Technology

Technology for alternative fuel firing

Published

4 years ago

July 1, 2021

admin

Use of low-grade alternative fuels such as waste coal, tyres, sewage sludge, and biomass fuels (such as wood products, agricultural waste, etc.) in pre-calciners is a feasible option since combustion in pre-calciner takes place at a lower temperature.

India is the second largest cement producer in the world and accounted for over 8 per cent of the global installed capacity as of 2019 with an overall cement production capacity of around 545 MT in FY20. The Indian cement industry is swiftly developing due to the increasing demand of construction sectors, be it housing, commercial, industrial, etc.

Cement manufacturing being a high energy consuming and heavy polluting process accounts for at least 8 per cent of the total emission of greenhouse gases. At the same time, energy-related expenses in the cement sector, mostly on fossil fuels and electricity, account for 30 to 40 per cent of the industry?? cash costs.

Historically, the primary fuel used in cement industry is coal. Recent increases of coal prices in the Indian market again made the cement industry vulnerable to fuel cost. Since then, petroleum coke has been successfully used as fuel and the use alternative fuels in cement kilns is now common and increasing. Although fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, natural gas, etc. can provide all the energy the world needs for the time being, their finite nature, high prices and most importantly, their damaging effect on the environment underscore the need to develop alternative fuels.

Today?? cement industry becomes more challenging for the following main factors: the lowest production cost and minimum environmental impact. Beyond the cost-reduction benefits of alternative fuels, use of these fuels can contribute greatly to the environmentally sound disposal of waste and to the mitigation of greenhouse-gas emissions (GHG). Therefore, key cement players have started to consider alternative fuels as a lever to improve their contribution to sustainable development and as a key component of corporate social responsibility.

This is certainly a win-win option for both cement industry and the society at large. There is, hence, an urgent need to implement appropriate policies and practices in favor of co-processing in the country so that it can contribute reasonably towards the waste management needs of the country and help industry in substituting alternative resources in the cement manufacturing process. This would require substantial capacity building in the relevant stakeholder community ??particularly the policy makers, authorities, waste generators, facility providers and the cement plants.

Alternative Fuel options available

The range of alternative fuels is extremely wide. Use of low-grade alternative fuels such as waste coal, tyres, sewage sludge, and biomass fuels (such as wood products, agricultural waste, etc.) in pre-calciners is a feasible option since combustion in pre-calciner takes place at a lower temperature. The major Alternative Fuel available to use in India would be MSW (Municipal Solid Waste).

Sewage sludge: In several countries, sewage sludge is used in cement production. The sludge is usually co-fired with coal in pre-dried form. Pre-dried sludge is easier to store, transport and feed. However, it has a high content of SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 which could affect the quality of cement if excess amounts are used.

Used Tyres: Combustion of whole tyres requires long residence times to obtain complete conversion. In some cement installations, tyres are fired whole, mostly in the rotary kiln. More commonly, they are shredded in a slashing process, producing tyre chunks or chips, and co-fired with coal in the precalciner. They cannot, however, be finely comminuted economically. FLSmidth offers HOTDISC? Combustion Device for high efficient firing of used tyres.

Agricultural Biomass- A largely untapped renewable energy source: The type of biomass utilized by cement plants is highly variable, and is based on the crops that are locally grown/available. For e.g., rice husk, hazelnut shells, coconut husks, corn stover, coffee pods, and palm nut shells are among the many varieties of biomass currently being burned in cement kilns. Biomass fuels are considered carbon neutral because the carbon released during combustion is taken out of the atmosphere by the species during the growth phase.

Major challenges of using agricultural biomass residues include the relatively low calorific value which can cause flame instability, and availability since most of the agricultural residues are seasonal (not available all year round). The flame instability problems could be overcome with lower substitution rates and ability to adjust air flow and flame shape.

Other major Alternative Fuels include waste oil, liquid waste, Plastic, Meat and bone meal, etc.

Benefits of using Alternative Fuels in Cement Production

Cement producers are striving to lower their production costs. One effective method of achieving this end is the use of alternative fuels.

The reduction in emissions to the atmosphere and the positive environmental impact it holds is a major benefit of Alternative Fuel firing. In pre-calciners where kiln exhaust gases pass through, the NOx emissions are much reduced due to reburn reactions. Also, there is an increased net global reduction in CO2 emissions when waste is combusted in the cement kiln systems as opposed to dedicated incinerators, resulting a reduction in penalties.

