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With WHRS, power requirement can be reduced by about 20-25per cent

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O P Puranmalka Managing Director, UltraTech Cement

UltraTech a leader in cement industry has made considerable investments in captive power generation. Apart from generating power from coal fired captive plants, the company satiates a large portion of its power demand through renewable sources. O P Puranmalka elaborates on some of the initiatives in an interaction with ICR. Excerpts from the interview.

What is your current requirement of power and how much of it is met through captive power production?
Our pan-India presence with 12 integrated plants, 12 grinding units and five bulk terminals demands a focused approach towards captive power production to meet our requirements. Our captive power plants with a combined capacity of 707 MW and Waste Heat Recovery System (WHRS) based power plants with a capacity of 55 MW ensure smooth and efficient operations at our units.

We have further extended the wheeling of power to some of our cement grinding units. These measures have resulted in UltraTech being able to meet over 80 per cent of its power consumption through captive sources.

Are you using renewable resources for power generation?
In our quest to explore more options for reducing our dependence on fossil fuels, our unit at Awarpur Cement Works has installed 6 solar arrays in a parallel combination through channel partner Tata BP Solar. The Awarpur unit constitutes an ideal location for a solar power plant installation because it has sufficient shadow-free land area. In addition, the intensity and clarity of light rays in the area are optimal to generate maximum power through the installation of solar arrays. Since 2009, a wind farm has been installed at our Reddipalayam unit. In 2013-14, we generated 2.9 million units from solar power panels and 2.05 million units from wind power.

Brief us about the latest investments made in the captive power generation at your plant.
UltraTech recently invested in brownfield capacity expansion projects in Karnataka, Chhattisgarh, and Rajasthan. These projects include commissioning a clinkerisation plant of 3.3 MT capacity at Rawan Cement Works, Chhattisgarh; a clinkerisation plant of 3.3 MT capacity at Rajashree Cement Works, Karnataka; grinding unit of 1.6 MT capacity at Hotgi, Maharashtra; grinding unit of 1.6 MT capacity at Jharsuguda, Orissa, and grinding unit of 1.5 MT capacity at Rajashree Cement Works, Karnataka.

Further, UltraTech acquired an integrated unit and a grinding unit from Jaypee Cement in Gujarat in June 2014. The integrated plant at Sewagram and grinding unit at Wanakbori in Gujarat together have added 4.8 million tonnes to our capacity, taking our installed capacity to 62 million tonnes.

Recently, UltraTech commissioned captive power plants incorporating latest technologies at three location; Rawan Cement Works in Chhattisgarh 1 x 30 MW, Rajashree Cement Works at Karnataka 2 x 25 MW, and Andhra Pradesh Cement Works 1 x 25 MW (commissioned) + 1 x 25 MW (commissioned).

The two captive power plants at our Sewagram Cement Works plant include a total capacity of 57.5 MW (CPP-I: 35 MW and CPP-II: 22.5 MW). The power requirement of the plant is around 57 MW. The plant also has a standby source of power of around 35 MW.

As part of its commitment to reduce its carbon footprint, UltraTech Cement commissioned a Waste Heat Recovery System (WHRS) producing 13.2 MW of electricity at Awarpur Cement Works in Maharashtra. UltraTech also has a 3.5 MW waste heat recovery plant operational at Andhra Pradesh Cement Works, Tadipatri. We are in the process of installing a WHRS at Rawan Cement Works in Chhattisgarh, Aditya Cement Works in Rajasthan, and Rajashree Cement Works in Karnataka. Post the commissioning of these three plants, UltraTech Cement will be the leader in WHRS in India with a combined capacity of 55 MW. With WHRS, power requirement can be reduced by about 20-25 per cent of total requirement for cement manufacturing. The cost of electrical power for the cement plant gets reduced to a considerable extent.

Are you facing any issues in availability of the raw materials of appropriate quality/price or any kind of logistical challenges?
Majority of our products originate from minerals extracted from quarries, such as limestone, gypsum rock and clay. We have made the use of alternative materials a strategic priority in order to reduce the consumption of natural resources and to extend the life of the quarries.

One of the raw materials used in the manufacture of cement is gypsum. Gypsum can be sourced naturally from quarries or from chemical gypsum, which is a by-product of the process used to treat flue gas from fuel or coal-fired power plants. Chemical gypsum generated during this process is an industrial waste, and depositing it in landfills could be toxic to the environment.

This chemical gypsum is now being used as a part replacement of natural gypsum in cement manufacturing at UltraTech, resulting in effective use of industrial waste as an alternative to a natural raw material, a step ahead in our sustainability journey.

