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The quick fix solution for automation

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With the ever-increasing demand for quality products and stringent environmental policies and regulations, today’s manufacturing sector has been challenged like never before to put forward the right operational and business framework to achieve productivity with optimising cost, whereas consistently maintaining the quality of the end product.

The onset of a booming economy, calls for a better and sustainable infrastructure good housing and better connectivity across cities. Pertaining to the present scenario demand for cement is inevitable and the role of cement industries is as crucial while catering to the cement demand with the quality product they have to increase the productivity and have adhered to all the industrial rules and regulations. FLSmidth realises the optimal need and requirements and has been a preferred supplier of global cement plants for more than 135 years. The QCX Automation system by FLSmidth and has been a preferred solution for cement manufacturers globally seeking high standards of quality.

QCX
QCX, the acronym stands for quality control using computers and x-ray’s, is a solution for the cement and the mineral industries that has benefited in maintaining the quality standards consistently for years. QCX is equipped with predictive modeling, smart integrated technology and process oriented control philosophy that automates a total process of quality control, start from the right sampling till the measurement, logging and a right control action to process.

To further strengthen the system capabilities, QCX version 8 has been developed and released in 2014 commercially. With over 1,000 QCX products sold worldwide, it shows the quality of the solution and an immense history behind the journey of the QCX solution. The QCX product portfolio as a wide extends from optimising the raw material from the quarry to the analysis the final cement product from the packing discharge, which is completely automated thereby providing consistent quality 365 days a year, 7 days a week and 24 hours a day with very minimal human interference.

The following QCX products are commonly found in the cement industries that cater the needs of efficiency, productivity, cost saving and safety of the equipment and personals;

  • QCX Manager
  • QCX Blend Expert – Pile and Mill
  • QCX Autosampling
  • QCX Robolab

The QCX product mentioned above support quality control at all relevant stages of cement production in a single, integrated system and with the combined FLSmidth’ s extensive experience in the cement plant process control, incorporates in-depth understanding in process environment and the need for a faster and reliable analysis results in every stage of the cement process.

QCX history
It all began in 1969 when FLSmidth installed a process computer and an x-ray analyser at the Danish Cement Plant in Aalborg. The process computer was used as a data logger, and to calculate new feeder set points, based on the analysis of the rawmix control sample. In those days, it was very advanced to have a process computer and X-ray on a cement plant, so the following was called QCX-System;

Q = Quality
C = Computer
X = X-Ray
Today, the QCX have more than 40 years of development across multiple hardware platforms and a comprehensive base of installed systems has made the QCX system the front-runner in the cement industry. The QCX systems ensure that the processing laboratory delivers safe, efficient and accurate analysis quickly and with fewer laboratory operators as possible. The advanced, user-friendly system can be tailored per the specific cement production needs, including special cement fuels and support continuous 24 x 7 operations.

Automated laboratory solutions from FLSmidth are setting new industry standards in terms of ease of use, flexibility, reliability and scalability. The error from sampling is 10-fold bigger than the error originating from the analysis from the XRF.

So obviously, the maximum investment in automation should be in sampling, but, the more investment is made on sophisticated analysis equipment and less on proper sampling.

Therefore, the QCX products installed in a cement plant would typically follow the four steps:

  • Step 1: Sampling – Eliminate the sampling error
  • Step 2: Sample Preparation – Eliminate the sample preparation error
  • Step 3: Analysis of the Sample: Eliminate the Analytic errors
  • Step 4: Corrective action: Eliminate the judgmental errors

Step 1: Sampling: QCX V8 / Autosampling from FLSmidth controls automatic sampling and pneumatic transport of the sampled material from the process areas to the laboratories for further process of the collected representative samples. Automated sampling results in samples being taken at the correct time intervals and ensures;

a.Sampling quality is representative of the larger production;
b.A fail-safe sample identification including time stamping
c.Minimal sample to sample cross contamination
d.Automated composite/average sampling.
e.Fast turnaround time from sampling to analysis
f.Complete sample traceability
g.Improved quality control;
h.Optimisation and prioritisation of the overall sample taken schedule
i.Any time sample call for additional/verification test providing flexibility to the operators.
j.Efficient people and time management, allowing the use of operators in other areas.
k.No health and safety issues for personals
l.Improved and faster troubleshooting and maintenance through informative faceplates by providing the status of the equipment
m.The pneumatic transport system has been employed for fast transportation in harsh conditions since the 1960’s. FLSmidth has been involved since the early days and has gained leadership and prominence in the market through installation and execution of 100s of projects globally
n.Sampling equipment for powder granulates lumpy materials can be collected and sent automatically to the laboratories thereby ensuring a fully automated process.
o.The advanced programming logic ensures cost-effective engineering and reliability of the equipment and the high availability of the system.
p. World wide support by a dedicated team around the clock.