Key considerations and challenges for co-processing Alternative Fuels

The potential benefits of burning alternative fuels at cement plants are numerous. However, the contrary is possible where poor planning results in higher emissions or when they are not put to their best use with best practices.

Alternative fuels used in cement manufacturing have different characteristics compared to the conventional fuels. Switching fuels present several challenges that must be addressed in-order to achieve successful application. The type of fuel used can introduce some material components which can interfere with the chemistry of the cement materials as well as affect the operation of the system. The use of a type of fuel is hence subject to the constraints imposed by any effect on cement quality, refractory life, gas and material flow or potential emissions to the atmosphere.

Poor heat distribution, unstable pre-calciner operation, blockages in the preheater cyclones, build-ups in the kiln riser ducts, higher emissions and dusty kilns are some of the major challenges.

FLSmidth Alternative Fuel Firing Technology

Introducing alternative fuels has an impact across the plant. The materials can have totally different characteristics from fossil fuels. They can be sticky, fluffy, moist, and fluctuating in size and quality or you may need to switch between different types of fuel with very different characteristic due to governed by availability. They will burn differently, have a different reaction in the kiln and may require you to take other actions to ensure consistent clinker quality. There are a lot of variables at play ??which is why you need an experienced partner on your side.

With over 25 years of direct alternative fuels experience and more than 130 years in the cement industry, FLSmidth? offers a range of products to enable Cement Manufacturers to increase their substitution of Alternative Fuels.

JETFLEX? Burner

Cement kilns have several characteristics which make them ideal installations for disposal of waste through co-processing in an environmentally sound manner:

– High temperatures

– Long residence time

– Oxidizing atmosphere

– High thermal inertia

– Alkaline environment

– Ash retention in clinker

FLSmidth?? JETFLEX? Burner is a highly flexible kiln burner, designed to produce the best flame shape and lowest NOx emissions for various fuel types and operating conditions. It fires rotary kilns with pulverized coal or coke, oil, natural gas, or any mixture of these fuels. Alternative fuel firing of plastic chips, wood chips and sewage sludge can also occur through the same common fuel channel to improve heat and power consumption and minimize cold airflow entering from the fuel transport.

JETFLEX? PLUS Burner

For optimum combustion flexibility, our JETFLEX PLUS Burner offers superior combustion of cost-effective grade fuels, complete flame-forming control and increased fuel retention time. The two design features that characterize the JETFLEX PLUS Burner model are individually rotatable jet air nozzles and a retractable center pipe for alternative fuel firing.

The individual rotatable nozzles also enable fuel lift configuration. This is used with solid alternative fuels to increase fuel retention time in the flame. The result is less fuel drop-out, improved combustion, and improved clinker quality. The swirler is the main mechanism for shaping the flame during start-up and daily operation.

The JETFLEX PLUS burner offers retraction of the swirler and central duct. In combination with the axial air nozzles, this enables a significant drop in fuel velocity in front of the burner. This feature strongly increases the fuel retention time in the flame and enables early ignition of low grade fuels. In combination with the fuel lift configuration as noted above, spillage to the charge is minimised. This allows the burner to contribute to superior flame and clinker quality control as well as a high alternative fuel substitution.

HOTDISC? Combustion Device

The HOTDISC solution allows cement producers to substitute coal or other fossil fuels with a wide range of alternative fuels. The HOTDISC is a flagship solution for FLSmidth?? MissionZero that helps cement producers take an important step toward zero-emission cement plants by 2030. Launched in 2004 and over 35 installations worldwide, the HOTDISC Combustion Devices has already firmly established itself as an attractive technology to accelerate cement plants??transition toward alternative fuels.

From wet powders to solid waste up to 1.2 metres in diameter, our HOTDISC Combustion Device can burn them all. The waste to energy process eliminates the need for expensive shredding and gives you the flexibility to select the most economical choice from a wide range of alternative fuel options. The HOTDISC Combustion Device is designed to achieve a calciner fuel substitution rate of up to 80%, although results vary significantly depending on specific plant conditions.

As an integrated part of your kiln system, the HOTDISC Combustion Device is added onto the calciner and functions as a slow-moving disc furnace. When alternative fuel, preheated raw meal and tertiary air are fed into the HOTDISC, it produces combustion gases, partly calcined meal and combustion residues. These are then processed in the calciner alongside the other streams entering it. The result is calcined meal ready for the kiln and well-controlled emissions.

