamination removal systems including fine and depth filters designed to remove dirt, wear particles, sludge, varnish, and water. Once contaminants are removed, the oil undergoes comprehensive testing to assess its physico-chemical properties and contamination levels. The test results indicate the status of the regenerated oil as compared to the fresh oil.
Depending upon the status the oil is further supplemented with high performance additives to bring it back to the desired specifications, under the guidance of an experienced lubrication technologist.
Contamination Removal ? Testing ? Additive Addition
(to be determined after testing in oil test laboratory)

The steps involved in this process are as follows:
1. Contamination removal: Using advanced filtration techniques to remove contaminants.
2. Testing: Assessing the oil’s properties to determine if it meets the required performance standards.
3. Additive addition: Based on testing results, performance-enhancing additives are added to restore the oil’s original characteristics.

On-site oil testing laboratories
The used oil from the machine passes through 5th generation fine filtration to be reclaimed as ‘New Oil’ and fit to use as per stringent industry standards.
To effectively implement circular economy principles in oil reclamation from used oil, establishing an on-site oil testing laboratory is crucial at any large plants or sites. Scientific testing methods ensure that regenerated oil meets the specifications required for optimal machine performance, making it suitable for reuse as ‘New Oil’ (within specified tolerances). Hence, it can be reused safely by reintroducing it in the machines.
The key parameters to be tested for regenerated hydraulic, gear and transmission oils (except Engine oils) include both physical and chemical characteristics of the lubricant:

  • Kinematic Viscosity
  • Flash Point
  • Total Acid Number
  • Moisture / Water Content
  • Oil Cleanliness
  • Elemental Analysis (Particulates, Additives and Contaminants)
  • Insoluble

The presence of an on-site laboratory is essential for making quick decisions; ensuring that test reports are available within 36 to 48 hours and this prevents potential mechanical issues/ failures from arising due to poor lubrication. This symbiotic and cyclic process helps not only reduce waste and conserve oil, but also contributes in achieving cost savings and playing a big role in green economy.

Conclusion
The future of industrial operations depends on sustainability, and reclaiming used lubricating oils plays a critical role in this transformation. Through 5th Generation Filtration processes, lubricants can be regenerated and restored to their original levels, contributing to both environmental preservation and economic efficiency.
What would happen if we didn’t recycle our lubricants? Let’s review the quadruple impacts as mentioned below:
1. Oil Conservation and Environmental Impact: Used lubricating oils after usage are normally burnt or sold to a vendor which can be misused leading to pollution. Regenerating oils rather than discarding prevents unnecessary waste and reduces the environmental footprint of the industry. It helps save invaluable resources, aligning with the principles of sustainability and the circular economy. All lubricating oils (except engine oils) can be regenerated and brought to the level of ‘As New Oils’.
2. Cost Reduction Impact: By extending the life of lubricants, industries can significantly cut down on operating costs associated with frequent oil changes, leading to considerable savings over time. Lubricating oils are expensive and saving of lubricants by the process of regeneration will overall be a game changer and highly economical to the core industries.
3. Timely Decisions Impact: Having an oil testing laboratory at site is of prime importance for getting test reports within 36 to 48 hours enabling quick decisions in critical matters that may
lead to complete shutdown of the invaluable asset/equipment.
4. Green Economy Impact: Oil Regeneration is a fundamental part of the green economy. Supporting industries in their efforts to reduce waste, conserve resources, and minimise pollution is ‘The Need of Our Times’.

About the author:
KB Mathur, Founder & Director, Global Technical Services, is a seasoned mechanical engineer with 56 years of experience in India’s oil industry and industrial reliability. He pioneered ‘Total Lubrication Management’ and has been serving the mining and cement sectors since 1999.

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