Concrete

LC3 cement

Published

4 years ago

March 5, 2021

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LC3 is a new type of cement that is based on a blend of limestone and calcined clay. LC3 can reduce CO2 emissions by up to 40 percent, is made using limestone and low-grade clays which are available in abundant quantities,is cost effective and does not require capital intensive modifications to existing cement plants.

The objective of the LC3-Project is, through research and testing, to make LC3 standard and mainstream general-use cement in the global cement market.

The main research activities focus not only on specific thematic areas of cement research but also on production, environmental sustainability and cost effectiveness of this new cement.

With funding from the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation through its Global Programme in Climate Change, that has been able to bring the idea of the LC3-technology from the lab in Switzerland to all parts of the world.

Difference between LC3 and conventional Portland cement

Traditional Portland cement consists of 95% clinker. The production of it is energy-intensive and responsible for most of the CO2 within the cement. By reducing the clinker-content with so called Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs), large CO2-savings can be achieved.

LC3 is a new blend of two materials which have a synergetic effect. can reduce half of the clinker content and thereby cut up to 40% of the CO2-emissions. Furthermore, LC3 uses industrial waste materials which thereby increase the resource efficiency and reduce the utilization of the scarce raw materials that are necessary for producing clinker.

How to produce LC3?

To produce LC3, existing equipment can be used. The production line has to be adjusted since Limestone and Calcined Clay are added. The LC3-blend consists of the following materials:

Clinker that needs to be burnt at very high temperatures between 1400 and 1500?C.

Calcined clays are burnt at approximately 800?C.
Limestone is added without processing
Gypsum for workability

LC3-has been used in many different regions and different scales. Overall, more than 25 applications were already built with LC3. In Latin America, several applications have been built. They are mainly in Cuba but also in other countries. Among those applications are a LC3-house, testing sites in the sea, art sculptures and pavements.

In India, the most prominent project is the model Jhansi, India. This house is made 98% out of LC3 and it used 26.6 t of industrial waste (192 kg/sqm) and Saved 15.5 t of CO2 (114 kg/sqm). These CO2-savings are similar to the emissions of 10 passengers traveling by plane from Switzerland to South Africa.

Model house in Jhansi

But there are also numerous other projects in India. For example, the offices of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation in the compound of the Swiss Embassy in Delhi were built with LC3-prefab materials. Furthermore, some roads, a check damn and pavements were built.You find a selection of these applications on the photos.

Swiss Embassy building in Delhi Check dam in Orchha CO2-savings LC3 saves up to 40% of CO2 as compared to Ordinary Portland Cement. Most of the CO2 comes from the clinkerisation process. Therefore, reducing the clinker factor and replacing it with SCMs is the fastest intervention to save high numbers of CO2.

Within the clinker production, there are two main sources of CO2. Firstly, clinker needs to be burnt at very high temperatures between 1400 and 1500?C. Secondly, CO2 embodied in limestone is released during production. Reducing the clinker content therefore means to save both energy-related and emobied CO2.

Resource-savings

Utilization of lower grade material for LC3. Clay waste e.g. ceramic or cosmetic industry Less purity of limestone required, e.g. dolomite presence Using existing deposits of waste materials Low prices for the raw materials. Avoiding creating waste. Avoiding cost (e.g. for landfill taxes)

High performance

For more than 10 years, the prestigious research institutes EPFL, IIT Delhi and Madras and CIDEM have tested LC3 in all different aspects and came to the result LC3 reaches OPC – CEM I performance.

Not only in lab conditions but also through industrial trials and applications these findings were confirmed. They are constantly monitored in existing LC3-applications in different parts of the world and environments (e.g. marine or high-altitude applications).

Globally scalable

The raw materials limestone and calcined clay are abundantly available worldwide. Other commonly used Supplementary Cementitious Materials like fly ash or slag are already fully used and cannot be scaled for the use in cement. Furthermore, with increasing focus on sustainability more and more coal power and steel production plants are expected to be closed. This will further cut the supply of these materials as SCMs. The only material largely available and in sufficient quantity are kaolinitic clays.