Alternative fuels are introduced onto the slowly rotating disc and they start to burn in fully-oxidising conditions when they meet the hot tertiary air. The burning fuel is transported approximately 270? on the disc until it reaches the scraper, where the remaining ash and partly calcined materials are discharged into the riser duct. Heavy combustion residues fall into the kiln inlet, while lighter fragments and combustion gases move up into the calciner.

HOTDISC-S? is a recently developed version of HOTDISC specifically to cater the needs of customers with SLC type calciners, hence enabling them to achieve Alternative Fuel firing. Two of these devices have been commissioned globally and running successfully.

Low NOx Calciner

With a goal to optimise production costs, FLSmidth?? Low NOx Calciner has been enhanced for operational stability, availability and combustion efficiency.

NOX regulations are continuously being tightened around the world. Meeting NOx emissions limits is therefore a key demand for cement producers, not only because NOx-related issues, such as smog pollution, have a direct impact on the local society, but also because your plant?? license to operate is directly linked to its NOx emissions.

Multiple fuel inlets are given to ensure optimal distribution between the kiln gases and the fuel. To achieve the best distribution between the kiln gases and the fuel, there are multiple inlets (four or six, depending on plant size). Better fuel distribution provides optimal mixing, which gives the highest average cross-sectional temperature without any build-up problems.

The Low NOX Calciner has the flexibility to burn almost any type of fuel. This includes traditional fuels, including coal and natural gas, more difficult-to-burn fuels, such as petcoke, and most solid and liquid waste fuels. These fuel types are burned while achieving low NOx and CO emissions.Primary Mitigation

Another simple solution FLSmidth? provides for reducing the NOx emissions in the existing plants is the Primary mitigation NOx reduction through calciner design changes. These are basically layout changes to create one firing location, one meal split, one air stream entering tangentially to the calciner and creating “hot zone??and ??eduction zone?? The plant system is studied and appropriate modifications are recommended. For even lower NOx emissions, FLSmidth? provides SNCR system as an add-on solution.

Kiln Gas By-pass System

Kiln gas bypass systems have traditionally only been used in regions where the local raw materials are naturally high in chloride, sulfur or alkalis. The growing use of alternative fuels and other materials is also increasing the input of chloride to kiln systems to the point that may require a bypass to maintain process stability or product quality. FLSmidth has extensive experience with the design and use of kiln bypass systems.

Main features:

– Quench chamber with dual layer dip tube

– Quench air inlet flap valve

– Control scheme for maximum stability

– Special lining design in transition pipe section

– Constant force support system

– Multiple layout possibilities

While the fundamental principles of a bypass system have not changed, state-of-the-art technology and design tools have been incorporated to improve bypass efficiency and maximise reliability. Most projects today will at least have the space for a future small chloride bypass (less than 10%) with respect to use of alternative fuels and materials.

Conclusion

The co-processing of waste as AFR disposes the waste completely and thereby eliminates the societal concerns associated with it. In Indian cement industry, if these initiatives could increase thermal substitution to the level of European countries, the cement industry can reduce its GHG emission by a significant amount, impacting the overall country?? GHG emission.

The type of fuel used in cement production is subject to the constraints imposed by its effects on cement quality, refractory life, emissions to the atmosphere, etc. and hence requires proper study and planning by specialists before implementation.

To reduce fuel cost in cement industry, globally, waste materials and low-grade fuels are co processed extensively as alternative fuels or energy sources. India still has a long way to go in ensuring greater substitution of AFRs, resulting in sizable conservation of natural materials and fossil fuels and to make the most out of the technology available for the same.

Author:

Gopika Krishnakumar

Product Line Manager

Cement Industry/Pyro Technology

FLSmidth

Concrete

Optimising plant performance

Published

5 days ago

June 17, 2025

admin

As India’s cement industry heads for unprecedented growth, the importance of smart, sustainable and strategic lubrication is gaining ground. From reducing downtime and enhancing energy efficiency to enabling predictive maintenance, lubricants are transforming plant performance. ICR explores how advanced lubrication solutions are becoming critical enablers of reliability, resilience and environmental stewardship in the cement sector.