QCX/Autosampling V8 can be seamlessly configured in any work process and customised according to the specific requirement if raised. FLSmidth has both semi- and fully-automated sampler for all the cement plant applications – from the raw material to cement dispatch including an all new and improvised hot Kiln outlet sampler for a very fast clinker analysis and thereby fast feedback to chemical changes introduced in the kiln. FLSmidth has over 200 QCX Autosampling systems installed worldwide providing a greater quality control and production capabilities setting them apart from the rest of the cement plants.

Step 2: Sample preparations: QCX/Robolab
is a fully automated, robotics-based laboratory concept with a very high degree of flexibility for individual solutions. The concept is based on sample preparation and analysis equipment arranged in a circular configuration around a powerful industrial robot. Analytical instruments are located in an adjoining room, typically separated by a glass wall or integrated into the robotic circle. For the first mentioned set-up, sample loading takes place via transport belts and special sample loaders. These components may be eliminated when analytical equipment units are directly placed in the robotics circle.

Sample preparation and analysis equipment are sub-supplied by leading equipment suppliers, while FLSmidth automation as the system integrators designs the total automation solution and produces the QCX/Robolab software, engineered to the project specific configuration. Depending on the automation specifications existing equipment may be integrated. The system is software wise delivered as a completely integrated system, with efficient commissioning in mind.

Samples arrive either via the connected automatic sample transport system or via manual/Semi-automatic transfer points into the robot cell. Bar code scanning for identification of incoming samples is supported.

A wide range of sample preparation and analysis task can be automated by the QCX/Robolab. Multiple robot cells or individual robot cells – can be controlled from one QCX server, and there are no limitations as to the number of interfaced equipment units. Typically applied automation tasks comprise:

  • Crushing (and drying)
  • Splitting and dosing
  • Pressed powder and/or fused bead preparation for X-ray analysis
  • Specific surface (Blaine)
  • Particle sizing
  • Colour analysis
  • Combustion analysis for carbon sulphur / H2O determination
  • Composite sample collection

For automation of cement plant production laboratories, the standard robot model used has a load capacity of 5-7 kg and a reach of 1.8 m. Automation projects in the other mineral industries such as mine exploration sample preparation and sample preparation for ship loading/mining grade control, etc. often involves handling of large, bulky sample portions. This implies the use of robot models with load capacities in the range 30-200 kg and a reach 2.5 to 3.0 m. Multiple robots with exclusive overlapping working are also possible.

The Robolab at Aalborg Portland cement installed in 1993 is still in operation tirelessly after even two decades with the same vigor. Aalborg Portland Cement, the Robolab provides:

  • 24 hours around the clock
  • +98 per cent system availability
  • No Monday morning blues
  • Same ‘operator’ on duty means: High consistency and quality 0 of sample prep and analysis.

The First Robolab in India was installed and commissioned in 2008 at Sagar Cement, Mattampalli, Suryapet Dist, Telangana. QCX/Robolab features include:
1.Fully automated sample preparation with manual or semi-automatic equipment.
2.Fully automated transport of samples between equipment units
3.Very flexible in terms of the number and types of equipment handled by the robot.
4.The typical throughput capacity of 10-20 samples per hour or higher dependent on configuration.
5.Built-in manual back-up, since all equipment can also be handled by a human operator.

Step 3: Analysis of the sample: The wet analysis method is still been used in the cement industries till date as a reference at times, with the, increase in production capacity and the ever increasing demand the need for faster analysis and feedback for better quality was in the making. Elemental analysis online applications (PGNAA or XRF) for raw material mix control have been established and acknowledged in the market since the early 1990es. These latest technical developments resulted in improvements (e.g. a reduction in variability of the controlled parameters0 of the mix quality to the levels which would not have been achievable without the online analysers and the XRF’s.