India has huge potential to tap solar and wind energy. What can be done to ensure that these resources are utilised effectively?
After the two oil shocks that our country suffered in the 1970s, a lot of interest has been evinced in new and renewable forms of energy. Solar and wind energy with their "clean energy" tag have received their fair share of research and investment. At the end of last calendar year, it is estimated that India had 20,140 MW of wind power and 2,200 MW of solar power. These numbers are low considering that India generates over 967 TWh (Terra Watt-hour) of energy from non-renewable sources. To give a push to renewable energy sector in the country, we need friendly policies that will incentivise businesses to invest in such forms of thinking. We also need innovative ideas, plans and the will to implement them, even on a pilot basis. For example, the offshore wind farm is one such idea. Our country is blessed with a lot of sunshine and geographical areas like the Thar desert that lend itself to solar power generation.

With governmental will, access to suitable capital and cost effective distribution policies, there is good opportunity to become a world leader in this space, especially as there are still about 300 million people in India who have no access to electricity.

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Economy & Market

Smart Pumping for Rock Blasting

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SEEPEX introduces BN pumps with Smart Joint Access (SJA) to improve efficiency, reliability, and inspection speed in demanding rock blasting operations.
Designed for abrasive and chemical media, the solution supports precise dosing, reduced downtime, and enhanced operational safety.

SEEPEX has introduced BN pumps with Smart Joint Access (SJA), engineered for the reliable and precise transfer of abrasive, corrosive, and chemical media in mining and construction. Designed for rock blasting, the pump features a large inspection opening for quick joint checks, a compact footprint for mobile or skid-mounted installations, and flexible drive and material options for consistent performance and uptime.

“Operators can inspect joints quickly and rely on precise pumping of shear-sensitive and abrasive emulsions,” said Magalie Levray, Global Business Development Manager Mining at SEEPEX. “This is particularly critical in rock blasting, where every borehole counts for productivity.” Industry Context

Rock blasting is essential for extracting hard rock and shaping safe excavation profiles in mining and construction. Accurate and consistent loading of explosive emulsions ensures controlled fragmentation, protects personnel, and maximizes productivity. Even minor deviations in pumping can cause delays or reduce product quality. BN pumps with SJA support routine maintenance and pre-operation checks by allowing fast verification of joint integrity, enabling more efficient operations.

Always Inspection Ready

Smart Joint Access is designed for inspection-friendly operations. The large inspection opening in the suction housing provides direct access to both joints, enabling rapid pre-operation checks while maintaining high operational reliability. Technicians can assess joint condition quickly, supporting continuous, reliable operation.

Key Features

  • Compact Footprint: Fits truck-mounted mobile units, skid-mounted systems, and factory installations.
  • Flexible Drive Options: Compact hydraulic drive or electric drive configurations.
  • Hydraulic Efficiency: Low-displacement design reduces oil requirements and supports low total cost of ownership.
  • Equal Wall Stator Design: Ensures high-pressure performance in a compact footprint.
  • Material Flexibility: Stainless steel or steel housings, chrome-plated rotors, and stators in NBR, EPDM, or FKM.

Operators benefit from shorter inspection cycles, reliable dosing, seamless integration, and fast delivery through framework agreements, helping to maintain uptime in critical rock blasting processes.

Applications – Optimized for Rock Blasting

BN pumps with SJA are designed for mining, tunneling, quarrying, civil works, dam construction, and other sectors requiring precise handling of abrasive or chemical media. They provide robust performance while enabling fast, reliable inspection and maintenance.With SJA, operators can quickly access both joints without disassembly, ensuring emulsions are transferred accurately and consistently. This reduces downtime, preserves product integrity, and supports uniform dosing across multiple bore holes.

With the Smart Joint Access inspection opening, operators can quickly access and assess the condition of both joints without disassembly, enabling immediate verification of pump readiness prior to blast hole loading. This allows operators to confirm that emulsions are transferred accurately and consistently, protecting personnel, minimizing product degradation, and maintaining uniform dosing across multiple bore holes.

The combination of equal wall stator design, compact integration, flexible drives, and progressive cavity pump technology ensures continuous, reliable operation even in space-limited, high-pressure environments.

From Inspection to Operation

A leading explosives provider implemented BN pumps with SJA in open pit and underground operations. By replacing legacy pumps, inspection cycles were significantly shortened, allowing crews to complete pre-operation checks and return mobile units to productive work faster. Direct joint access through SJA enabled immediate verification, consistent emulsion dosing, and reduced downtime caused by joint-related deviations.