The Indian cement industry, a cornerstone of the nation’s infrastructure development, is experiencing significant growth. In 2023, India’s cement production reached 374.55 million tonnes, marking a 6.83 per cent year-on-year growth. Projections indicate that the market size will expand from 3.96 billion tonnes in 2023 to 5.99 billion tonnes by 2032, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.7 per cent during 2024-32. This expansion underscores the increasing demand for efficient and sustainable operations within the sector.
In cement manufacturing, equipment such as kilns, crushers, vertical mills, ball mills, conveyors and fans operate under extreme temperatures, heavy loads and high dust exposure. These demanding conditions make proper lubrication not just essential, but mission-critical. Selecting the right type of lubricant and maintaining an effective lubrication regime can drastically improve machine uptime, reduce maintenance costs, and enhance plant safety. In many cases, lubricant-related failures account for a significant proportion of unplanned downtime, underscoring the value of a well-structured lubrication strategy.
The Indian cement sector is also undergoing a technological transformation, with increasing emphasis on automation, predictive maintenance and energy efficiency. In this evolving landscape, lubricants are no longer just consumables—they are enablers of performance, longevity and sustainability. With the growing availability of advanced lubricants and condition-monitoring technologies, Indian cement plants have the opportunity to optimise their lubrication practices in line with global standards. Additionally, tightening environmental regulations and sustainability goals are driving the shift toward eco-friendly lubricants and responsible usage practices, making lubrication management a key factor in both operational and environmental performance.
As the industry moves forward, there is a growing realisation that lubrication excellence can be a competitive differentiator. This article explores the critical role of lubricants in cement manufacturing, the latest technological advancements, the environmental considerations shaping lubricant use, and the challenges and opportunities for cement producers in India aiming to maximise equipment reliability and operational efficiency.

The role of lubricants in cement manufacturing
Cement manufacturing involves heavy-duty machinery operating under extreme conditions—high temperatures, heavy loads and continuous operations. Lubricants are essential in minimising friction, reducing wear and tear, and preventing equipment failures. Proper lubrication ensures that components such as kilns, crushers and grinding mills function optimally, thereby reducing downtime and maintenance costs.
Moreover, the integration of advanced lubrication technologies has enabled predictive maintenance strategies. By monitoring lubricant conditions, operators can anticipate equipment issues before they escalate, allowing for timely interventions and uninterrupted production cycles.
“Lubricants play a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency and reliability of cement plant operations. High-performance lubricants reduce friction and wear in critical machinery such as crushers, kilns, mills, and conveyors, ensuring smoother operation and extending equipment life. By minimising mechanical breakdowns and unplanned downtime, they contribute to consistent production and lower maintenance costs. Additionally, specialised lubricants designed to withstand high temperatures, heavy loads, and dusty environments help maintain optimal performance under demanding conditions. Proper lubrication also improves energy efficiency by reducing power loss due to friction. In essence, the right lubrication strategy not only enhances equipment reliability and operational uptime but also supports overall cost-effectiveness and productivity in cement manufacturing,” says Hiten Ved, Sales Head, Royal Petro Specialities.
In addition to enhancing equipment longevity, lubricants are pivotal in ensuring uninterrupted production cycles. Cement manufacturing is a 24/7 operation, and any unexpected downtime due to mechanical failure can lead to significant financial losses. Lubricants with high thermal stability and oxidation resistance prevent the breakdown of oil films under intense heat, especially in applications like rotary kilns, vertical roller mills and clinker coolers. By reducing the likelihood of equipment seizures or breakdowns, these lubricants act as silent enablers of plant reliability and uptime.
Gaurav Mathur, Director and Chief Executive Officer, Global Technical Services, says, “Wall paintings in tombs show workers using water to move statues, indicating early recognition of lubrication. By 1400 BC, animal fat was used to lubricate chariot axles, ever since then mankind has been relentlessly working to improvise the efficiency of lubricants. Tribological advancements have propelled industrialisation in the world. Machines working in demanding environment need better performance, however merely just better lubricant that is made from highly refined base oils is not good enough. Mineral and synthetic base oils and advanced additives chemistry have given birth to advanced lubricants. These lubricants have better performance characteristics and longer service life.”
“However, the way lubrication is done is more critical and if lubrication is not performed in a proper way, highest performing lubricants would also under perform compared to the lowest specification product. Total Lubrication Management has to be implemented for better machine reliability, equipment availability and lower down time. Implementation of TLM has paid rich dividends in the industry. Pillars of TLM being, contamination free lubrication, regular testing of lubricants to access the lubricant and machine condition and regeneration of lubricants,” he adds.
Lubricants contribute directly to energy efficiency. Friction losses within rotating equipment can account for up to 30 per cent of the total energy consumption in certain plant areas. Advanced synthetic lubricants, with low traction coefficients and superior film strength, reduce this internal resistance, thus improving mechanical efficiency and lowering the plant’s overall energy footprint. As Indian cement plants pursue energy benchmarking and ISO 50001 certifications, the use of high-performance lubricants becomes an integral strategy in achieving energy conservation goals.
“The cement industry has many lubrication points that require NLGI Grade 2 grease that can be used in high temperature applications. These may include bearings on vibrating screens and roller mills; rotating joints on grinding units; and various shafts, pivots, and metal to metal contact points found throughout the plant. CorrLube™ VpCI® Lithium EP Grease has a dropping point of 360 °F (182 °C), allowing it to be used in a broad range of temperatures. For areas that need a slightly harder grease of NLGI Grade 3, EcoLine® Biobased Grease offers a
similar dropping point of 365 °F (185 °C), explain Julie Holmquist, Marketing Content Writer,
Cortec Corporation.