With the combination of the QCX/ Autosampling, QCX/Robolab and the QCX/BlendExpert the faster and on-time arrival of the samples with a consistent sample preparation gives the added advantage to the analysers analysis to be more accurate and eventually a better-quality product. The WDXRF is the standard for lab instruments on cement plants. On cement plants, EDXRF is typically used for online applications or for fast C+S analysis for cement mill samples. FLSmidth QCX system can be integrated with many WDXRF and EDXRF suppliers per the site or customer requirements.

Solutions for at-line free lime analysis are also available and have been out there for many years. The Cement grinding department is the focus area for the next wave of online analysis solutions. The most applied application here is the laser particle sizing installed with the main objective of power savings. However, the strong market trend to apply online/at-line analysis techniques in the cement production process also comprise Blaine, carbon-sulphur (C/S), LOI and XRD. To meet this market demand, FLSmidth automation offers a complete range of solutions, which includes sampling, sample transport and preparation, and analysis.

Step 4: Corrective action: With the faster and on-time arrival of the representative samples to the laboratory via the QCX/Autosampling and reliable and faster sample preparation via the QCX/Robolab the analysis results from the analyser should be put into use for the corrective actions and the QCX/Blendexpert is the right choice for the cement industries. The QCX/BlendExpert controls the proportioning of the raw material feed to the stockpiles, raw mills and cement mills or other process blending system to obtain the desired chemical product quality with respect to chemical constraints, process constraints, material costs etc.

Complemented by functionality for quarry operation planning and chemical mass balance and mix design calculations the QCX/Blendexpert suite of application modules support quality optimisation from the quarry to bagged cement.

The typical application of QCX/Blendexpert is material feed set-point control based on periodical analysis of representative samples of the controlled material stream. The analysis data are received automatically from the laboratory XRF spectrometer and/or from the online XRF or PGNAA analysis devices. Upon completion of an analysis cycle, new feeder set-points are calculated and automatically positioned. The control algorithms support off-line control modes (e.g. manual set point positioning or operator inserted analysis/production figures).

In addition, the new developed FlSmidth high-level control system, QCX/Blendexpert V8, eliminated the need for specific sampling and analysis of raw materials into the feeder. In addition, it displays and manages dynamic bias correction from any online analyser in the process. Customer having the QCX/Blendexpert high-level control system are benefited with:

  • Improved Chemical control results in stability of operations and delivers fast payback on investment
  • Lower fuel consumptions in the kiln and preheater.
  • Reduced equipment wear and longer lifetime of mechanical parts
  • Less thermal stress is a direct benefit of the QCX/Blendexpert’s chemistry control.
  • Up to 60 per cent lower standard deviation of LSF
  • No need for sampling, sample preparation, and analysis of raw material ? chemical values are accurately estimated.
  • Reduced need for blending silos.
  • Higher alternative fuel substitution rate.
  • Steady 24 x 7 control philosophy.
  • New, intuitive user interface, providing an easy overview of ‘next step’ operations.
  • Fast troubleshooting of material feeders through direct monitoring of feeder operation.
  • Improved accuracy and enhanced benefits from the online analysers through dynamic bias correction.
  • Best use of raw materials and additives, leading to cost savings.
  • Optimal control of material blending during upset conditions – no need to switch to manual control.
  • Existing users of QCX/Blendexpert V7 will enjoy significant improvements when upgrading to V8.

Challenges faced
Cement producers face many challenges and the QCX/Blendexpert helps them to overcome. QCX/Blendexpert optimise raw material blending to meet high-quality targets. The upshot is reduced fuel consumption and stable kiln operation. This, in turn, leads to less thermal stress on kiln parts, such as lining, resulting in fewer and shorter kiln stops.

Tight control of raw material blending negates the requirement for expensive blending silos. Silos can be considered storage buffers only and this dramatically reduces the need for capital expenditure. QCX/Blendexpert also compensates for poor functioning blending silos on existing plants.

QCX/Blendexpert is a world class control system, meaning the complex task of controlling varying raw material qualities is no longer manual. QCX/Blendexpert boasts a simple and intuitive user interface, making it easy for operators to use.

Alternative fuels are becoming an increasingly important option for cement plant to reduce their CO2 footprint. With QCX/Blendexpert Kiln operation is more stable and this enables stricter control emissions. In addition, the use of alternative fuels, without jeopardising clinker quality, opens new possibilities for many cement plants.