Cost-effective

Different scenarios of producing LC3 were analysed financially in a study by the cement market experts. Their results showed that with a cement plant, grinding plant or Greenfield scenario the production of LC3 is profitable. The main indicator for driving the profitability is the close access to suitable clays.

Overall, the production cost can be up to 25% lower for LC3 than for OPC due to savings for energy and material. This is without additional policy incentives, such as green funds or carbon certificates, which can further increase the attractiveness for cement producers.

Ready to be implemented

LC3 is a technology which is market-ready and it is already produced in several plants in the world. The sooner the technology is rolled out globally; the more CO2-emissions can be avoided.

The already existing readiness of the technology for the industrial uptake is an important distinction compared to other green technologies.

Furthermore, LC3 can be used without additional training by builders. In India, demo constructions were built without further providing training.

Source: LC3 website.

Concrete

Transforming Interior Spaces: Trendy Wall Putty Designs to Enhance Your Home

Published

5 days ago

March 19, 2025

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When it comes to interior design, walls are more than just structural elements—they serve as the canvas for self-expression, setting the mood and personality of a space. While paint and wallpaper have long been the go-to choices for wall finishes, wall putty is emerging as a game-changer in home décor. With its smooth finish, durability, and versatility, wall putty opens a world of creative possibilities. In this article, we explore trendy wall putty designs that can elevate your interiors, turning ordinary walls into extraordinary design statements.

Wall Putty is a Must-Have in Modern Homes

Wall putty is no longer just a preparatory material for painting; it plays a significant role in modern home aesthetics. It enhances the finish of walls, making them smoother, stronger, and resistant to cracks and moisture. Additionally, high-quality putty like Birla White Wall Putty ensures better paint adhesion, resulting in long-lasting vibrancy.

Beyond its functional benefits, wall putty allows homeowners to experiment with textures and patterns, giving walls a designer touch without the hassle of high-maintenance materials like stone or wood. Whether you’re aiming for a minimalist, rustic, or ultra-modern aesthetic, wall putty designs can help achieve the look effortlessly.

Trendy Wall Putty Designs for Stunning Interiors

1. Textured Wall Putty for a Tactile Appeal

Textured walls are a popular interior trend, adding depth and dimension to living spaces. By using wall putty, homeowners can create a variety of textures, including:

Rustic Texture: Mimicking natural stone or aged plaster for an earthy, vintage feel.
Wave Patterns: Adding a sense of movement and fluidity to walls, perfect for living rooms and entryways.
Sand Finish: A subtle grainy effect that provides a sophisticated touch.

Textured putty walls work exceptionally well in accent areas, such as behind a television unit or as a backdrop for artwork.

2. Sleek and Smooth Walls for a Luxurious Look

For those who prefer a refined and elegant aesthetic, a smooth putty finish is ideal. A flawlessly smooth wall creates a premium appearance, amplifying the impact of high-quality paints. Opting for a high-performance putty like Birla White WallCare Putty ensures a glass-like finish that complements modern and contemporary interiors.

This design is perfect for:

Monochrome interiors where walls serve as a sleek backdrop.
High-gloss or matte-painted walls that need a seamless base.
Spaces with minimal décor where the walls themselves make a statement.

3. Geometric & Abstract Patterns for a Contemporary Edge

Wall putty can be artistically applied to create striking geometric or abstract patterns, adding a unique character to interiors.

Popular designs include:

Chevron or Herringbone: A dynamic, sophisticated look that pairs well with both modern and mid-century décor.
3D Raised Panels: Using putty to craft subtle raised patterns, adding a sculptural effect to the wall.
Asymmetrical Shapes: For a bold and avant-garde touch.
These patterns work best in bedrooms, study areas, or accent walls in open spaces.