“The inspection opening gives immediate confidence that each joint is secure before proceeding to bore holes,” said a site technician. “It allows us to act quickly, keeping blasting schedules on track.”

Framework agreements ensured rapid pump supply and minimal downtime, supporting multi-site operations across continents

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Concrete

Digital process control is transforming grinding

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Satish Maheshwari, Chief Manufacturing Officer, Shree Cement, delves into how digital intelligence is transforming cement grinding into a predictive, stable, and energy-efficient operation.

Grinding sits at the heart of cement manufacturing, accounting for the largest share of electrical energy consumption. In this interview, Satish Maheshwari, Chief Manufacturing Officer, Shree Cement, explains how advanced grinding technologies, data-driven optimisation and process intelligence are transforming mill performance, reducing power consumption and supporting the industry’s decarbonisation goals.

How has the grinding process evolved in Indian cement plants to meet rising efficiency and sustainability expectations?
Over the past decade, Indian cement plants have seen a clear evolution in grinding technology, moving from conventional open-circuit ball mills to high-efficiency closed-circuit systems, Roller Press–Ball Mill combinations and Vertical Roller Mills (VRMs). This shift has been supported by advances in separator design, improved wear-resistant materials, and the growing use of digital process automation. As a result, grinding units today operate as highly controlled manufacturing systems where real-time data, process intelligence and efficient separation work together to deliver stable and predictable performance.
From a sustainability perspective, these developments directly reduce specific power consumption, improve equipment reliability and lower the carbon footprint per tonne of cement produced.

How critical is grinding optimisation in reducing specific power consumption across ball mills and VRMs?
Grinding is the largest consumer of electrical energy in a cement plant, which makes optimisation one of the most effective levers for improving energy efficiency. In ball mill systems, optimisation through correct media selection, charge design, diaphragm configuration, ventilation management and separator tuning can typically deliver power savings of 5 per cent to 8 per cent. In VRMs, fine-tuning airflow balance, grinding pressure, nozzle ring settings, and circulating load can unlock energy reductions in the range of 8 per cent to 12 per cent. Across both systems, sustained operation under stable conditions is critical. Consistency in mill loading and operating parameters improves quality control, reduces wear, and enables long-term energy efficiency, making stability a key operational KPI.

What challenges arise in maintaining consistent cement quality when using alternative raw materials and blended compositions?
The increased use of alternative raw materials and supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) introduces variability in chemistry, moisture, hardness, and loss on ignition. This variability makes it more challenging to maintain consistent fineness, particle size distribution, throughput and downstream performance parameters such as setting time, strength development and workability.
As clinker substitution levels rise, grinding precision becomes increasingly important. Even small improvements in consistency enable higher SCM utilisation without compromising cement performance.
Addressing these challenges requires stronger feed homogenisation, real-time quality monitoring and dynamic adjustment of grinding parameters so that output quality remains stable despite changing input characteristics.

How is digital process control changing the way grinding performance is optimised?
Digital process control is transforming grinding from an operator-dependent activity into a predictive, model-driven operation. Technologies such as online particle size and residue analysers, AI-based optimisation platforms, digital twins for VRMs and Roller Press systems, and advanced process control solutions are redefining how performance is managed.
At the same time, workforce roles are evolving. Operators are increasingly focused on interpreting data trends through digital dashboards and responding proactively rather than relying on manual interventions. Together, these tools improve mill stability, enable faster response to disturbances, maintain consistent fineness, and reduce specific energy consumption while minimising manual effort.

How do you see grinding technologies supporting the industry’s low-clinker and decarbonisation goals?
Modern grinding technologies are central to the industry’s decarbonisation efforts. They enable higher incorporation of SCMs such as fly ash, slag, and limestone, improve particle fineness and reactivity, and reduce overall power consumption. Efficient grinding makes it possible to maintain consistent cement quality at lower clinker factors. Every improvement in energy intensity and particle engineering directly contributes to lower CO2 emissions.
As India moves toward low-carbon construction, precision grinding will remain a foundational capability for delivering sustainable, high-performance cement aligned with national and global climate objectives.

How much potential does grinding optimisation hold for immediate energy
and cost savings?
The potential for near-term savings is substantial. Without major capital investment, most plants can achieve 5 per cent to 15 per cent power reduction through measures such as improving separator efficiency, optimising ventilation, refining media grading, and fine-tuning operating parameters.
With continued capacity expansion across India, advanced optimisation tools will help ensure that productivity gains are not matched by proportional increases in energy demand. Given current power costs, this translates into direct and measurable financial benefits, making grinding optimisation one of the fastest-payback operational initiatives available to cement manufacturers today.