Results achieved with the QCX/BlendExpert V8
While high-frequency online analysers can result in improved control performance, automatic sampling and sample preparation result in more accurate and precise analysis. By integrating these analysis techniques QCX/BlendExpert delivers the vital link to attain substantial quality improvements.

FLSmidth has continuously demonstrated that QCX/BlendExpert provides considerable control improvements compared to manual set point control. QCX/BlendExpert has a proven track record to maximising performance improvements.

Quality improvement
Previous versions of QCX/BlendExpert software performed well. However, with the new QCX/BlendExpert V8, cement producers have seen a reduction of lime saturation factor (LSF) standard deviation of 60 per cent compared to earlier versions.

Auto correction of online analyser
Some plants trust their online analyser to provide correct analysis, however, this is not always the case. QCX/BlendExpert advanced process modeling takes all material process delays into the equation and compares between the quick online analyser results with a correct analysis from the laboratory XRF. Dynamic bias correction of the online analyser is based on this. This bias correction significantly enhances the value of the online analysis.

Maximum use of AFR
Alternative fuels are becoming important for most cement plants. Using by-products provides waste management options that can be economically viable, regionally available and environmentally sound. Some alternative fuels generate chemical constituents, such as alkalis or chlorides, that must be considered in the equation when designing the chemical targets of the cement.

QCX/BlendExpert is designed to handle these important factors.

  • Less Homogenising requirements
  • When engineering a cement line, eliminating or reducing the size of the homogenising equipment is often an important factor. This puts added pressure on blending the raw materials.
  • The QCX/BlendExpert proves that it’s possible to operate a cement line with a direct feed from the quarry to the mill or from the mill to the kiln.
  • This feature is effective when an existing homogenising silo is not functioning well and not blending to the desired factor.
  • No need for sampling and analysis of raw material
  • The raw material estimator had proven to be as accurate as the physical samples taken from the raw materials, thus eliminating the need for this manual process.

QCX/BlendExpert features:

  • Automatic Feeder Offset correction
  • Automatic handling of feeder starvation
  • Multiple materials per feeder
  • Silo Estimation
  • Chemistry designer tool

QCX reporting
The QCX modules are designed to operate together with the QCX reporting. The modules generate the reports for shift, day, month and yearly which includes the chemical performance and the KPI of the equipment and the overall laboratory performance. The OCX Reports offers approximately two years of data storage capacity and manages all reports as well as trend curves. The extensive and flexible report generation and graphic presentation facilities provide:

  • The configuration of general QA reports.
  • Configuration of customer specific reports
  • Auto-generation of reports.
  • Automatic scheduling of reports.
  • Report availability on the QCX website
  • Report availability via email.
  • The configuration of trend packages.
  • Fast trending chemical results
  • Trending up to 10 sample analyses in one view.

Alarm Handling: Sampling, analysis or equipment alarms and non-critical events are logged in-order-for the laboratory personnel to keep track of ‘bad’ samples and other important events, such as maintenance scheduling. Event historian: And event historian keeps track of alarms and events. The live events list and historical events are tracked and recorded. This record is useful should there be discussion regarding events or alarms or a need to review them. Easy to install, easier to use: FLSmidth has combined more than 40 years of experience in material proportioning in the development of the QCX modules in both software and hardware. The enhanced software and the hardware offer significant improvements for all cement plants. It has been designed using the latest control technologies and can be installed on a standard standalone PC, Physical or virtual. It has an easy to interpret graphical interface and advanced alarm and trend capabilities.
FLSmidth’ s eight-step implementation process

  • Project planning: An FLSmidth project manager prepares a start-to-finish strategy.
  • Client process interview: FLSmidth engineer interview the client regarding the blending control strategy, process models and other required details.
  • Application Design and process strategy review: FLSmidth designs the right solution based on the site interview.
  • Primary system commissioning; Commissioning is completed and the system is implemented and monitored on site.
  • Operator and Super-User training: FLSmidth representatives train operators in the new system.
  • Remote monitoring and fine-tuning: As the final part of commissioning. FLSmidth makes small adjustments to the system remotely – this requires a nternet connection to the system.
  • After sales service: after commissioning is completed, FLSmidth transitions the project to the service phase.
  • Establishing long-term support: FLSmidth can support the system with software updates and ensures it runs as efficiently as possible.

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Concrete

Conveyor belts are a vital link in the supply chain

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Kamlesh Jain, Managing Director, Elastocon, discusses how the brand delivers high-performance, customised conveyor belt solutions for demanding industries like cement, mining, and logistics, while embracing innovation, automation, and sustainability.