4. Venetian Plaster for a Luxe European Aesthetic

Venetian plaster, an age-old technique, is making a grand comeback in modern interiors. With wall putty, you can achieve this exquisite marble-like effect, which exudes luxury and timeless charm.

This design works well for:

Statement walls in living rooms and foyers.
Elegant dining areas where a touch of opulence is desired.
Boutique-style bedrooms with a rich, textured finish.

A high-quality white cement-based putty can replicate this effect beautifully, making the walls look naturally luminous.

5. Dual-Tone or Ombre Walls for a Soft Gradient Effect

The ombre effect, a gradient transition between two colors, is a trendy and artistic way to enhance interiors. When applied over a smooth wall putty base, the gradient blends seamlessly, offering a dreamy, watercolor-like appeal.

This style is perfect for:

Children’s rooms or play areas, creating a fun and dynamic atmosphere.
Bedrooms with a soothing pastel gradient for a calming effect.
Dining spaces where a bold color fade adds character.

6. Metallic & Glossy Finishes for a Chic Look

For homeowners who love glamour and sophistication, combining wall putty with metallic paints or glossy finishes can create a high-end appeal. The smooth base of putty enhances the reflective qualities of metallic shades like gold, silver, or bronze, resulting in an opulent and dramatic effect.

Best suited for:

Luxurious master bedrooms and dressing areas.
Accent walls in dining rooms or home bars.
Commercial spaces like boutiques and salons.

How to Achieve the Best Wall Putty Designs

Choose the Right Putty: Opt for a premium wall putty like Birla White WallCare Putty to ensure durability, a smooth finish, and long-lasting appeal.
Prepare the Surface: Ensure the walls are clean, dry, and free from loose particles before application.
Apply in Layers: Depending on the design, putty can be applied in single or multiple layers for the desired effect.
Use the Right Tools: Trowels, spatulas, sponges, or patterned rollers help create specific textures and patterns.
Seal with Paint or Polish: Once the putty is dry, finishing it with paint, polish, or protective coatings enhances its aesthetic and durability.

Conclusion

Wall putty has evolved beyond its traditional role, now serving as a medium for creative interior design. Whether you prefer textured finishes, sleek smooth walls, or artistic patterns, wall putty designs can elevate your home’s aesthetics while offering durability and elegance. By selecting the best putty for wall and application technique, you can transform your interior walls into stunning masterpieces, setting the perfect backdrop for your lifestyle.

For high-quality wall finishes that stand the test of time, Birla White WallCare Putty ensures both beauty and performance, making your dream interiors a reality.

Concrete

Dalmia Bharat to add 6 MnTPA Cement Capacity in Maharashtra and Karnataka

Published

6 days ago

March 19, 2025

admin

Investment in alignment with the strategic goal of becoming a PAN India company and achieving 75 MnT capacity by FY28
Increases capacity primarily to meet growing demand in Western India along with existing regions

Dalmia Bharat Limited, one of India’s leading cement companies, through its subsidiaries, has announced a strategic investment of approximately Rs 3,520 Crore in the states of Maharashtra and Karnataka. As part of this initiative, the company will establish a 3.6 MnTPA clinker unit and a 3 MnTPA grinding unit at its existing Belgaum plant, Karnataka coupled with a new greenfield split grinding unit with a capacity of 3 MnTPA in Pune, Maharashtra. The capex will be funded through a combination of debt and internal accruals. With this expansion, Dalmia Bharat’s total installed cement capacity will increase to 55.5 MnTPA, after considering the ongoing expansion of 2.9 MnT at Assam and Bihar. These new units are expected to be commissioned by Q4 FY27.

The Belgaum Grinding Unit will cater to the underserved Southern Maharashtra markets while enhancing share in the existing region by improving penetration. On the other hand, Pune Grinding Unit will entirely cater to the untapped Western Maharashtra markets. The initiative is a part of the company’s vision to be a PAN India player and achieve 75 MnTPA capacity by FY28 and 110-130 MnT by 2031.