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Concrete

Refractory demands in our kiln have changed

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Radha Singh, Senior Manager (P&Q), Shree Digvijay Cement, points out why performance, predictability and life-cycle value now matter more than routine replacement in cement kilns.

As Indian cement plants push for higher throughput, increased alternative fuel usage and tighter shutdown cycles, refractory performance in kilns and pyro-processing systems is under growing pressure. In this interview, Radha Singh, Senior Manager (P&Q), Shree Digvijay Cement, shares how refractory demands have evolved on the ground and how smarter digital monitoring is improving kiln stability, uptime and clinker quality.

How have refractory demands changed in your kiln and pyro-processing line over the last five years?
Over the last five years, refractory demands in our kiln and pyro line have changed. Earlier, the focus was mostly on standard grades and routine shutdown-based replacement. But now, because of higher production loads, more alternative fuels and raw materials (AFR) usage and greater temperature variation, the expectation from refractory has increased.
In our own case, the current kiln refractory has already completed around 1.5 years, which itself shows how much more we now rely on materials that can handle thermal shock, alkali attack and coating fluctuations. We have moved towards more stable, high-performance linings so that we don’t have to enter the kiln frequently for repairs.
Overall, the shift has been from just ‘installation and run’ to selecting refractories that give longer life, better coating behaviour and more predictable performance under tougher operating conditions.

What are the biggest refractory challenges in the preheater, calciner and cooler zones?
• Preheater: Coating instability, chloride/sulphur cycles and brick erosion.
• Calciner: AFR firing, thermal shock and alkali infiltration.
• Cooler: Severe abrasion, red-river formation and mechanical stress on linings.
Overall, the biggest challenge is maintaining lining stability under highly variable operating conditions.

How do you evaluate and select refractory partners for long-term performance?
In real plant conditions, we don’t select a refractory partner just by looking at price. First, we see their past performance in similar kilns and whether their material has actually survived our operating conditions. We also check how strong their technical support is during shutdowns, because installation quality matters as much as the material itself.
Another key point is how quickly they respond during breakdowns or hot spots. A good partner should be available on short notice. We also look at their failure analysis capability, whether they can explain why a lining failed and suggest improvements.
On top of this, we review the life they delivered in the last few campaigns, their supply reliability and their willingness to offer plant-specific custom solutions instead of generic grades. Only a partner who supports us throughout the life cycle, which includes selection, installation, monitoring and post-failure analysis, fits our long-term requirement.

Can you share a recent example where better refractory selection improved uptime or clinker quality?
Recently, we upgraded to a high-abrasion basic brick at the kiln outlet. Earlier we had frequent chipping and coating loss. With the new lining, thermal stability improved and the coating became much more stable. As a result, our shutdown interval increased and clinker quality remained more consistent. It had a direct impact on our uptime.

How is increased AFR use affecting refractory behaviour?
Increased AFR use is definitely putting more stress on the refractory. The biggest issue we see daily is the rise in chlorine, alkalis and volatiles, which directly attack the lining, especially in the calciner and kiln inlet. AFR firing is also not as stable as conventional fuel, so we face frequent temperature fluctuations, which cause more thermal shock and small cracks in the lining.
Another real problem is coating instability. Some days the coating builds too fast, other days it suddenly drops, and both conditions impact refractory life. We also notice more dust circulation and buildup inside the calciner whenever the AFR mix changes, which again increases erosion.
Because of these practical issues, we have started relying more on alkali-resistant, low-porosity and better thermal shock–resistant materials to handle the additional stress coming from AFR.

What role does digital monitoring or thermal profiling play in your refractory strategy?
Digital tools like kiln shell scanners, IR imaging and thermal profiling help us detect weakening areas much earlier. This reduces unplanned shutdowns, helps identify hotspots accurately and allows us to replace only the critical sections. Overall, our maintenance has shifted from reactive to predictive, improving lining life significantly.

How do you balance cost, durability and installation speed during refractory shutdowns?
We focus on three points:
• Material quality that suits our thermal profile and chemistry.
• Installation speed, in fast turnarounds, we prefer monolithic.
• Life-cycle cost—the cheapest material is not the most economical. We look at durability, future downtime and total cost of ownership.
This balance ensures reliable performance without unnecessary expenditure.

What refractory or pyro-processing innovations could transform Indian cement operations?
Some promising developments include:
• High-performance, low-porosity and nano-bonded refractories
• Precast modular linings to drastically reduce shutdown time
• AI-driven kiln thermal analytics
• Advanced coating management solutions
• More AFR-compatible refractory mixes

These innovations can significantly improve kiln stability, efficiency and maintenance planning across the industry.

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