In today’s rapidly evolving industrial landscape, efficient material handling isn’t just a necessity—it’s a competitive advantage. As industries such as mining, cement, steel and logistics push for higher productivity, automation, and sustainability, the humble conveyor belt has taken on a mission-critical role. In this exclusive interview, Kamlesh Jain, Managing Director, Elastocon, discusses how the company is innovating for tougher terrains, smarter systems and a greener tomorrow.

Brief us about your company – in terms of its offerings, manufacturing facilities, and the key end-user industries it serves.
Elastocon, a flagship brand of the Royal Group, is a trusted name in the conveyor belt manufacturing industry. Under the brand name ELASTOCON, the company produces both open-end and endless belts, offering tailor-made solutions to some of the most demanding sectors such as cement, steel, power, mining, fertiliser, and logistics. Every belt is meticulously engineered—from fabric selection to material composition—to ensure optimal performance in tough working conditions. With advanced manufacturing facilities and strict quality protocols, Elastocon continues to deliver high-performance conveyor solutions designed for durability, safety, and efficiency.

How is the group addressing the needs for efficient material handling?
Efficient material handling is the backbone of any industrial operation. At Elastocon, our engineering philosophy revolves around creating belts that deliver consistent performance, long operational life, and minimal maintenance. We focus on key performance parameters such as tensile strength, abrasion resistance, tear strength, and low elongation at working tension. Our belts are designed to offer superior bonding between plies and covers, which directly impacts their life and reliability. We also support clients
with maintenance manuals and technical advice, helping them improve their system’s productivity and reduce downtime.

How critical are conveyor belts in ensuring seamless material handling?
Conveyor belts are a vital link in the supply chain across industries. In sectors like mining, cement, steel, and logistics, they facilitate the efficient movement of materials and help maintain uninterrupted production flows. At Elastocon, we recognise the crucial role of belts in minimising breakdowns and increasing plant uptime. Our belts are built to endure abrasive, high-temperature, or high-load environments. We also advocate proper system maintenance, including correct belt storage, jointing, roller alignment, and idler checks, to ensure smooth and centered belt movement, reducing operational interruptions.

What are the key market and demand drivers for the conveyor belt industry?
The growth of the conveyor belt industry is closely tied to infrastructure development, increased automation, and the push for higher operational efficiency. As industries strive to reduce labor dependency and improve productivity, there is a growing demand for advanced material handling systems. Customers today seek not just reliability, but also cost-effectiveness and technical superiority in the belts they choose. Enhanced product aesthetics and innovation in design are also becoming significant differentiators. These trends are pushing manufacturers to evolve continuously, and Elastocon is leading the way with customer-centric product development.

How does Elastocon address the diverse and evolving requirements of these sectors?
Our strength lies in offering a broad and technically advanced product portfolio that serves various industries. For general-purpose applications, our M24 and DINX/W grade belts offer excellent abrasion resistance, especially for RMHS and cement plants. For high-temperature operations, we provide HR and SHR T2 grade belts, as well as our flagship PYROCON and PYROKING belts, which can withstand extreme heat—up to 250°C continuous and even 400°C peak—thanks to advanced EPM polymers.
We also cater to sectors with specialised needs. For fire-prone environments like underground mining, we offer fire-resistant belts certified to IS 1891 Part V, ISO 340, and MSHA standards. Our OR-grade belts are designed for oil and chemical resistance, making them ideal for fertiliser and chemical industries. In high-moisture applications like food and agriculture, our MR-grade belts ensure optimal performance. This diverse range enables us to meet customer-specific challenges with precision and efficiency.

What core advantages does Elastocon offer that differentiate it from competitors?
Elastocon stands out due to its deep commitment to quality, innovation, and customer satisfaction. Every belt is customised to the client’s requirements, supported by a strong R&D foundation that keeps us aligned with global standards and trends. Our customer support doesn’t end at product delivery—we provide ongoing technical assistance and after-sales service that help clients maximise the value of their investments. Moreover, our focus on compliance and certifications ensures our belts meet stringent national and international safety and performance standards, giving customers added confidence.