Market dynamics: growth and trends
The Indian industrial lubricants market was valued at $13.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach $ 20.72 billion by 2033, growing at a CAGR of 4.12 per cent. This growth is driven by the expanding industrial sector, increased mechanisation, and the adoption of advanced machinery requiring specialised lubricants.
In the cement sector specifically, the demand for high-performance lubricants is rising. The lubricants for cement market are estimated to be $ 2.5 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach $ 3.9 billion by 2033, at a CAGR of 5.3 per cent from 2026 to 2033. This surge is attributed to the need for lubricants that can withstand harsh operating conditions and enhance equipment reliability.

Advancements in lubrication technology
Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in lubrication technology tailored for the cement industry. Synthetic lubricants, known for their superior thermal stability and longer service life, are increasingly being adopted. These lubricants perform effectively under extreme temperatures and heavy loads, common in cement manufacturing processes.
Additionally, the development of bio-based lubricants offers environmentally friendly alternatives without compromising performance. These lubricants, derived from renewable sources, reduce the environmental footprint and align with global sustainability goals. Their biodegradability and low toxicity make them suitable for applications where environmental considerations are paramount.
Smart lubrication systems are another breakthrough in the cement industry. These systems use IoT-enabled sensors and controllers to monitor lubricant condition in real time—tracking parameters such as viscosity, temperature, contamination levels and usage. This data is integrated into plant maintenance software to automate lubricant replenishment and alert operators to potential failures. Predictive lubrication ensures that each component receives the right amount of lubricant at the right time, minimising waste, reducing manual intervention, and extending machinery life.
“Many VpCI® products can be applied to surfaces with minimal pre-cleaning, and the protective VpCI® layer typically does not need to be removed before equipment is put back into service. VpCI® ‘s save significant labor, time, and associated costs compared to methods that require extensive surface preparation (e.g., sandblasting) and post-application cleaning or degreasing. This allows for faster startup after maintenance,” elaborates Ana Juraga, Content Writer, Cortec Corporation.
Furthermore, Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) and lubricant suppliers are collaborating to develop application-specific lubricants tailored to the unique operating conditions of cement manufacturing units. For example, gear oils designed for high-load kilns or open gear systems now come with superior Extreme Pressure (EP) additives and anti-wear properties to cope with shock loading and variable speed operations. These co-developed solutions not only enhance mechanical reliability but also ensure compatibility with diverse materials used in modern cement equipment, ensuring peak performance in both greenfield and brownfield plants.