Speaking on the development, Mr. Puneet Dalmia, Managing Director & CEO, Dalmia Bharat Limited, said, “This investment is a significant step in our Phase II expansion strategy, bringing us closer to strengthen our position as a pan-India player and to reach intermittent goal of 75 MnT capacity by FY28. The increase in our production capacity is primarily to meet the growing infrastructure demand in Western India.” He further added, “We remain committed in realising our goals of capacity expansion, while staying focused on operational excellence and creating long-term value for our stakeholders. The capacity additions will also continue to be in line with Dalmia Bharat’s sustainability-driven approach and its commitment to supporting India’s infrastructure and development goals.”

About Dalmia Bharat: Founded in 1939, Dalmia Bharat Limited (DBL) (BSE/NSE Symbol: DALBHARAT) is one of India’s pioneering cement companies headquartered in New Delhi. With a growing capacity, currently pegged at 46.6 MnT, Dalmia Bharat Limited (including its subsidiaries) is the fourth-largest cement manufacturing company in India by installed capacity. Spread across 10 states and 15 manufacturing units. Dalmia Cement (Bharat) Limited, a subsidiary of Dalmia Bharat Limited, prides itself at having one of the lowest carbon footprint in the cement world globally. It is the first cement company to commit to RE100, EP100 and EV100 (first triple joiner) – showing real business leadership in the clean energy transition by taking a joined-up approach.

Concrete

Dalmia Bharat Commences Commercial Production of its New Grinding Unit of 2.4 MTPA at Lanka, Assam

Published

6 days ago

March 19, 2025

admin

Dalmia Bharat Limited (DBL), India’s leading cement company, has successfully commenced commercial production of its 2.4 MTPA increased Cement Grinding Capacity at Lanka, Assam. With this, the total cement manufacturing capacity of the Group stands at 8 MnT in North-East and overall 49 MTPA Pan-India. The new unit is part of the company’s planned investment of Rs 3,642 Cr, which was announced in May-23, to strengthen its market presence and meet the growing demand in the region. This Grinding Unit’s integrated Clinker Unit of 3.6 MnT is on an advanced stage of commissioning and expected to come in Q2 FY26.

On the commissioning of the new grinding unit, Mr. Puneet Dalmia, Managing Director & CEO, Dalmia Bharat Limited, said: “I am happy to say that the commissioning of 2.4 MnT capacity makes us the largest cement manufacturers of the North-East India. There is an increased focus for infrastructure development in the North-East and this capacity will help us cater to the growing cement demand. We will continue to partner with the states for the creation of landmark projects in the region.”

Dalmia Bharat has had a strong presence in the Northeast for more than 10 years. With a total manufacturing capacity of 8 MTPA, the company operates four cement plants—three in Assam and one in Meghalaya. It has been a key contributor to landmark projects such as the Dhola-Sadiya Bridge, Sela Tunnel, and Dhuburi-Phulbari Bridge. Its social initiatives focus on skill development, community welfare, and environmental conservation, aligning with its long-term vision for responsible growth.

About Dalmia Bharat: Founded in 1939, Dalmia Bharat Limited (DBL) (BSE/NSE Symbol: DALBHARAT) is one of India’s pioneering cement companies headquartered in New Delhi. With a growing capacity, currently pegged at 49 MnT, Dalmia Bharat Limited (including its subsidiaries) is the fourth-largest cement manufacturing company in India by installed capacity. Spread across 10 states and 15 manufacturing units. Dalmia Cement (Bharat) Limited, a subsidiary of Dalmia Bharat Limited, prides itself at having one of the lowest carbon footprints in the cement world globally. It is the first cement company to commit to RE100, EP100 and EV100 (first triple joiner) – showing real business leadership in the clean energy transition by taking a joined-up approach.