How is Elastocon gearing up to meet its customers’ evolving needs?
We are conscious of the shift towards greener and smarter manufacturing practices. Elastocon is embracing sustainability by incorporating eco-friendly materials and energy-efficient manufacturing techniques. In parallel, we are developing belts that seamlessly integrate with automated systems and smart industrial platforms. Our vision is to make our products not just high-performing but also future-ready—aligned with global sustainability goals and compatible with emerging technologies in industrial automation and predictive maintenance.

What trends do you foresee shaping the future of the conveyor belt industry?
The conveyor belt industry is undergoing a significant transformation. As Industry 4.0 principles gain traction, we expect to see widespread adoption of smart belts equipped with sensors for real-time monitoring, diagnostics, and predictive maintenance. The demand for recyclable materials and sustainable designs will continue to grow. Furthermore, industry-specific customisation will increasingly replace standardisation, and belts will be expected to do more than just transport material—they will be integrated into intelligent production systems. Elastocon is already investing in these future-focused areas to stay ahead of the curve.

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Economy & Market

Impactful Branding

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Advertising or branding is never about driving sales. It’s about creating brand awareness and recall. It’s about conveying the core values of your brand to your consumers. In this context, why is branding important for cement companies? As far as the customers are concerned cement is simply cement. It is precisely for this reason that branding, marketing and advertising of cement becomes crucial. Since the customer is unable to differentiate between the shades of grey, the onus of creating this awareness is carried by the brands. That explains the heavy marketing budgets, celebrity-centric commercials, emotion-invoking taglines and campaigns enunciating the many benefits of their offerings.
Marketing strategies of cement companies have undergone gradual transformation owing to the change in consumer behaviour. While TV commercials are high on humour and emotions to establish a fast connect with the customer, social media campaigns are focussed more on capturing the consumer’s attention in an over-crowded virtual world. Branding for cement companies has become a holistic growth strategy with quantifiable results. This has made brands opt for a mix package of traditional and new-age tools, such as social media. However, the hero of every marketing communication is the message, which encapsulates the unique selling points of the product. That after all is crux of the matter here.
While cement companies are effectively using marketing tools to reach out to the consumers, they need to strengthen the four Cs of the branding process – Consumer, Cost, Communication and Convenience. Putting up the right message, at the right time and at the right place for the right kind of customer demographic is of utmost importance in the long run. It is precisely for this reason that regional players are likely to have an upper hand as they rely on local language and cultural references to drive home the point. But modern marketing and branding domain is exponentially growing and it would be an interesting exercise to tabulate and analyse its impact on branding for cement.

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Concrete

Indian cement industry is well known for its energy and natural resource efficiency

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Dr Hitesh Sukhwal, Deputy General Manager – Environment, Udaipur Cement Works Limited (UCWL) takes us through the multifaceted efforts that the company has undertaken to keep emissions in check with the use of alternative sources of energy and carbon capture technology.

Tell us about the policies of your organisation for the betterment of the environment.
Caring for people is one of the core values of our JK Lakshmi Cement Limited. We strongly believe that we all together can make a difference. In all our units, we have taken measures to reduce carbon footprint, emissions and minimise the use of natural resources. Climate change and sustainable development are major global concerns. As a responsible corporate, we are committed with and doing consistent effort small or big to preserve and enrich the environment in and around our area of operations.
As far as environmental policies are concerned, we are committed to comply with all applicable laws, standards and regulations of regulatory bodies pertaining to the environment. We are consistently making efforts to integrate the environmental concerns into the mainstream of the operations. We are giving thrust upon natural resource conservation like limestone, gypsum, water and energy. We are utilising different kinds of alternative fuels and raw materials. Awareness among the employees and local people on environmental concerns is an integral part of our company. We are adopting best environmental practices aligned with sustainable development goals.
Udaipur Cement Works Limited is a subsidiary of the JK Lakshmi Cement Limited. Since its inception, the company is committed towards boosting sustainability through adopting the latest art of technology designs, resource efficient equipment and various in-house innovations. We are giving thrust upon renewable and clean energy sources for our cement manufacturing. Solar Power and Waste Heat Recovery based power are our key ingredients for total power mix.