Sustainability and environmental considerations
The cement industry is under increasing pressure to reduce its environmental impact. Lubricants contribute to this goal by enhancing energy efficiency and reducing emissions. High-quality lubricants decrease friction, leading to lower energy consumption and, consequently, reduced greenhouse gas emissions.
Furthermore, the use of long-life lubricants minimises the frequency of oil changes, thereby reducing waste generation and disposal issues. The shift towards bio-based and recyclable lubricants also supports circular economy principles, promoting resource efficiency and environmental stewardship.
A report by Klüber Lubrication India suggests that sustainability continues to be a key focus for industries, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has mandated Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting (BRSR) for the top 1,000 listed companies. This framework requires organisations to disclose their environmental, social and governance (ESG) initiatives, including energy conservation, emission reductions and resource optimisation. Beyond compliance, BRSR reporting allows companies to showcase their sustainability leadership and build investor confidence. Organisations that proactively address sustainability challenges are better positioned to attract long-term investors, secure financing, and maintain a competitive advantage in an evolving regulatory landscape.
The report also states that their high-performance synthetic lubricants play a crucial role in helping cement manufacturers meet these regulatory requirements by enhancing energy efficiency and reducing CO2 emissions in critical machinery such as vertical roller mills (VRMs) and main gearboxes. By adopting our energy-efficient solutions, companies can strengthen their BRSR compliance while achieving tangible operational benefits.
An emerging trend in the lubricant industry is the formulation of biodegradable lubricants specifically tailored for heavy industries like cement manufacturing. These eco-friendly alternatives are made from renewable base stocks and are designed to degrade naturally without leaving behind harmful residues. In environmentally sensitive zones or operations with high spill risk, such as open gear applications or hydraulic systems exposed to the elements, biodegradable lubricants offer a sustainable solution that aligns with stricter environmental regulations and the growing emphasis on corporate social responsibility (CSR) in India’s industrial sector.
KB Mathur, Founder and Director, Global Technical Services, says, “In the world of industrial machinery, lubricating oils while essential; are often misunderstood in terms of their life cycle. When oils are used in machinery, they don’t simply ‘DIE’. Instead, they become contaminated with moisture (water) and solid contaminants like dust, dirt and wear debris. These contaminants degrade the oil’s effectiveness but do not render it completely unusable. Used lubricants can be regenerated via advanced filtration processes/systems and recharged with the use of performance enhancing additives hence restoring them. These oils are brought back to ‘As-New’ levels. This new fresher lubricating oil is formulated to carry out its specific job providing heightened lubrication and reliable performance of the assets with a view of improved machine condition. Hence, contributing to not just cost savings but leading to magnified productivity, and diminished environmental stress.”
Lubricant manufacturers are increasingly focusing on circular economy principles, offering oil analysis, filtration and recycling services that extend lubricant life and minimise waste. Used oil regeneration programs not only reduce disposal costs but also help cement plants meet regulatory norms under the Hazardous Waste Management Rules of India. This closed-loop approach not only lowers the environmental burden but also enhances economic efficiency—making sustainability a dual benefit for operational and ecological performance. As cement companies work towards science-based targets and carbon neutrality, lubricant selection and management play a more strategic role in meeting these broader sustainability commitments.

Challenges and opportunities
Despite the benefits, the adoption of advanced lubricants in the Indian cement industry faces challenges. These include the higher initial costs of synthetic and bio-based lubricants and a lack of awareness about their long-term benefits. Additionally, the integration of lubrication management systems requires investment in training and infrastructure.
However, these challenges present opportunities for innovation and collaboration. Manufacturers
can work closely with lubricant suppliers to develop customised solutions that meet specific operational needs. Moreover, government incentives and regulatory frameworks promoting sustainable practices can accelerate the adoption of advanced lubrication technologies.
Another key challenge is the limited awareness and technical training available at the plant level regarding proper lubrication practices. Many maintenance teams still rely on outdated methods such as manual greasing or fixed-interval lubrication schedules, which often lead to over-lubrication, under-lubrication or lubricant contamination. This results in premature equipment wear and higher operating costs. There is a growing need for skill development programmes and collaboration with lubricant suppliers to train technicians on best practices, condition-based monitoring, and the use of smart lubrication systems.
“Oil in the machine is like blood in the human body. There is no rotating machine that works without lubricants (liquid, semi liquid or solid). Based on the machine component, type of lubricant is used to minimise the mechanical changes in the machine. Lubricant being the product that separates two or more materials under movement. With modern machines being more and more sophisticated and tolerances being finer than before, cleanliness of Lubricants is critical, would the source of contamination be internal wear or external contamination. These contaminations rupture and compromises lubricant film, contamination particles when come in-between the fine tolerances, become cause of catastrophic failure,” expounds Gaurav Mathur.
At the same time, the industry is witnessing an opportunity to leverage digitalisation in lubrication management. Advanced lubrication tracking tools, coupled with ERP and maintenance software, can now offer real-time visibility into lubricant consumption, scheduling and health diagnostics. Integration of AI-powered analytics helps predict equipment failure based on lubricant data, enabling a shift from reactive to predictive maintenance. For Indian cement manufacturers aiming to digitise plant operations as part of Industry 4.0, lubrication is an ideal entry point that delivers immediate ROI and long-term gains in efficiency, asset life and sustainability.