What impact does cement production have on the environment? Elaborate the major areas affected.
The major environmental concern areas during cement production are air emissions through point and nonpoint sources due to plant operation and emissions from mining operation, from material transport, carbon emissions through process, transit, noise pollution, vibration during mining, natural resource depletion, loss of biodiversity and change in landscape.
India is the second largest cement producer in the world. The Indian cement industry is well known for its energy and natural resource efficiency worldwide. The Indian cement industry is a frontrunner for implementing significant technology measures to ensure a greener future.
The cement industry is an energy intensive and significant contributor to climate change. Cement production contributes greenhouse gases directly and indirectly into the atmosphere through calcination and use of fossil fuels in an energy form. The industry believes in a circular economy by utilising alternative fuels for making cement. Cement companies are focusing on major areas of energy efficiency by adoption of technology measures, clinker substitution by alternative raw material for cement making, alternative fuels and green and clean energy resources. These all efforts are being done towards environment protection and sustainable future.
Nowadays, almost all cement units have a dry manufacturing process for cement production, only a few exceptions where wet manufacturing processes are in operation. In the dry manufacturing process, water is used only for the purpose of machinery cooling, which is recirculated in a closed loop, thus, no polluted water is generated during the dry manufacturing process.
We should also accept the fact that modern life is impossible without cement. However, through state-of-the-art technology and innovations, it is possible to mitigate all kinds of pollution without harm to the environment and human beings.

Tell us about the impact blended cement creates on the environment and emission rate.
Our country started cement production in 1914. However, it was introduced in the year 1904 at a small scale, earlier. Initially, the manufacturing of cement was only for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). In the 1980s, the production of blended cement was introduced by replacing fly ash and blast furnace slag. The production of blended cement increased in the growth period and crossed the 50 per cent in the year 2004.
The manufacturing of blended cement results in substantial savings in the thermal and electrical energy consumption as well as saving of natural resources. The overall consumption of raw materials, fossil fuel such as coal, efficient burning and state-of-the-art technology in cement plants have resulted in the gradual reduction of emission of carbon dioxide (CO2). Later, the production of blended cement was increased in manifolds.
If we think about the growth of blended cement in the past few decades, we can understand how much quantity of , (fly ash and slag) consumed and saved natural resources like limestone and fossil fuel, which were anyhow disposed of and harmed the environment. This is the reason it is called green cement. Reduction in the clinker to cement ratio has the second highest emission reduction potential i.e., 37 per cent. The low carbon roadmap for cement industries can be achieved from blended cement. Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC), Portland Slag Cement (PSC) and Composite Cement are already approved by the National Agency BIS.
As far as kilogram CO2 per ton of cement emission concerns, Portland Slag Cement (PSC) has a larger potential, other than PPC, Composite Cement etc. for carbon emission reduction. BIS approved 60 per cent slag and 35 per cent clinker in composition of PSC. Thus, clinker per centage is quite less in PSC composition compared to other blended cement. The manufacturing of blended cement directly reduces thermal and process emissions, which contribute high in overall emissions from the cement industry, and this cannot be addressed through adoption of energy efficiency measures.
In the coming times, the cement industry must relook for other blended cement options to achieve a low carbon emissions road map. In near future, availability of fly ash and slag in terms of quality and quantity will be reduced due to various government schemes for low carbon initiatives viz. enhance renewable energy sources, waste to energy plants etc.
Further, it is required to increase awareness among consumers, like individual home builders or large infrastructure projects, to adopt greener alternatives viz. PPC and PSC for more sustainable
resource utilisation.

What are the decarbonising efforts taken by your organisation?
India is the world’s second largest cement producer. Rapid growth of big infrastructure, low-cost housing (Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna), smart cities project and urbanisation will create cement demand in future. Being an energy intensive industry, we are also focusing upon alternative and renewable energy sources for long-term sustainable business growth for cement production.
Presently, our focus is to improve efficiency of zero carbon electricity generation technology such as waste heat recovery power through process optimisation and by adopting technological innovations in WHR power systems. We are also increasing our capacity for WHR based power and solar power in the near future. Right now, we are sourcing about 50 per cent of our power requirement from clean and renewable energy sources i.e., zero carbon electricity generation technology. Usage of alternative fuel during co-processing in the cement manufacturing process is a viable and sustainable option. In our unit, we are utilising alternative raw material and fuel for reducing carbon emissions. We are also looking forward to green logistics for our product transport in nearby areas.
By reducing clinker – cement ratio, increasing production of PPC and PSC cement, utilisation of alternative raw materials like synthetic gypsum/chemical gypsum, Jarosite generated from other process industries, we can reduce carbon emissions from cement manufacturing process. Further, we are looking forward to generating onsite fossil free electricity generation facilities by increasing the capacity of WHR based power and ground mounted solar energy plants.
We can say energy is the prime requirement of the cement industry and renewable energy is one of the major sources, which provides an opportunity to make a clean, safe and infinite source of power which is affordable for the cement industry.

What are the current programmes run by your organisation for re-building the environment and reducing pollution?
We are working in different ways for environmental aspects. As I said, we strongly believe that we all together can make a difference. We focus on every environmental aspect directly / indirectly related to our operation and surroundings.
If we talk about air pollution in operation, every section of the operational unit is well equipped with state-of-the-art technology-based air pollution control equipment (BagHouse and ESP) to mitigate the dust pollution beyond the compliance standard. We use high class standard PTFE glass fibre filter bags in our bag houses. UCWL has installed the DeNOx system (SNCR) for abatement of NOx pollution within norms. The company has installed a 6 MW capacity Waste Heat Recovery based power plant that utilises waste heat of kiln i.e., green and clean energy source. Also, installed a 14.6 MW capacity solar power system in the form of a renewable energy source.
All material transfer points are equipped with a dust extraction system. Material is stored under a covered shed to avoid secondary fugitive dust emission sources. Finished product is stored in silos. Water spraying system are mounted with material handling point. Road vacuum sweeping machine deployed for housekeeping of paved area.
In mining, have deployed wet drill machine for drilling bore holes. Controlled blasting is carried out with optimum charge using Air Decking Technique with wooden spacers and non-electric detonator (NONEL) for control of noise, fly rock, vibration, and dust emission. No secondary blasting is being done. The boulders are broken by hydraulic rock breaker. Moreover, instead of road transport, we installed Overland Belt Conveying system for crushed limestone transport from mine lease area to cement plant. Thus omit an insignificant amount of greenhouse gas emissions due to material transport, which is otherwise emitted from combustion of fossil fuel in the transport system. All point emission sources (stacks) are well equipped with online continuous emission monitoring system (OCEMS) for measuring parameters like PM, SO2 and NOx for 24×7. OCEMS data are interfaced with SPCB and CPCB servers.
The company has done considerable work upon water conservation and certified at 2.76 times water positive. We installed a digital water flow metre for each abstraction point and digital ground water level recorder for measuring ground water level 24×7. All digital metres and level recorders are monitored by an in-house designed IoT based dashboard. Through this live dashboard, we can assess the impact of rainwater harvesting (RWH) and ground water monitoring.
All points of domestic sewage are well connected with Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) and treated water is being utilised in industrial cooling purposes, green belt development and in dust suppression. Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) installed for mine’s workshop. Treated water is reused in washing activity. The unit maintains Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD).
Our unit has done extensive plantations of native and pollution tolerant species in industrial premises and mine lease areas. Moreover, we are not confined to our industrial boundary for plantation. We organised seedling distribution camps in our surrounding areas. We involve our stakeholders, too, for our plantation drive. UCWL has also extended its services under Corporate Social Responsibility for betterment of the environment in its surrounding. We conduct awareness programs for employees and stakeholders. We have banned Single Use Plastic (SUP) in our premises. In our industrial township, we have implemented a solid waste management system for our all households, guest house and bachelor hostel. A complete process of segregated waste (dry and wet) door to door collection systems is well established.

Tell us about the efforts taken by your organisation to better the environment in and around the manufacturing unit.
UCWL has invested capital in various environmental management and protection projects like installed DeNOx (SNCR) system, strengthening green belt development in and out of industrial premises, installed high class pollution control equipment, ground-mounted solar power plant etc.
The company has taken up various energy conservation projects like, installed VFD to reduce power consumption, improve efficiency of WHR power generation by installing additional economiser tubes and AI-based process optimisation systems. Further, we are going to increase WHR power generation capacity under our upcoming expansion project. UCWL promotes rainwater harvesting for augmentation of the ground water resource. Various scientifically based WHR structures are installed in plant premises and mine lease areas. About 80 per cent of present water requirement is being fulfilled by harvested rainwater sourced from Mine’s Pit. We are also looking forward towards green transport (CNG/LNG based), which will drastically reduce carbon footprint.
We are proud to say that JK Lakshmi Cement Limited has a strong leadership and vision for developing an eco-conscious and sustainable role model of our cement business. The company was a pioneer among cement industries of India, which had installed the DeNOx (SNCR) system in its cement plant.

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