Conclusion
As the Indian cement industry continues its trajectory of growth, the role of high-performance lubricants in ensuring operational reliability, energy efficiency and cost savings cannot be overstated. From kilns and crushers to ball mills and gearboxes, modern lubrication solutions are critical in
reducing downtime and maximising equipment lifespan. With rising demand and increased production pressures, cement plants must adopt a proactive approach to lubrication management—viewing it not as a routine maintenance task, but as a strategic pillar of plant performance.
Recent advancements in lubricant technology, such as synthetic formulations, nano-additives, and smart dispensers, have opened new avenues for boosting equipment efficiency and longevity. Digital tools and IoT-based systems now allow plant operators to monitor lubricant condition in real time, enabling predictive maintenance and minimising the risk of failure. As cement manufacturers increasingly pursue digital transformation and automation under Industry 4.0 frameworks, lubrication systems must be seamlessly integrated into broader asset management strategies.
At the same time, sustainability imperatives are reshaping lubrication choices. There is growing emphasis on biodegradable lubricants, optimised lubricant consumption, and environmentally responsible disposal practices. Overcoming challenges such as limited awareness, inconsistent maintenance practices, and cost sensitivity will require collaboration between lubricant manufacturers, OEMs and cement producers. The opportunities, however, are substantial—by aligning lubrication strategies with efficiency, digitalisation and sustainability goals, the Indian cement industry can significantly enhance its competitiveness and resilience in the years ahead.

– Kanika Mathur

Concrete

We consistently push the boundaries of technology

Published

2 months ago

April 18, 2025

admin

Swapnil Jadhav, Director, SIDSA Environmental, discusses transforming waste into valuable resources through cutting-edge technology and innovative process solutions.

SIDSA Environmental brings decades of experience and expertise to the important niche of waste treatment and process technologies. As a global leader that is at the forefront of sustainable waste management, the company excels in recycling, waste-to-energy solutions and alternative fuel production. In this conversation, Swapnil Jadhav, Director, SIDSA Environmental, shares insights into their advanced shredding technology, its role in RDF production for the cement industry and emerging trends in waste-to-energy solutions.

Can you give us an overview of SIDSA Environmental’s role in waste treatment and process technologies?
SIDSA is a leading innovator in the field of waste treatment and process technologies, dedicated to delivering sustainable solutions that address the growing challenges of waste management.
SIDSA is a more than 52-year-old organisation with worldwide presence and has successfully realised over 1100 projects.
Our expertise is in the engineering and development of cutting-edge systems that enable the conversion of waste materials into valuable resources. This includes recycling technologies, waste-to-energy (W2E) systems, and advanced methods for producing alternative fuels such as refuse derived fuel (RDF). The organisation prioritises environmental stewardship by integrating energy-efficient processes and technologies, supporting industrial sectors—including the cement industry—in reducing their carbon footprint. Through our comprehensive approach, we aim to promote a circular economy where waste is no longer a burden but a resource to be harnessed.

How does SIDSA Environmental’s shredding technology contribute to the cement industry, especially in the production of RDF?
SIDSA’s shredding technology is pivotal in transforming diverse waste streams into high-quality RDF. Cement kilns require fuel with specific calorific values and uniform composition to ensure efficient combustion and operational stability, and this is where our shredding systems excel. In India, we are segment leaders with more than 30 projects including over 50 equipment of varied capacity successfully realised. Some of the solutions were supplied as complete turnkey plants for high capacity AFR processing. Our esteemed client list comprises reputed cement manufacturers and chemical industries. Our technology processes various types of waste—such as plastics, textiles and industrial residues—breaking them down into consistent particles suitable for energy recovery.

Key features include:

High efficiency: Ensures optimal throughput for large volumes of waste.
Adaptability: Handles mixed and heterogeneous waste streams, including contaminated or complex materials.
Reliability: Reduces the likelihood of operational disruptions in RDF production. By standardising RDF properties, our shredding technology enables cement plants to achieve greater energy efficiency while adhering to environmental regulations.

What are the key benefits of using alternative fuels like RDF in cement kilns?
The adoption of RDF and other alternative fuels offers significant advantages across environmental, economic and social dimensions:

Environmental benefits: Cement kilns using RDF emit fewer greenhouse gases compared to those reliant on fossil fuels like coal or petroleum coke. RDF also helps mitigate the issue of overflowing landfills by diverting waste toward energy recovery.
Economic savings: Alternative fuels are often more cost-effective than traditional energy sources, allowing cement plants to reduce operational expenses.
Sustainability and resource efficiency: RDF facilitates the circular economy by repurposing waste materials into energy, conserving finite natural resources.
Operational flexibility: Cement kilns designed to use RDF can seamlessly switch between different fuel types, enhancing adaptability to market conditions.

What innovations have been introduced in waste-to-energy (W2E) and recycling solutions?
SIDSA’s machinery is meticulously engineered to handle the complex requirements of processing hazardous and bulky waste.

This includes:

Robust construction: Our equipment is designed to manage heavy loads and challenging waste streams, such as industrial debris, tires and large furniture.
Advanced safety features: Intelligent sensors and automated controls ensure safe operation when dealing with potentially harmful materials, such as chemical waste.
Compliance with standards: Machinery is built to adhere to international environmental and safety regulations, guaranteeing reliability under stringent conditions.
Modular design: Allows for customisation and scalability to meet the unique needs of various waste management facilities.

How does your organisation customised solutions help cement plants improve sustainability and efficiency?
We consistently push the boundaries of technology to enhance waste management outcomes.
General innovations and new product development focus on:

Energy-efficient shredders: These machines consume less power while maintaining high throughput, contributing to lower operational costs.
AI-powered sorting systems: Utilise advanced algorithms to automate waste classification, increasing material recovery rates and minimising errors.
Advanced gasification technologies: Convert waste into syngas (a clean energy source) while minimising emissions and residue.
Closed-loop recycling solutions: Enable the extraction and repurposing of materials from waste streams, maximising resource use while reducing environmental impact.

What future trends do you foresee in waste management and alternative fuel usage in the cement sector?
Looking ahead, several trends are likely to shape the future of waste management and alternative fuels in the cement industry:

AI integration: AI-driven technologies will enhance waste sorting and optimise RDF production, enabling greater efficiency.
Bio-based fuels: Increased use of biofuels derived from organic waste as a renewable and low-carbon energy source.
Collaborative approaches: Strengthened partnerships between governments, private industries and technology providers will facilitate large-scale implementation of sustainable practices.
Circular economy expansion: The cement sector will increasingly adopt closed-loop systems, reducing waste and maximising resource reuse.
Regulatory evolution: More stringent environmental laws and incentives for using alternative fuels will accelerate the transition toward sustainable energy solutions.

(Communication by the management of the company)

Concrete

FORNNAX Technology lays foundation for a 23-acre facility in Gujarat

Published

3 months ago

March 17, 2025

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FORNNAX Technology, a leading manufacturer of recycling equipment in India, has marked a major milestone with the Groundbreaking (Bhoomi Pujan) ceremony for its expansive 23-acre manufacturing facility in Gujarat. Specialising in high-capacity shredders and granulators, FORNNAX is strategically positioning itself as a global leader in the recycling industry. The new plant aims to produce 250 machinery units annually by 2030, making it one of the largest manufacturing facilities in the world.
The foundation stone for this ambitious project was laid by Jignesh Kundaria, CEO and Director, alongside Kaushik Kundaria, Director. The ceremony was attended by key leadership members and company staff, signifying a new chapter for FORNNAX as it meets the growing demand for reliable recycling solutions. Speaking on the occasion, Jignesh Kundaria stated, “This marks a historic moment for the recycling sector. Our high-quality equipment will address various waste categories, including tyre, municipal solid waste (msw), cables, e-waste, aluminium, and ferrous metals. this facility will strengthen our global presence while contributing to India’s Net Zero emissions goal by 2070.”
FORNNAX is actively expanding its footprint in critical markets such as Australia, Europe and the GCC, forging stronger sales and service partnerships. The facility will house an advanced Production Department to ensure seamless manufacturing.